• 식물분류학회지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.166-169
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• 2023

Carex brevispicula (Cyperaceae) is endemic to Korea and is characterized by constricted achenes, short lateral spikes, and awned staminate and pistillate scales. The species classified in sect. Mitratae occurs throughout South Korea, perennating on mountains and/or rocky slopes under half shadow conditions. Meiotic chromosomes of the species were examined in this study, in which 33 meiotic cells from seven populations were found to be less than 2 ㎛ long with non-constricted chromosomes (n = 34_II). The stable chromosome number may be related to the narrow geographical distribution and/or distinct achene morphology. Further investigations of the distribution, morphological character variation, and chromosome characteristics should be conducted with closely related taxa to understand the derivation of the species and its endemism in Korea.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.55-65
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• 1991

The study was performed to select a adaptable tree species under stressed field conditions where there are a industrial plants operating with a number of smoke stacks emitting pollutants, such as hydrogen fluoride and sulfur dioxide. As a result of the study, a tree species selected are due to construct a forest belt in a zones near industrial plants to reduce the concentrations of air pollutants. The concentrations of atmospheric hydrogen fluoride and sulfur dioxide were very higher at experimental sites near industrial plants (air-pollution sites) than at control site. The leaves of 7 tree species grown at air pollution sites contained more sulfur and, specially, fluorine than at those control site. Among the tested tree species, Ligustrum japonicum Thunb. and Euonymus japonica Thunb. grown at air pollution sites did not at all break out a foliar injury but appeared to be healthy, as well as those grown at control site. Acer pseudo-sieboldianum Kom., Pinus virginiana Mill., Larix leptolepis Gordon., Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc., Pinus strobus L., Picea abies Karst and Ligustrum obtusifolium Sieb. et Zucc., however, showed a severe fluoride-type foliar injury such as necrosis on tip or margin of leaves, etc. Fluorine found in leaves was proved to be correlated to sulfur found in leaves whereas index of foliar injury hadn't a good correlation to pollutants found in leaves. It appears that Euonymus japonica Thunb., Ligustrum japonica Thunb., Platanus acerifolia Willd, Chamaecyparis pisifera Endl., Populus tomentiglandulosa T. Lee and Sophora japonica L. grown at both experimental sites had a high value of percent survival whereas Pinus virginiana Mill., Pinus koraiensis Sib. et Zucc., Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. and Alnus hirsuta Rupr. had an extremely low value of that. In comparison with control site, the percent tree height increments in Chamaecyparis pisifera Endl., Ligustrum japonicum Thunb., Quercus acutissima Carruth., Populus tomentiglandulosa T. Lee, Pinus thunbergii Parl and Euonymus japonica Thunb. and the percent upmost root diameters in Populus tomentiglandulosa T. Lee, Chamaecyparis pisifera Endl., Euonymus japonica Thunb., Ligustrum japonicum Thunb., Betula platyphylla var. japonica Hara and Pinus thunbergii Parl. cultivated at air polluted sites showed very high value above 90%, respectively. A significant negative correlation (r=-0.662) was recognized between the index of foliage injury and the percent collective character, which was the mean of tree characters such as percent survival, percent tree height increment and percent upmost root diameter increment which compared to those at air polluted site with those at control site. Based on the percent collective character Ligustrum japonicum Thunb., Euonymus japonica Thunb., Chamaecyparis pisifera Endl., Populus tomentiglandlosa T. Lee, Betula platyphyla var. japonica Hara and Platanus occidentalis L. have large value about 90%, respectively. Therefore, the results indicate that this tree species are adaptable species in air polluted regions. For better understanding of the adaptable tree species, furthur studies concerning the effects of various air pollutants on the tree growth are required.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.126-132
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• 2012

A new monstrilloid species belonging to the genus $Cymbasoma$ is described as a preliminary result from nocturnal surveys using a light trap on the east and south coasts of South Korea. Monstrilloid copepods are first recorded in South Korea. $Cymbasoma$ $striifrons$ n. sp. resembles $C.$ $striatum$ (Isaac, 1974) and $C.$ $tumorifrons$ Isaac, 1975 in sharing the character combination of transverse striations on forehead, somewhat small body (generally slightly less or longer than 1 mm), single lobed leg 5 bearing a short medial seta in female, and smooth lateral margin of anal somite without notch and wrinkles. However, $C.$ $striifrons$ n. sp. differs from $C.$ $striatum$ by relatively short and swollen cephalothorax, and rather strongly wrinkled genital somite. $Cymbasoma$ $striifrons$ n. sp. is also distinguished from $C.$ $tumorifrons$ in lacking a rounded protuberance on anterior margin of ventral surface and by relatively short cephalothorax and the number of ventral nipple-like processes on cephalothorax. Herein the new species is described and illustrated, with some comments on the morphological comparison with its allied species.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2020

Larvae, pupae, and adults reared from the pupae of Simulium (Boreosimulium) konoi were collected and recorded from Korea for the first time. I provide detailed descriptions of both immatures and adults accompanied with photographs. The subgenus Boreosimulium, previously unknown from Korea, contains 19 species in 3 species-groups worldwide and only 2 species, viz, S. (B.) konoi and S. (B.) tokachiense, are recorded from Japan. Simulium konoi is unique among the members of the subgenus by having water dropshaped denticles on the anterior portion of the cibarium in females, which is considered as an autapomorphic character so far not found in other black flies, W or inverted V-shaped ventral plate of male genitalia, and larval thorax and abdominal segments covered with short black setae. Korean specimens of S. konoi collected from two adjacent localities can readily be recognized by denticles on the cibarium in females and well-developed ventral plate of male genitalia but showed geographical variation, e.g., lacking ventral tubercle on larval abdominal segment IX. Due to the autapomorphy and other characters found in S. konoi, the current placement of the S. konoi in the subgenus Boreosimulium or species-group assignment is tentative.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.335-344
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• 1998

Percicarp anatomy of Fagophrum was examined on the basis of 12 species and two subspecies to contribute to a better understanding of specific phylogenetic relationship within genus. Examined species have a similar mature pericarp structure, but differences among the species are found with respect to whether or not sclerotic cells are present, and what kind of is the sclerotic cell shape in theexocarp. By the comparisons with pericarp anatomical structure, they are classified into three groups. First clade is composed of F. esculentum , F. esculentum ssp. ancestralis and F. homotropicum ; second clade is consisted of F. tataricum, F. tataricum ssp. potanini and Fl cymosum ; third clade is composed of f. callianthum,F. capillatum, F. gracilipes, F. leptopodum, F.lineare, F. pleioramosum, F.statice and F.urophyllum. The phylogey based on pericarp characters was considerably consistent with ones proposed by previous authors. It also suggested that pericarp characters are useful informatino for deduceing phylogenetic phylogenetic realtionship within geneus Fagopyrum. On the other hand, morphological character evolution indicated that there are tow synapomorphies in genus. There,it was suggested that these species having selfing and homostylous characters are evolved form heterostylous and ourcrossing species.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2007년도 추계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.647-651
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• 2007

어느 순간부터 게임은 한 기종의 타이틀로 발매되기 보다는 멀티 플랫폼으로 발매되기 시작하였다. PS(Play Station)나 XBOX와 같은 경쟁기종의 경우에 '파이널 판타지' 나 '기어 오브 워' 등의 대표작이 있다. 하지만 게임의 타이틀이 멀티 플랫폼으로 제작되기 시작하였고 이는 게임의 제작비 상승에 따른 위험을 최소화하기 위한 게임 개발자들의 선택으로 많은 게임이 멀티 플랫폼으로 제작되고 있는 단계이다. 본 연구는 이러한 멀티 플랫폼 환경에서 게임 캐릭터 개발 방법에 관하여 멀티 플랫폼의 개요와 멀티 플랫폼 환경에서의 게임캐릭터를 분석 및 사례제안을 통하여 멀티 플랫폼에 대한 방향을 제시를 위한 기초 자료로 활용하고자 한다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.11-25
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• 1999

가시톡토기 과에서 분류학적으로 문제되는 2아속 3종의 유연관계를 밝히기 위해 형태형질 및 효소유전자분석을 실시하였다. 형태형질분석과 효소의 분석에서 서로 다른 계통수가 만들어졌다. 형태형질분석에서는 아속간에 분리가 이루어지지 않았으나 효소분석의 경우 아속간에 확실히 구분되었으며 유전적 차이도 매우 컸다. 그러나 이들 계통수들은 distance method나 분지분석방법에서 모두 같은 분지순서를 나타냈는데 특히 형태형질분석의 경우에 형질평가방법과 형질비평가 방법을 사용했음에도 불구하고 결과는 같았다. 본 연구 결과 어떤 중요한 형태적인 형질이 효소분석에서 처럼 유전적 분화를 나타내면 강렬한 분류형질이 될 수 있다고 생각된다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.145-161
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• 2015

This research was conducted in order to understand the hybridization between Quercus aliena Blume and Q. serrata Murray in Korea which show wide range of morphological variations within species and interspecific variations of diverse overlapping characteristics caused by hybridization. Morphological analysis (principal components analysis; PCA) of 116 individuals representing two species and their intermediates were performed. As a result, two species were clearly distinguished in terms of morphology, and intermediate morpho-types assumed to be hybrids between the two species were mostly located in the middle of each parent species in the plot of the principal components analysis. There was a clear distinction between two species in trichome distribution pattern which is an important diagnostic character in taxonomy of genus Quercus, whereas intermediate morpho-types showed intermediate state between two species' trichome distributions. Forty-two individuals representing two species and their intermediates were examined for leaf flavonoid constituents. Twenty-three flavonoid compounds were isolated and identified: They were glycosylated derivatives of flavonols, kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin and myricetin. The flavonoid constituents of Q. aliena were five glycosylated derivatives: kaempferol 3-O-galactoside, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-galactoside, quercetin 3-O-glucoside, and Isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside. The flavonoid constituents of Q. serrata had 20 diverse flavonol compounds including five flavonoid compounds found in Q. aliena. It was found that there is a clear difference in flavonoid constituents of Q. aliena and Q. serrata. Flavonoid chemistry is very useful in recognizing each species and putative hybrids. The flavonoid constituents of intermediates were a mixture of the two species' constituents and they generally showed similar characteristics to morpho-types. The hybrids between Q. aliena and Q. serrata showed morphologically and chemically diverse characteristics and it is assumed that there are frequent interspecific hybridization and introgression.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.194-201
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• 1996

To develop a method appropriate for mass production in a factory, we manufactured soy sauce with Bacillus species SSA3-2M1 and fused ST723-F31 at $30^{\circ}C$ with aeration of 1/3 vvm for 40 days. The flavor components extracted from the manufactured soy sauce were fractionated to neutral, acidic, basic and phenolic fraction and identified by GC-mass. Among the 60 kinds of identified flavor components, 16 and 23 components were detected in traditional Korean soy sauce and soybean paste, respectively. There were three peak regions that smelled like soy sauce with the GC sniffing test of flavor components and 2, 6-dimethyl pyrazine, benzaldehyde, 2-methoxy phenol, phenol and benzeneethanol which were identified as character impact compounds of traditional Korean soy sauce and soybean paste were identified in the region that smelled like soy sauce. It is therefore considered possible to achieve mass production of soy sauce with standard quality by Bacillus species SSA3-2M1 and fused ST723-F31 in the factory.

• 식물병연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2001

남부 시설재배지에서 서식하는 뿌리혹선충의 종류와 race를 조사하고 그들에 대한 간이동정법을 제시하였다. 남부 시설재배지에는 Meloidogyne arenaria race 2(59%), M. incognita race 1(23%), M. incognita 미동정 race(18%)가 분포하고 있었음, 우점종은 땅콩뿌리혹선충(M. arenaria) race 2 였다. 유충의 길이는 M. arenaria가 411$\mu\textrm{m}$(306-503$\mu\textrm{m}$), M. incognitark 384$\mu\textrm{m}$(312-488$\mu\textrm{m}$)로 두 종의 범위가 겹치고 있어 종 동정에 참고하기 어려웠으며, M. arenaria와 M. incognita의 종 동정에 가장 쉽게 이용할수 있는 특징은 암컷의 머리에 있는 Excretory pore 위치였다.