• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

In this study, 160 tea tree (Camellia sinensis L.) lines were classified by caffeine content using colorimetric methods. Among them, caffeine-rich lines (HR-78, HR-137, HR-82 and HR-123) and poor lines (HP-85, HP-88, HP-19, and HP-131) were selected. To know the difference in morphological and genetic characters between caffeine-rich and poor lines, we used leaf/shoot growth and RAPD methods. Cluster pattern of morphological characters (leaf width, leaf length, leaf area and shoot length) showed that shoot length was longer in caffein-rich lines than in -poor lines. In genetic analysis, amplified DNA bands having various sizes were detected in RAPD analysis where 30 random primers were used. However, the discriminated primer set that distinguish caffein-rich tree line from -poor lines was not found. These results can be used as the basic data to determine the morphological and genetic differences among caffein-rich and -poor lines.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제29권
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• pp.233-256
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• 2012

This paper aims to look into various symbolic meanings of the body shown in the film, Avatar (2009, James Cameron), and to ponder over a variety of media strategies carried by the pursuit of the corporality shown in this film. In a nutshell, the body in Avatar is a symbol of primitiveness rather than civilization, and the body language is a fundamental and effective means of communication much better than verbal language. A variety of physical contacts that appeared in many scenes of the movie emphasizes the role of the body as a means of real communication. Also, in the composition of the film dominated by the confrontation of civilization, numerous creatures in the planet Pandora with a variety of colors as well as a number of agencies and large body sizes express primitive richness. The narrative of the film telling the story of a 'moving' body ultimately emphasizes the superiority of the body with respect to consciousness, unlike the narrative of conventional movies dealing with the problems of the body. In addition, the corporality pursued by this film implies several important media strategies. It may reveal a self-reflection of the material civilization and the imperialism, or, on the contrary, an attempt to conceal or dilute them. It may also represent a self-reflection of the overdeveloped media technology, or simply the dilution of it. Finally, it may be an attempt to recover the feeling of "presence", not fully supported by the 3D technology, by the identification of the spectator's body and the character's body.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.220-228
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• 2022

Image always carry useful information, detecting a text from scene images is imperative. The proposed work's purpose is to recognize scene text image, example boarding image kept on highways. Scene text detection on highways boarding's plays a vital role in road safety measures. At initial stage applying preprocessing techniques to the image is to sharpen and improve the features exist in the image. Likely, morphological operator were applied on images to remove the close gaps exists between objects. Here we proposed a two phase algorithm for extracting and recognizing text from scene images. In phase I text from scenery image is extracted by applying various image preprocessing techniques like blurring, erosion, tophat followed by applying thresholding, morphological gradient and by fixing kernel sizes, then canny edge detector is applied to detect the text contained in the scene images. In phase II text from scenery image recognized using MSER (Maximally Stable Extremal Region) and OCR; Proposed work aimed to detect the text contained in the scenery images from popular dataset repositories SVT, ICDAR 2003, MSRA-TD 500; these images were captured at various illumination and angles. Proposed algorithm produces higher accuracy in minimal execution time compared with state-of-the-art methodologies.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.189-194
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• 2004

Amylase isozyme based three multivoltine viz., N+p, Np, N+ $p^{cho}$ and two bivoltine-D6+p, D6p syngenic lines (Syn. L) were developed from germplasm (GP) stocks Nistari (N) and D6 respectively. haemolymph isozyme pattern at pH 7.0 and 8.5 depicted a total 11 number (Am $y_{1 to 6}$ at pH 7.0 and Am $y^{l to 5}$ at pH 8.5) of native proteins (NP) of various sizes are amylase isozyme expressers. Among eleven NPs, two NPs of 770 kDa (Am $y^{6}$ at pH 7.0) and 376 kDa (Am $y^3$ at pH 8.5) are $\alpha$-amylase expressers and remaining NPs of 370, 364, 350, 329 and 274 kDa at pH 7.0 and 206, 292, 416, 725 kDa at pH 8.5 are $\beta$-amylase expressers. Accordingly, digestive juice amylase isozyme pattern at aforesaid pH also depicted a total number of 10 NPs (Am $y^{1 to 5}$) at each pH 7.0 and 8.5 are amylase expressers of which NP of 387 kDa (Am $y^4$ at pH 7.0) and 780 kDa (Am $y^{5}$ at pH 8.5) are a-amylase expresser. Remaining NPs of 338,297 ＆ 216 kDa at pH 7.0 and 370, 341, 329 ＆302 kDa at pH 8.5 are $\beta$-amylase expresser. Recurrent backcross lines (RBL) viz., N+pRBL and NpRBL were developed through introgression of high shell weight character (a multigenic trait) to be used further for congenic line (Con. L) development and to understand any association with introgressed character. Isozyme pattern in haemolymph of RBLs depicted only one $\alpha$-amylase of 770 kDa at pH 7.0 and 376 kDa at pH 8.0 with three and four respective $\beta$-amylase bands but in bivoltine lines numbers of $\beta$-amylase bands vary between 1 to 2 at aforesaid pH. Variability was also observed in digestive juice of multivolitine and its RBLs but bivoltine lines express null activity at both pH except appearance of one very week $\alpha$-amylase band D6+p at pH 8.5. Overall study suggests that not a single NP at both pH is common for expression of any band of amylase isozyme i.e., a totally different set of proteins are the amylase isozyme expresser at specific pH and no molecular factor of amylase is associated in developed RBLs which showed improvement on survival, single cocoon shell weight (SCSW) and single filament length over receptor parents.s.s.s.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제10B권4호
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• pp.443-450
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• 2003

본 논문은 영문 명함의 다해상도 영상을 이용한 계층적 영살 처리를 통해 문자를 추출하고 개선된 신경망 기법을 이용하여 문자를 인식하는 새로운 계층적 명함 인식 알고리즘을 제안하였다 계층적 인식 알고리즘은 명함 인식 과정을 구성하는 각 처리 단계별로 처리 시간을 단축함과 동시에 성능 향상을 위해 입력된 명함 영상을 해상도가 서로 다른 영상들로 분리하여 적용한다. 우선 1/3배 축소 영상에 가로 스미어링 기법을 적용하여 명함 영상 내에서 문자들을 포함하는 문자열 영역을 추출하고, 문자열 영역으로부터 개별 문자를 추출하기 위하여 1/2배 축소 영상에 새로 스미어링 및 윤곽선 추적 마스킹을 적용한다. 마지막으로 추출된 문자를 인식하기 위해서 문자의 형태학적 특성을 그대로 가지고 있는 원 영상을 사용하며, 다양한 형태를 가진 명함상의 문자를 인식하기 위해 ART1 기반의 개선된 RBF 네트워크를 제안하고 인식 과정에 적용하였다 제안된 인식 알고리즘을 실제 영문 명함 영상에 적용하여 실험한 결과, 기존의 방법과 비교하여 문자 추출 및 인식 성능이 크게 향상됨을 확인하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.723-728
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• 2006

The species of Grateloupia filicina, Grateloupia divaricata in East Sea were investigated taxonmically in order to clarify taxonomic position. The ecological character, external morphology, anatomy of vegetative structure. Blade length are $15{\sim}40\;cm$, erect from discoidal holdfast of $3{\sim}10\;mm$ in diameter. Stipe $1{\sim}2.5\;cm$ long, narrowly cylindrical below, compressed above Grateloupia filicina. Main axis are long and compressed, $3{\sim}7\;mm$ broad in broadest part. Colors are scarlet to light red. Blade length are $10{\sim}25\;cm$, erect from discoidal holdfast of $3{\sim}8\;cm$ in diameter Grateloupia divaricata. Stipe are single and simple $2{\sim}5\;mm$ broad. Thallus composed of cortex and medulla in section ; cortex composed of $9{\sim}10$ layers of anticlinally arranged cortical cell, divided into outer, middle and inner parts. Partial fragments of nuclear 18S rDNAs from the two species of Grateloupia (Rhodophyta) were amplified using the PCR reaction and sequenced to compare their similarity. The partial sequences showed 98.9% similarity each other. Grateloupia filicina has 371 bp sizes and Grateloupia divaricata has 372 bp size. The G+C contents of Grateloupia filicina is 54.3% and Grateloupia divaricata is 53.64%.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.580-587
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• 2006

최근에 PDA, IMT-2000, e-Book 등이 보편화되면서 이러한 기기들을 사용하는 사용자의 수가 크게 증가하고 있다. 그러나 아직도 사용 가능한 메모리의 크기는 데스크톱 컴퓨터에 비해 상당히 적은 편이다. 이런 제품들에서, 트루타입 폰트는 품질 좋은 글꼴을 요구하는 사용자들이 증가함에 따라 수요가 증가하고 있으며, Windows CE를 탐재한 제품들에서는 기본적으로 사용되고 있다. 하지만 트루타입 폰트의 크기는 PDA와 e-Book과 같은 적은 메모리를 가진 제품들의 상당히 많은 공간을 차지하게 된다. 그러므로 트루타입 폰트외 크기를 줄이려는 노력이 요구된다. 본 논문은 트루타입 폰트에 내장된 비트맵 데이타(EBDT) 중에 한글 부분만을 줄이기 위해 2 단계의 압축과정을 거친다. 1 단계에서는 비트맵을 초성, 중성, 종성의 형태로 분리하여 합성 비트맵으로 구성하고, 2 단계에서는 분리된 각각의 비트맵들의 중복을 조사하여 제거하게 된다. 본 논문은 한글 완성형과 조합형 트루타입에 내장된 비트맵을 압축하였으며, 완성형 폰트의 경우 35%, 조합형 폰트의 경우 7%의 압축률을 보인다. 또한 완성형 트루타입의 경우 전체 트루타입 폰트의 9.26%의 압축률을 보인다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2015

Ceramic foams are prepared as positive images corresponding to a plastic foam structure which exhibits high porosities (85-90%). This structure makes the ceramic foams attractive as a catalyst in a dry reforming process, because it could reduce a high pressure drop problem. This problem causes low mass and heat transfers in the process. Furthermore, the reactants would shortly contact to catalyst surface, thus low conversion could occur. Therefore, this research addressed the preparation of dry reforming catalysts using a sol-gel catalyst preparation via a polymeric sponge method. The specific objectives of this work are to investigate the effects of polymer foam structure (such as porosity, pore sizes, and cell characteristics) on a catalyst performance and to observe the influences of catalyst preparation parameters to yield a replica of the original structure of polymeric foam. To accomplish these objectives industrial waste foams, polyurethane (PU) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) foams, were used as a polymeric template. Results indicated that the porosity of the polyurethane and polyvinyl alcohol foams were about 99% and 97%. Their average cell sizes were approximate 200 and 50 micrometres, respectively. The cell characteristics of polymer foams exhibited the character of a high permeability material that can be able to dip with ceramic slurry, which was synthesized with various viscosities, during a catalyst preparation step. Next, morphology of ceramic foams was explored using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and catalyst properties, such as; temperature profile of catalyst reduction, metal dispersion, and surface area, were also characterized by $H_2-TPR$ and $H_2-TPD$ techniques, and BET, respectively. From the results, it was found that metal-particle dispersion was relatively high about 5.89%, whereas the surface area of ceramic foam catalysts was $64.52m^2/g$. Finally, the catalytic behaviour toward hydrogen production through the dry reforming of methane using a fixed-bed reactor was evaluated under certain operating conditions. The approaches from this research provide a direction for further improvement of marketable environmental friendly catalyst production.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.34-46
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to research buying behavior and home fashion preferences based on housing size. The target consumers were Korean women, aged 20~40s who reside in the Seoul & Kyunggido areas. We distributed questionnaires to 650 women. However, only 600 questionnaires were used for the statistical analysis. Data analyses were conducted with SPSS program on the frequency, Chi-square test, cluster analysis, t-test and ANOVA. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The considering factors for purchasing such as brand, trends coordinating existing furnishings with new products and functionality were significantly associated with housing size. The buyers who reside in bigger size homes. over 40 pyung place higher value on brand name, trends. or coordinating existing furnishing with new products than residents in smaller units. However, women who live in smaller units place higher value on functionality when purchasing home fashion products. Considering factors such as brand, trend, and materials were also significantly associated with segmented age group; 40~49 age group considered brand, trend, and materials more than 20~29 age group. The group who are highly interested in home fashion considered design/color, rand, coordination, and functionality than the group who are low interested in home fashion. 2. Residents in over 40 pyung homes buy home fashion products at department stores, while residents in less than 39 pyung homes buy them at discounted store. 3. Respondents preferred solid colors more than patterns. However, they favored character pattern for textile bedding products for their children. 4. there is also a statistical difference in preferences for types of window treatments between large ad small housing sizes. Residents living in over 40 pyung preferred tie-back/cottage curtain, while residents living in less than 29 pyung preferred Roman shade style.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.1621-1626
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 국내에서 성공한 영화들의 쇼트 분석을 통해 흥행한 영화의 클라이맥스부분에서 공통된 편집 패턴 분석을 찾아 씬(작은 이야기 단위)의 구성이 잘 기획되어 있는지 데이터 시각화 연구를 한다. 이 연구는 편집패턴들의 모형을 참조하여 영화 전체에 클라이맥스 표현 패턴이 몇 개로 구성되어 있는지 분석하는 것으로 쇼트이미지들의 자동 수집과 수집된 데이터들의 샷사이즈 자동 분류 시스템을 설계하고 이 시스템을 통해 클라이맥스 패턴 중심으로 하나의 씬을 이루고 있음을 증명한다. 작은 이야기인 씬의 구성이 클라이맥스 패턴으로만 판단하기 어려워 배우들의 대화를 통해 씬을 찾아 비교분석을 하였다. 배우들 간의 대화 기반 씬 예측을 위한 character-net은 등장인물들 간의 대화 내용을 추적하여 인물들 간의 대화 형성을 네트워크 망 모양으로 시각화할 수 있다. 망 모양의 시각화를 통해 큰 이야기와 작은 이야기의 구성을 분석할 수 있으며, 씬 수에 따른 밀집도로 영화의 흥행 여부를 예측할 수 있다. 이 두 가지 연구를 비교하여 영화의 기획 구성 및 제작 방법에 기여를 할 것이라 판단한다.