• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제72권2호
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• pp.177-181
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• 2012

Activated charcoal is an inert substance and it is used in standard therapy in patients with acute intoxication. Charcoal has some side effects such as pulmonary aspiration, gastrointestinal complications, and electrolyte abnormalities. Although aspiration of charcoal is a rare complication, it can cause fatal sequelae. We report a 69-year old man who developed acute respiratory failure associated with charcoal aspiration after management of glyphosate poisoning. The patient was drowsy and suffered severe vomiting during transport to our hospital. On arrival, acute respiratory failure was observed due to charcoal aspiration, but the clinical state was improved with repeated bronchoscopy with a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). We presumed that the aspirated charcoal was an important factor in evoking a lung injury. Early bronchoscopy with a BAL might be an effective method for eliminating charcoal from the lung, especially in the case of a large amount of aspiration, and be helpful in decreasing respiratory failure due to charcoal aspiration.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.133-133
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of charcoal on germination and early growth of barley sprouts. Five treatments were employed based on different amount and treatment method along with control. Barley seeds were soaked in water for 8 hours. Two types of topping treatment were applied such as, charcoal: 100 g (designated as T1) and charcoal: 200 g (T2). Three kinds of mixing treatment were as follows: barley seeds were mixed with 100g of charcoal (designated as M1), with 200g of charcoal (M2), and with 300g of charcoal(M3). The control did not have any charcoal. In our finding, germination rates were observed 53.3% (control), 26.3%(T1), 36.3%(T2), 67.3%(M1), 81.7%(M2), and 79.7%(M3) at three days after inoculation (DAI). Length of radicle was found at 0.90 cm (control), 0.88 cm (T1), 0.99 cm (T2), 1.03cm (M1), 1.66 cm (M2), and 0.70 cm (M3) in 3 DAI. In addition, sprout length was found 4.5 cm (control), 10.4 cm (T1), 11.9 cm (T2), 5.7 cm (M1), 6.3 cm (M2), and 2.1 cm (M3) in 14 DAI. Fresh weight of sprouts were 0.78g (control), 1.03g (T1), 1.07g (T2), 0.96g (M1), 1.07g (M2), and 0.95g (M3). Among the treatment, topping of seeds on 200g of charcoal (T2) showed longest sprout length and fresh weight. Mixing treatments showed higher germination rates and sprout fresh weight. The results may be attributed to difference in micro-climate conditions (mostly temperature and humidity) in the growth boxes in different treatments.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2007

국내 전통식 탄화로에서 생산된 굴참나무(Quercus variabilis $B_{LUME}$)와 신갈나무(Quercus mongolica $F_{ISCH}$) 흑탄 및 백탄의 해부학적 특성을 주사전자현미경법으로 조사하였다. 흑탄 및 백탄 조재부 도관의 형태는 접선방향으로 수축하여 방사방향으로 긴 타원형을 나타내었으나, 다른 구성세포들의 형태와 구조적인 변형은 보이지 않았다. 만재부 도관은 접선방향으로의 수축은 관찰되지 않았으나, 백탄의 경우 인접세포들의 과도한 수축으로 인해 도관의 형태가 다소 찌그러지는 것이 관찰되었다. 또한 목섬유 부분은 과도한 수축에 의해 세포가 크게 변형된 것을 보여주고 있으며, 조재부도관 내 타일로시스는 백탄과 흑탄에서 모두 관찰되었다. 방사유세포는 세포벽이 상당히 얇아진 모습을 보여주었고, 변형도 심하게 나타났다. 또한 백탄의 경우에는 고온탄화에 의한 세포벽의 수축으로 유세포간 공극이 발생되었다. 단열방사조직과 광방사조직의 경우에는 고온 탄화에 의해 세포벽이 수축하면서 세포내강이 줄어드는 현상이 관찰되었다. 이러한 세포내강이 소실되는 현상은 탄화온도가 높은 백탄에서 자주 관찰되었다. 따라서 흑탄에 비해 백탄의 수율이 낮은 것은 목재성분의 일부 손실뿐만 아니라 탄화온도에 따라 구성세포 치수가 감소하기 때문으로 생각되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2007

탄화온도 차이에 따른 목질 탄화물의 중금속 흡착성 변화를 알아보기 위하여, 신갈나무(Quercus mongolica) 목부와 낙엽송(Larix kaempferi) 수피분말을 $400{\sim}900^{\circ}C$에서 탄화하였다. 목질 탄화물의 pH는 재료의 종류와 관계없이 탄화온도의 증가와 함께 증가하여 $900^{\circ}C$의 목탄 및 수피탄은 각각 10.8, 10.4를 나다내었다. 또한 탄화 온도 증가와 함께 탄소함량비가 증가하고 동일 탄화온도에서 목탄에 비해 수피탄의 탄소함량비가 큰 경향을 보였다. 액상흡착력을 나타내는 요오드흡착력은 목탄이 수피탄보다 다소 큰 경향을 나타내었다. 이러한 특성을 지닌 목탄과 수피탄에 의한 15ppm의 Cd, Zn 및 Cu 중금속용액에 대한 흡착제거율을 조사한 바, 높은 탄화온도에서 제조된 목탄과 수피탄일수록 높은 중금속제거율을 나타내었으며, 탄화물 종류에 있어서는 목탄이 수피탄 보다 높은 중금속 제거율을 나타내는 경향이 있었다. 특히 목탄의 경우, $500^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 제조된 탄화물 0.2 g의 사용으로 거의 100%에 가까운 제거율을 나타내었다. 한편 흡착질 종류에 있어서의 제거성능에는 다소 차이가 있으며, 본 연구에서 사용한 탄화물의 흡착성은 Cu>Cd>Zn 순으로 높았다. 이는 목탄과 같은 흡착제와 흡착의 대상이 되는 흡착질과의 물리 화학적 상호관계가 흡착에 영향을 주기 때문으로 목탄의 흡착효율을 높이기 위해서는 이에 대한 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Carbon letters
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2015

The breakthrough behaviour of activated charcoal cloth samples against an oxygen analogue (OA) of sulphur mustard has been studied using the modified Wheeler equation. Activated charcoal cloth samples having different surface area values in the range of 481 to $1290m^2/g$ were used for this purpose. Breakthrough behaviour was found to depend on the properties of the activated charcoal cloth, properties of the OA and the adsorption conditions. Activated charcoal cloth with a high surface area of $1290m^2/g$, relatively large surface density of $160g/m^2$ and coarser fiber structure exhibited better kinetic saturation capacity value, 0.19 g/g, against OA vapours when compared to others, thus confirming its potential use in foldable masks for protection against chemical warfare agents.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.461-467
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• 2000

After analyzing the datas to propose the rightful recognition and research direction for the long used charcoal, the following conclusions are obtained. 1. The 'soot' is pure Korean which has the meaning of 'fresh power' and is translated in English as charcoal which is composition of china and cool meaning good. 2. The main dispositions of the charcoal are 85% of carbon, 10% of water, 4% of minerals and 2% of essential so that the understanding of properties and effects of carbon are essential. 3. It is usually appeared that there are purifying and detoxifying effects of the woods and the room in practical use of charcoal. 4. In everyday life, it removes the odors, regulates the humidity and prevents the decaying. 5. It is often used medically for activating liver fuctions, regulating digestive fuctions and for diseases with inflammations, fever or bleeding. 6. The charcoal is used in medical treatment internally as well as externally. Above conclusions shows that the objective research is needed for clinical use considering the physical and chemical properties in future.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2006년도 PAN PACIFIC CONFERENCE vol.2
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• pp.455-458
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• 2006

The oak and pine charcoal were used to develop the internal packaging raw material for maintaining the freshness of vegetables and fruits, and to investigate the possibility in the application for pulp mold packaging. The effects of the charcoal type, species, particle size, and grammage on the adsorption efficiency of ethylene gas were studied. White charcoal has superior ethylene gas adsorption performance to those of black charcoal. Pine charcoal was superior to oak charcoal in the ethylene gas adsorption. Higher gas adsorption was obtained by the higher grammage sheet. The difference in the adsorption efficiency was not significant between ONP and KOCC.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.280-286
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• 2021

The objective of this study was to prove the effect of pig slurry application with charcoal on nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), feed value and ammonia (NH₃) emission from maize forage. The four treatments were applied: 1) non-pig slurry (only water as a control), 2) only pig slurry application (PS), 3) pig slurry application with large particle charcoal (LC), 4) pig slurry application with small particle charcoal (SC). The pig slurry was applied at a rate of 150 kg N ha^-1, and the charcoal was applied at a rate of 300 kg ha-1 regardless of the size. To determine the feed value of maize, crude protein, dry matter intake, digestible dry matter, total digestible nutrient, and relative feed value were investigated. All feed value was increased by charcoal treatment compared to water and PS treatment. Also, the NUE for plant N was significantly higher in charcoal treatments (LC and SC) compared to PS treatment. On the other hand, there is no significant difference for feed value and NUE between LC and SC. The NH₃ emission was significantly reduced 15.2% and 27.9% by LC and SC, respectively, compared to PS. Especially, SC significantly decreased NH₃ emission by 15% compared to LC. The present study clearly showed that charcoal application exhibited positive potential in nitrogen use efficiency, feed value and reducing N losses through NH₃ emission.

• 임산에너지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2001

국내 주요 간벌목과 목질재료 탄화물 중 성능면과 자원면을 고려하여 선정한 수 토양개량시험을 실시하여, 이들 목질폐잔재 탄화물들이 토양개량제로서의 효과와 토양개량과 관련하여 입자크기에 따른 효과에 관하여 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 서양측백 파종실험에서 토양에 목탄을 처리한 것이 무처리구보다 좋은 성장을 나타냈으며 그 중 흡착성이 좋은 잣나무탄이 가장 좋은 처리효과를 나타냈다. 칠엽수 이식실험에서도 무처리보다 목탄을 처리한 것이 좋은 길이성장을 보였다. 또한 파종 및 이식실험에서 입자의 크기에 따른 성장량의 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 사과나무 문우병에 의한 뿌리썩음 때문에 쇠약해진 사과나무에 목탄을 시용하여 수세회복의 효과를 얻었다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.555-563
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• 2000

The study was conducted to evaluate the adsorption equilibrium of heavy metals on bone charcoal made of livestock bone which was sintered at $550{\sim}600^{\circ}C$. Analysis of bone charcoal by XRD and FT-IR showed that crystal structure was similar to that of synthetic hydroxyapatite. Adsorption equilibrium capacity of single component (Pb, Cd, and Zn) on bone charcoal could be expressed as Langmuir, Freundlich, and Sips equations. Sips isotherm was best among the three isotherms. The values predicted by IAST(ideal adsorbed solution theory) showed good relationship to the experimental data in multicomponent adsorption equilibrium. Adsorption affinity was in order of Pb, Cd, and Zn. The order was same in case of activated carbon or synthetic hydroxyapatite. Through the study results. it would be expected that bone charcoal made of livestock could be used in field of wastewater treatment plants as adsorbent to remove heavy metal.