• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.28
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• pp.265-265
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• 2001

The perceptual presentation of interior design is to represent an interior space planned by a designer as if people see it in reality. The perceptual presentation methods that have developed are perspectives, full-scale models, small-scale models, photography of models, video taping of models, computer images, computer animation, and virtual reality. The purpose of this study is to investigate limits of those perceptual presentation methods according to their characteristics. The methods have characteristics that are either static or dynamic and either monoscopic or stereoscopic. In terms of representing interior spaces and perceiving interior spaces, the dynamic characteristic is more helpful than the static characteristic because the dynamic characteristic provides consecutively changing views of interior spaces when people walk around within the spaces. The stereoscopic characteristic is more helpful than the monoscopic characteristic because the stereoscopic characteristic provides the binocular depth perception. Full-scale models, small-scale models, virtual reality that have dynamic and stereoscopic characteristics, are most effective. The next effective methods are video taping of models and computer animation that have dynamic and monoscopic characteristics. The last effective methods are perspectives and photography of models that have static and monoscopic characteristics. But the most effective methods can not be said that those are perfect because each of them still has limits. Designers have to consider the limits of each perceptual presentation method to find a way that shows their designs most effectively. To develop the perceptual presentation methods of interior design, researchers should focus on the helpful characteristics that are dynamic and stereoscopic.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.367-370
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• 2005

This paper proposes a novel method for content-based watermarking based on feature points of an image. At each feature point, watermark is embedded after affine normalization according to the local characteristic scale and orientation. The characteristic scale is the scale at which the normalized scale-space representation of an image attains a maximum value, and the characteristic orientation is the angle of the principal axis of an image. By binding watermarking with the local characteristics of an image, resilience against affine transformations can be obtained. Experimental results show that the proposed method is robust against various image processing steps including affine transformations, cropping, filtering, and JPEG compression.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.668-671
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• 2000

An aerostatic stage has frictionless behavior, so it has a advantage of investigation into driven mechanism such as ballscrew. In this paper, fur investigating positioning characteristic of ballscrew and feedback device in aerostatic stage, we compare the positioning characteristic between full-closed(laser scale) and semi-closed(encoder) system. Experimental results show that the aerostatic stage has a 10nm micro step response and repeatability is improved up to 1.00${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ using laser scale. We confirm the laser scale compensate error motion of ballscrew, so acquire 1.12${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ positioning accuracy.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.29
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• pp.265-272
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• 2001

The perceptual presentation of interior design is to represent an interior space planned by a designer as if people see it in reality. The perceptual presentation methods that have developed are perspectives, full-scathe models, small-scale models, photography of models, video taping of models, computer images, computer animation, and virtual reality. The purpose of this study is to investigate limits of those perceptual presentation methods according to their characteristics. The methods have characteristics that are either static or dynamic and either monoscopic or stereoscopic. In terms of representing interior spaces and perceiving interior spaces, the dynamic characteristic is more helpful than the static characteristic because the dynamic characteristic provides consecutively changing views of interior spaces when people walk around within the spaces. The stereoscopic characteristic is more helpful than the monoscopic characteristic because the stereoscopic characteristic provides the binocular depth perception. Full-scale models, small-scale models, virtual reality that have dynamic and stereoscopic characteristics, are most effective. The next effective methods are video taping of models and computer animation that have dynamic and monoscopic characteristics. The last effective methods are perspectives and photography each of models that haute static and monoscopic characteristics. But the most effective methods can nut be said that those are perfect because each of them still has limits. Designers have to consider the limits of each perceptual presentation method to find a way that shows their designs most effectively. To develop the perceptual presentation methods of interior design, researchers should focus on the helpful characteristics that are dynamic and stereoscopic.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2015.12a
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• pp.287-289
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• 2015

Meso-scale combustion is defined as combustion phenomena within limited characteristic length scales that are comparable with the laminar flame length scales. In the laminar flame theory, four representative length scales have been involved; i.e., a reaction layer thickness, a thermal layer thickness, a quenching distance, and a Markstein length. When the effects of these length scales on the flame characteristics are understood, the laminar flame theories can be clarified. Therefore, a study on the meso-scale combustion phenomena should not be thought as just a specific phenomena occurring in an exceptional combustion condition. Instead, all combustion phenomena within meso-scale spaces need to be explained by our knowledge. During this challenge, our understanding on laminar flame structures can be extended. Considering that most turbulent combustion phenomena in engineering application are still have local laminar flame structures, studies on laminar flame structures need to be re-visited especially in academic aspects.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.1905-1913
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• 2011

The dynamic characteristic of bogie that is driving system of railway vehicle is very important regarding decision of vehicle characteristics as running safety and comport. The dynamic characteristic test of bogie is tested on full size in place on field testing on track. But, the testing on the full size caused many problems. To overcome these problem by full size test, the Railway Safety Research Center in Seoul National University of Science & Technology developed 1/5 scale size of small scale derailment simulator and is currently testing running stability of 1/5 scaled bogie. Also To take effectively advantage of running stability test using small scale derailment simulator in actuality design and reliability estimation, it is necessary comparison and examination with field test and theoretical analysis result In this paper. to achieve running stability analysis of 1/5 scaled bogie on small scale derailment. the program using MATLAB that is fast compose and analysis the motion equation of Saemaul power bogie is developed. It is achieved analysis according to various specification (weight, size, suspension, etc..) and is evaluated corelation between test result and dynamic characteristic of actual railway vehicle.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.47-54
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• 2010

This study is analyze the damage of warehouse fire accident be made through the fire characteristic database of combustibles and real scale fire test of warehouse mock-up. Combustibles fire tests are carried out for database using RCT (Room Corner Tester) to predict fire growth the goods. A mockup ($3m{\times}3m{\times}2.4m$) of clothes warehouse was built and real scale fire test by LSC (Large Scale Calorimeter) base on the fire characteristic DB. The mock-up of clothes warehouse is made of two type sandwich panels (Glass wool, EPS foam sandwich panel). As a mock-up test result, test 1 (Glass wool sandwich panel) and test 2 (EPS foam sandwich panel) indicating fire growth such as 5 MW, 11 MW of maximum HRR (Heat Release Rate).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.191-197
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• 2006

Prepare need in each branch for a large scale event. especially prepare for transportation problem is very important. most research for until at now parking prepare according city management however, parking prepare for large event is a necessity which it will parking characteristic. accordingly this research is conducted study for parking prepare subject of large event. this study result, vehicle demand for parking by stadium have many but vehicle demand for parking off stadium have few. accordingly large parking supply is ineffective. shuttle bus service in principal position of city is effective. study result showed that it included 85% parking at 6~7hour before large event start time. accordingly disposition time of parking manager is desirable 6~7hour before large event start time.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.162-169
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was to compare the predictive validity of Norton Scale(1962), Cubbin & Jackson Scale(1991), and Song & Choi Scale(1991). Method: Data were collected three times per week from 48~72hours after admission based on the four pressure sore risk assessment scales and a skin assessment tool for pressure sore on 112 intensive care unit(ICU) patients in a educational hospital Ulsan during Dec, 11, 2000 to Feb, 10, 2001. Four indices of validity and area under the curve(AUC) of receiver operating characteristic(ROC) were calculated. Result: Based on the cut off point presented by the developer, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value were as follows : Norton Scale : 97%, 18%, 35%, 93% respectively; Cubbin & Jackson Scale : 89%, 61%, 51%, 92%, respectively; and Song & Choi Scale : 100%, 18%, 36%, 100% respectively. Area under the curves(AUC) of receiver operating characteristic(ROC) were Norton Scale .737, Cubbin & Jackson Scale .826, Song & Choi Scale .683. Conclusion: The Cubbin & Jackson Scale was found to be the most valid pressure sore risk assessment tool. Further studies on patients with chronic conditions may be helpful to validate this finding.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.18-28
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• 1996

This study was carried out to explore the direction of job involvement of public health nurses and explore the way for improving services of public health center in Korea. The subjects were consisted of 164 nurses who were working at public health centers in Chonbuk. The data were collected by self-reporting questionnaire from Jan. 15 to Jan. 27, 1996. The instrument used in this study was Likert-type scale which Job Involvement Scale developed by Kanungo. The questionnaires of organizational and job characteristic were made through reviewing literatures. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient with SPSSPC+ program. Major findings were as follows : 1. Mean scores for job involvement were 3.0879 on a 5 point scale. 2. In the personal variables, professional experience(t=-2.18, p=.031), position(t=2.34, p=.021), and age(F=-1.94, p=.038) were statistically significant in job involvement. 3. The variables to job characteristic were statistically significant in job involvement: job challenge (r=.4785, p=.000), role ambiguity (r=-.3141, p=.000), task significance (r=.2714, p=.000), and role conflict(r=-.2166, p=.003). 4. The variables to organizational characteristic were statistically significant in job involvement : formalization(r=.3184, p=.000) and human centered organizational characteristic (r=.2450, p=.001).