• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.959-972
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• 2017

In evaluation of blast-induced vibration, peak particle velocity (PPV) is generally calculated by using attenuation relation curve. Calculated velocity is compared with the value in legal requirements or the standards to determine the stability. Attenuation relation curve varies depending on frequency of test blasting, geological structure of the site and blasting condition, so it is difficult to predict accurately using such an equation. Since PPV is response value from the ground, direct evaluation of the structure is impractical. Because of such a limit, engineers tend to use the commercial numerical analysis program in evaluating the stability of the structure more accurately. However, when simulate the explosion process using existing numerical analysis program, it's never easy to accurately simulate the complex conditions (fracture, crushing, cracks and plastic deformation) around blasting hole. For simulating such a process, the range for modelling will be limited due to the maximum node count and it requires extended calculation time as well. Thus, this study is intended to simulate the elastic energy after fractured zone only, instead of simulating the complex conditions of the rock that results from the blast, and the analysis of response characteristics of the velocity depending on shape and size of the fractured zone was conducted. As a result, difference in velocity and attenuation character were calculated depending on fractured zone around the blast source appeared. Propagation of vibration tended to spread spherically as it is distanced farther from the blast source.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.20
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• pp.75-96
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• 2004

A pavilion is located in the place with beautiful scenery, which maximizes the poetical features of nature. So a scholar in the Chosun Dynasty had the dream of possessing it. This trends of the Chosun scholar resulted in producing lots of literary works related with the pavilion. In this thesis, I researched the characters of Pavilion Si-Jo in accordance with the function of pavilion. First, the pavilion, which is surrounded by the beautiful scenery, is a good place to see the beauty of nature. It is needless to walk around to see the scenery thanks to its open structure. So the feeling in the pavilion Si-Jo is distinguished from other sightseeing Si-Jos: those show the way of seeing the scenery walking here and there, but this shows the way of seeing the scenery only just looking up, looking down, and looking in the distance. Second, the pavilion functions as an academic place. In this case, it can be said that it functions like a lecture hall. It is more effective to study in the pavilion than in the closed structure, a lecture hall. Furthermore, the scholar studying in the pavilion understand the principle of nature with seeing the beautiful mountain and river, and it can be a place for growing a vast-flowing spirit. This kind of poetry has been handed down with the Chinese poetry, and the character who operated the pavilion often appears in the work. Third, the pavilion functions as a space for a fraternity or poetry circles. The poetic exchange was conducted by host of pavilion. which is the key ingredient for organizing a poetry circles. Finally, the pavilion functions as an entertainment. Although it is a space for an entertainment, there is no deviation as a man of novel birth. If the pavilion has the feature of closeness, there are sometimes works which shows the deviation of them.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.44
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• pp.57-74
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• 2016

This these studies on SiJo to be published Dongkwang magazine. Dongkwang magazine was published from 1926 to 1933 but in the concrete it proceeded for three years two month. It was published a little SiJo and SiJo would reflected a phenomenon of society and a character of literature. A representative characters of the Si-Jo in substance at that time was summed up three. First it described a warmth of farm village. Expecially make full use of a sensuous description expressed a landscape of farm village. Otherwise it revealed a life of austerity in farming area. Second it reflected a phenomenon of return to their home village. People who was familiar with their country loved to come back their old home. To relax their mind and body they came back home and they pursuit romantic life. Third it was a poetry of historical retrospect. Although their country was colonial situation they longed fot their country's independence. Because of this anxiety they expressed their heart by means of old sijo. Mainly using old castle, ring, historic site they revealed a hidden feelings thst they had. It was a sorrow, an eager, remembrance etc. In spite of a poor surroundings they sang hope, romance, an possibility of independence. and so SiJo reflected the phases of the times.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.169-177
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to find ways to enhance the effectiveness of childhood teachers by recognizing both internal and external variables that affect their efficacy. Based on prior research, personality characteristics were selected as internal variables that affect the sense of teacher efficacy and social support was selected as external variables to set the effect of personality characteristics and social support on the efficacy of childhood teachers as research issues. 285 teachers from kindergartens and daycare centers located in Daegu and Gyeongsang-bukdo Province were selected for the study. The analysis of data was conducted using the SPSS 22.0 program to examine the general characteristics of the study target, and the analysis was conducted stepwise to look at the influence of each of the variables on the teacher's. Personal teacher efficacy is shown to affect Conscientiousness, nervousness, openness to experience, and evaluation support among personality characteristics, and Conscientiousness, Agreeableness and nervousness affect general teacher efficacy. The results of this study suggest that the character characteristics and social support of childhood teachers are among the variables that affect teacher efficacy.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.117-126
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• 2013

Path planning is an essential problem to make virtual characters navigate in many applications including computer games. In many cases, multiple characters move in a group and qualitative aspects of planned paths are emphasized rather than optimality unlike Robotics. In this paper, we propose a two-level path planning algorithm in which the global path is planned for a single character specified as a leader and then the local path is planned to avoid dynamic obstacles while the group following this path. The space for group movement is achieved in the form of square grid array called a grid window. Member characters are located relatively to the leader within a space and moved. The static environment is reduced to the configuration space of this grid window to generate a roadmap on which a grid window can move. In local path planning, only the leader avoids dynamic obstacles by using an artificial potential field and the rest of members are located relatively to the leader in the grid window, which reduces computational load. Efficient algorithms to implement the proposed planning methods are introduced. The simulation results show that a group can handle with dynamic obstacles effectively while moving along the planned path for a static environment.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.121-149
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• 2008

Taxonomic treatment and the identification key for 6 species and 4 varieties from the genus Asarum (Aristolochiaceae) in Korea were presented on the basis of the morphological analyses. Recently the taxonomy of the genus Asarum in Korea is controversial in the definition of species and the establishment of variation range. Our morphological studies supported that the species A. patens, A. misandrum and A. versicolor should be recognized as independent species by the unique morphological characters such as calyx lobes, stylar protuberance and leaf variegation. Second, A. sieboldii var. cornutum, A. koreanum, A. maculatum and A. sonunsanense, regarded as species or variety by different scholars, showed a close relationship with A. sieboldii by the similar calyx characters. Thus, new combinations, such as A. sieboldii for. cornutum, A. sieboldii for. koreanum, A. sieboldii for. maculatum and A. sieboldii for. sonunsanense, are proposed. And A. heterotropoides var. seoulense and A. heterotropoides var. mandshuricum also had a close relationship, thus, new combinations, A. mandshuricum for. seoulense, A. mandshuricum for. mandshuricum, are proposed. Furthermore, it is appropriate that A. heterotropoides var. heterotropoides, only distributed in Japan, is revised into A. heterotropoides as independent species by the unique character from the 2 varieties above. Consequently, the genus Asarum in Korea is classified into 3 species and 7 forma.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.405-431
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• 2008

Cuticle micromorphology of 22 species of Quercus and outgroup were examined by the SEM. Twenty-two species selected each two or three species in all section of the genus Quercus. The genus Trigonobalanus and Alnus are selected as outgroups. Ten characters of the inner surface and eight characters of the outer surface of the cuticle have been described. Some characters, such as the present of papillae, arrangement of subsidiary cell, shape of anticlinal cell wall are considered important character for infrageneric classification. A parsimony analysis of 18 characters resulted in 72 most parsimonious trees with its lengths of 66 steps. The topology obtained from the analysis showed two major lineages. Subgenus Cyclobalanopsis formed one clade by 75% and subgenus Quercus formed another clade by 57% bootstrap value. Based on the cuticle morphology, the two subgenus delimitation of Camus was supported. However, sect. Erythrobalanus and sect. Cerris formed one group, and sect. Lepidobalanus formed polytomy.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.199-208
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• 1998

This study forecasts the trend of ethnic theme through market survey, concentrating on Los Angeles market. First, the background of ethnic theme was examined, and the present situation of shops, department sores, and headquarter was also surveyed. After that, fashion trend suitable for market was suggested by analyzing the life style of consumers through zip code. The results of the study are as follows. The conspicuous trend of '97 F/W retail stores is ethnic. This reaction to complicated modern life, and symbolizes the desirable evaluation on the simpleness of basic life and nature. The model of ethnic design is identified in natural clothing, primitive arts, ethnic culture and African theme. In short, this ethnic fashion is expressed as simpleness, naturalism convenience and freedom. On the other hand, the standard of general department stores such as Broadway and Robinson May which are the headquarter of this trend is to satisfy various consumers with various styles. Ethnic goods from Broadway has not arrived at the top for its introducing step. To elevate sales of these goods, promotion through VMD and suggesting various ethnic goods should be done. Besides, when analyzing the consumers of Beverly center Broadway, the target of these goods are mostly professional young people in their 25-34 and 35-44. The life style of these people emphasizes sophisticated life in aspects such as job-oriented activities, and up-to-date fashion. Especially, image is very important. They want individuality different from others. These images are diversified from simpleness, naiveness to sexy character. Accordingly, suggesting fashion trend satisfying the demand of consumers through market survey will make fashion market create infinite possibilities.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.189-195
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• 2004

Carbon black have not been used as pigment material in cosmetic because of very low density and dispersity, but carbon black have applicable character as black pigment because of non-toxic, stable physico-chemical property, and black colority. In this study, mesoporous silica samples were synthesized by sol-gel reaction using surfactants-template method; TEOS (tetraethoxysilane) - a) PEO/lecithin, b) PEO/polyethylene glycol, c) lecithin/polyethylene glycol in ethanol/water solution. Synthesized organic-inorganic hybrid - silica were heat-treated in N2 condition at 500$^{\circ}C$. Mesoporous silica with black carbon in pore have the effective density and show the good dispersity in both hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvent. Properties of the samples were measured; specific surface area (750㎡/g) and pore size (4-6nm) using BET, pore structure (cylindrical type) using XRD, morphology (spherical powder with 0.1-0.5$\mu\textrm{m}$ partical size) of the samples using SEM. Carbon-silica black color applied to mascara, it shows a dark black colority and good dispersity as compared with the general black color titania pigment. Moreover, it is possible to control the density of black color pigment because it is possible to control pore volume and particle size of mesoporous silica properly. It show the good volume effects in mascara. That is why possible to apply all kinds of cosmetic products.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.74-93
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• 2001

1. Background and Purpose At the year of 2000, the society of Sasang Constitutional Medicine acquired ${\ulcorner}$HamsanSachon DongyiSooseBowon GaboGubon${\lrcorner}$ which is seen as a written copy of ${\ulcorner}$GaboBon${\lrcorner}$. According to Lee Sung-su who is the great-grandson of DongMu's older brother, ${\ulcorner}$HamsanSachon DongyiSooseBowon GaboGubon${\lrcorner}$ was worked by Lee Jin-yoon who is the grandson of DongMu's older brother, and it was copied by Han Min-gab and now is owned by Lee Sung-su who is son of Lee Jin-yoon. 2. Methods This paper was written in order to understand of the character of the discourse on the medications and prescriptions of the ${\ulcorner}$HamsanSachon DongyiSooseBowon GaboGubon${\lrcorner}$. 3. Result and Conclusion 1) Newly created prescriptions of ${\ulcorner}$GaboBon${\lrcorner}$ is composed of the 125 medications of Soeumin 46, Soyangin 36, Taeumin 29, Taeyangin 14. Regarding with that prescriptions, the average number of the medications per prescription is 9.3 and the average capacity of that is 42.6gram. 2) The experimental prescription is from ${\ulcorner}$GaboBon${\lrcorner}$. All the 37 prescriptions of ${\ulcorner}$Sanghanlon${\lrcorner}$ is found at the text of ${\ulcorner}$GaboBon${\lrcorner}$, and only 12 of 37 prescriptions of Traditional Medicine excepting ${\ulcorner}$Sanghanlon${\lrcorner}$ is described at the text of it. Hardly any case of treatment by Traditional Prescription can be found at the discourse on constitunal symptoms and diseases. 3) Only 13 of 69 newly created prescriptions is not prescribed at ${\ulcorner}$GaboBon${\lrcorner}$, and 7 of the 13 prescriptions don't have the symptom of charge also. 4) 6 prescriptions which are supposed to newly created prescriptions of ${\ulcorner}$The Discourse on Constitutional Symptoms and Diseases${\lrcorner}$ are not describe to the composition of medications. 5) All the newly created prescriptions of ${\ulcorner}$The General Remarks on the Soeumin${\lrcorner}$ of ${\ulcorner}$SinChucBon${\lrcorner}$ are to be regarded as GaboBon's.