• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.72 no.2
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• pp.177-181
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• 2012

Activated charcoal is an inert substance and it is used in standard therapy in patients with acute intoxication. Charcoal has some side effects such as pulmonary aspiration, gastrointestinal complications, and electrolyte abnormalities. Although aspiration of charcoal is a rare complication, it can cause fatal sequelae. We report a 69-year old man who developed acute respiratory failure associated with charcoal aspiration after management of glyphosate poisoning. The patient was drowsy and suffered severe vomiting during transport to our hospital. On arrival, acute respiratory failure was observed due to charcoal aspiration, but the clinical state was improved with repeated bronchoscopy with a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). We presumed that the aspirated charcoal was an important factor in evoking a lung injury. Early bronchoscopy with a BAL might be an effective method for eliminating charcoal from the lung, especially in the case of a large amount of aspiration, and be helpful in decreasing respiratory failure due to charcoal aspiration.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.133-133
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of charcoal on germination and early growth of barley sprouts. Five treatments were employed based on different amount and treatment method along with control. Barley seeds were soaked in water for 8 hours. Two types of topping treatment were applied such as, charcoal: 100 g (designated as T1) and charcoal: 200 g (T2). Three kinds of mixing treatment were as follows: barley seeds were mixed with 100g of charcoal (designated as M1), with 200g of charcoal (M2), and with 300g of charcoal(M3). The control did not have any charcoal. In our finding, germination rates were observed 53.3% (control), 26.3%(T1), 36.3%(T2), 67.3%(M1), 81.7%(M2), and 79.7%(M3) at three days after inoculation (DAI). Length of radicle was found at 0.90 cm (control), 0.88 cm (T1), 0.99 cm (T2), 1.03cm (M1), 1.66 cm (M2), and 0.70 cm (M3) in 3 DAI. In addition, sprout length was found 4.5 cm (control), 10.4 cm (T1), 11.9 cm (T2), 5.7 cm (M1), 6.3 cm (M2), and 2.1 cm (M3) in 14 DAI. Fresh weight of sprouts were 0.78g (control), 1.03g (T1), 1.07g (T2), 0.96g (M1), 1.07g (M2), and 0.95g (M3). Among the treatment, topping of seeds on 200g of charcoal (T2) showed longest sprout length and fresh weight. Mixing treatments showed higher germination rates and sprout fresh weight. The results may be attributed to difference in micro-climate conditions (mostly temperature and humidity) in the growth boxes in different treatments.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.57-63
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• 2007

Anatomical characteristics of black and white charcoal of Quercus variabilis and Quercus mongolica manufactured by a Korean traditional kiln were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. In both charcoal, the earlywood vessels shrank in tangential direction, whereas the other cells didn't change. However, in the case of latewood vessels, black charcoal did not show tangential direction shrinkage, but white charcoal did. The wood fiber were changed severly in shape due to the excessive shrinkage. Tyloses in early wood vessel were still shown unchanged shape in both charcoals. Cell wall of ray parenchyma was observed and their shapes were severly distorted. Voids between ray parenchyma were observed in white charcoal, which maybe due to high temperature in white charcoal. Moreover, lumen diameters in the uniseriate ray and multiseriate ray were decreased at the high charring temperature. These results showed that the low charcoal yield of the white charcoal compared to the black charcoal was caused by decrease of cell dimensions as well as loss of wood components associated with the carbonization temperature.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.29-37
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• 2007

To evaluate the effect of carbonization temperature of charcoal on the heavy metal adsorption property, Quercus mongolica wood and Larix kaempferi bark powder (100~60 mesh) were carbonized at between 400 and $900^{\circ}C$ at intervals of $100^{\circ}C$. In the properties of carbonized materials which affect the adsorption ability, pH increased with increasing the carbonization temperature, so that the pHs of wood and bark charcoal carbonized at $900^{\circ}C$ were 10.8 and 10.4, respectively. Also, in both materials, the carbon content ratio became larger as the carbonization temperature was raised. At the same carbonization temperature, carbon content ratio of the bark charcoal tended to be greater than that of the wood charcoal. In case of iodine adsorption which indicates the adsorption property in liquid phase, the wood charcoal showed higher adsorption value than the bark charcoal. From the investigation of adsorptive elimination properties of the charcoals against 15 ppm Cd, Zn, and Cu, the higher the carbonization temperature, the greater elimination ratio was. In comparison, the wood charcoal presented higher elimination ratio than that of the bark charcoal. In the wood charcoals carbonized at higher than $500^{\circ}C$, especially, 0.2 g of the charcoal was enough to eliminated almost 100% of the heavy metal ions. Heavy metal ion elimination ratio of the charcoals depended on the kinds of adsorbates. The effectiveness of adsorbates in adsorptive elimination by the charcoals were in order of Cu > Cd > Zn. This is because the physicochemical interaction between the adsorbate and adsorbent affects their adsorption properties, it is considered that subsequent researches are needed to improve the effectiveness of heavy metal adsorption by the charcoals.

• Carbon letters
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2015

The breakthrough behaviour of activated charcoal cloth samples against an oxygen analogue (OA) of sulphur mustard has been studied using the modified Wheeler equation. Activated charcoal cloth samples having different surface area values in the range of 481 to $1290m^2/g$ were used for this purpose. Breakthrough behaviour was found to depend on the properties of the activated charcoal cloth, properties of the OA and the adsorption conditions. Activated charcoal cloth with a high surface area of $1290m^2/g$, relatively large surface density of $160g/m^2$ and coarser fiber structure exhibited better kinetic saturation capacity value, 0.19 g/g, against OA vapours when compared to others, thus confirming its potential use in foldable masks for protection against chemical warfare agents.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.461-467
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• 2000

After analyzing the datas to propose the rightful recognition and research direction for the long used charcoal, the following conclusions are obtained. 1. The 'soot' is pure Korean which has the meaning of 'fresh power' and is translated in English as charcoal which is composition of china and cool meaning good. 2. The main dispositions of the charcoal are 85% of carbon, 10% of water, 4% of minerals and 2% of essential so that the understanding of properties and effects of carbon are essential. 3. It is usually appeared that there are purifying and detoxifying effects of the woods and the room in practical use of charcoal. 4. In everyday life, it removes the odors, regulates the humidity and prevents the decaying. 5. It is often used medically for activating liver fuctions, regulating digestive fuctions and for diseases with inflammations, fever or bleeding. 6. The charcoal is used in medical treatment internally as well as externally. Above conclusions shows that the objective research is needed for clinical use considering the physical and chemical properties in future.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.455-458
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• 2006

The oak and pine charcoal were used to develop the internal packaging raw material for maintaining the freshness of vegetables and fruits, and to investigate the possibility in the application for pulp mold packaging. The effects of the charcoal type, species, particle size, and grammage on the adsorption efficiency of ethylene gas were studied. White charcoal has superior ethylene gas adsorption performance to those of black charcoal. Pine charcoal was superior to oak charcoal in the ethylene gas adsorption. Higher gas adsorption was obtained by the higher grammage sheet. The difference in the adsorption efficiency was not significant between ONP and KOCC.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.280-286
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• 2021

The objective of this study was to prove the effect of pig slurry application with charcoal on nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), feed value and ammonia (NH₃) emission from maize forage. The four treatments were applied: 1) non-pig slurry (only water as a control), 2) only pig slurry application (PS), 3) pig slurry application with large particle charcoal (LC), 4) pig slurry application with small particle charcoal (SC). The pig slurry was applied at a rate of 150 kg N ha^-1, and the charcoal was applied at a rate of 300 kg ha-1 regardless of the size. To determine the feed value of maize, crude protein, dry matter intake, digestible dry matter, total digestible nutrient, and relative feed value were investigated. All feed value was increased by charcoal treatment compared to water and PS treatment. Also, the NUE for plant N was significantly higher in charcoal treatments (LC and SC) compared to PS treatment. On the other hand, there is no significant difference for feed value and NUE between LC and SC. The NH₃ emission was significantly reduced 15.2% and 27.9% by LC and SC, respectively, compared to PS. Especially, SC significantly decreased NH₃ emission by 15% compared to LC. The present study clearly showed that charcoal application exhibited positive potential in nitrogen use efficiency, feed value and reducing N losses through NH₃ emission.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2001

In this study, it was examined the effect of carbonized wastewoods on soil improvement and effect of charcoal size on tree seedling growth Thuja accidentalis seedlings grow better in the charcoal-treated soil than in the non-treated soil. Especially Pinus koraiensis charcoal with good adsorption. brought the best growth result. The charcoal treatment also improved the height growth of transplanted Aesuculus turbinate seedling However charcoal sizes(i.e. powder and particle) did not affect the growth of the seedling. Also apple trees which had been suffering from rotten roots caused by root rot was recovered by application particle-sized charcoal.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.555-563
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• 2000

The study was conducted to evaluate the adsorption equilibrium of heavy metals on bone charcoal made of livestock bone which was sintered at $550{\sim}600^{\circ}C$. Analysis of bone charcoal by XRD and FT-IR showed that crystal structure was similar to that of synthetic hydroxyapatite. Adsorption equilibrium capacity of single component (Pb, Cd, and Zn) on bone charcoal could be expressed as Langmuir, Freundlich, and Sips equations. Sips isotherm was best among the three isotherms. The values predicted by IAST(ideal adsorbed solution theory) showed good relationship to the experimental data in multicomponent adsorption equilibrium. Adsorption affinity was in order of Pb, Cd, and Zn. The order was same in case of activated carbon or synthetic hydroxyapatite. Through the study results. it would be expected that bone charcoal made of livestock could be used in field of wastewater treatment plants as adsorbent to remove heavy metal.