• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제46권3호
• /
• pp.239-249
• /
• 2013

Subclinical vitamin $B_{12}$ deficiency is common in the elderly worldwide. We investigated the change of serum vitamin $B_{12}$ concentration with aging and compared anthropometric data and clinical health indicators between normal (${\geq}$ 340 pg/mL) and low (< 340 pg/mL) serum vitamin $B_{12}$ groups in 470 Korean women aged 65 years and over living in a rural area. Serum vitamin $B_{12}$ concentration showed inverse correlation with age (r = -0.0992, p < 0.05). The normal $B_{12}$ group showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit compared to the low $B_{12}$ group, however, no difference in mean corpuscular volume was observed between the two groups. The normal $B_{12}$ group showed significantly lower serum homocysteine concentration (p < 0.01) and prevalence of vitamin D (p < 0.01) or folate deficiency (p < 0.001). Bone mineral density (T-score) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the normal $B_{12}$ group, compared with that in the low $B_{12}$ group, and showed positive correlation (r = 0.1490, p < 0.01) with serum vitamin $B_{12}$ concentration after adjusting for age, body weight, and body mass index. No differences in anthropometric data, physical activity, and smoking and drinking habits were observed between the two groups. In conclusion, it could be suggested that older female adults with normal serum vitamin $B_{12}$ level would be less anemic and osteoporotic and more resistant to hyperhomocysteinemia associated chronic diseases than those with low serum vitamin $B_{12}$ level.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.152-157
• /
• 2005

목적: 상부위암의 치료로 위전절제술이 보편적으로 시행된다. 그러나 초기 의 상부위암에 대한 적절한 절제범위는 지금까지도 논쟁의 여지가 있다. 본 연구에서 저자들은 상부위암의 치료에서 위전절제술 및 비절제 루앙와이식 식도공장문합술을 시행한 환자와 근위부 위절제술 및 식도위문합술을 시행한 환자의 영양상태와 삶의 질을 각각 비교하였다. 대상 및 방법: 상부위암으로 근치적 수술을 시행받고 재발이 없는 환자 50명을 대상으로 하였으며 위전절제술을 시행한 환자가 25명, 근위부 위절제술을 시행한 환자가 25명이었다 그 중 위전절제술을 시행받은 환자 8명과 근위부 위절제술을 시행받은 환자 4명은 사망, 조사 거절 등의 이유로 연구에서 제외되었다. 영양상태는 체중, 알부민, 혈색소, 총 단백량을 통해 조사되었다. 위 장관기능과 삶의 질은 Cuschieri grade, modified Visick grade로 조사되었다. 결과: 연령과 수술 전 알부민의 차이를 보정하고 비교하였을 때 근위부 위절제술은 위전절제술에 비해 낮은 체중장소(P=0.038), 알부민 증가(P=0.49)와 modified Visick grade에서의 좋은 결과(P=0.016)을 보였다. 그러나 수술 전과 후의 혈색소변화(P=0.165), 총단백량변화(P=0.435)와 Cuschieri grade (P=0.064)에서 양 군 사이에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론: 본 연구에서 근위부 위절제술은 낮은 체중감소와 증가된 알부민 양을 보여 영양상태가 비교적 좋았고 더 좋은 modified Visick grade을 보여 위전절제술에 비해 더 나은 삶의 질을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제42권7호
• /
• pp.615-621
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 폐결핵으로 입원한 환자들의 입원 기간 동안의 영양상태 변화를 평가하고 이에 미치는 영향 요인들을 분석하고자 하는 목적으로 진행 되었다. 1) 조사대상자의 평균 연령은 47.3세였으며, 폐결핵 유병기간은 평균 11.2개월로 대상자의 58.5%가 유병기간 3개월 이하의 초기발병환자였고, 대상의 73.1%가 처음 입원한 환자였다. 입원기간은 평균 112.4일로 약 4개월 정도의 입원치료기간을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 2) 입원 시점의 영양 상태는 평균 신장 168.9 cm, 체중 52.6 kg으로 한국인 성인남성의 표준 키, 체중과 비교하여 키는 비슷하였으나 체중은 성인 남성 표준치의 약 76%에 불과하였으며, 체질량지수 역시 평균 18.4 kg/$m^2$로 전체 대상의 53.8%가 저체중 상태였다. 생화학적 지표로 혈중 헤모글로빈과 헤마토크릿은 각각 12.3 g/dL, 35.4%로 정상 수치보다 낮았고, 혈청알부민 수치는 3.5 g/dL로 경계치 수준이었으며, 총 단백질 수치는 7.2 g/dL로 정상범위였다. 3) 평균 체중은 입원 시 52.6 kg에서 입원 3개월 후 56.5kg으로 유의적으로 증가하였고, 체질량지수 역시 유의적으로 증가하였다 (p < 0.001). 혈중 헤모글로빈, 헤마토크릿, 혈청알부민, 총 단백질의 수치 역시 모두 입원 시점보다 유의적으로 증가하여 (p < 0.001) 개선되는 결과를 보였다. 4) 입원기간 중 체중 및 생화학적 지표의 변화량을 각 요인에 따라 분석한 결과 연령이 증가할수록 그 증가량은 감소하여, 특히 60세 이상 연령의 환자들의 증가량은 29세 이하와 30대 환자에 비교하여 유의적으로 낮았고, 입원 시의 체질량지수가 18.5 kg/$m^2$ 미만인 저체중그룹의 증가량이 정상체중그룹보다 유의적으로 높았으며 입원기간 동안 식이섭취 정도가 보통 또는 양호한 그룹에서의 증가량이 섭취불량 환자그룹보다 유의적으로 높았다. 5) 연령이 낮은 그룹에서는 식사섭취가 양호한 환자의 비율이 높았고, 연령이 높은 그룹에서는 식사섭취가 불량한 환자의 비율이 높아 저 연령의 환자일수록 제공식사 섭취량이 높았다. 입원기간 동안의 식사섭취가 불량한 그룹은 식사섭취가 보통이거나 양호한 그룹과 비교하여 평균연령이 유의적으로 높았고, 유병기간은 짧았으며 입원기간이 긴 결과를 나타내었다. 본 연구 결과 폐결핵으로 입원하는 환자들의 입원시점의 영양 상태는 일반적으로 취약한 상태로 영양적 중재가 필요하며, 입원기간 동안의 영양상태의 변화는 환자의 연령과, 입원시점의 체질량지수, 입원기간 동안의 식이섭취 등과 관련이 있었다.

• 대한정형외과학회지
• /
• 제56권5호
• /
• pp.391-397
• /
• 2021

목적: 트라넥삼산(tranexamic acid, TXA)은 하지 수술에서 출혈과 수혈 빈도를 줄이는 것으로 알려졌다. 본 연구에서는 역행성 견관절 전치환술 시에 출혈 및 수혈 요구에 대한 TXA의 효과를 평가하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2009년 9월부터 2020년 7월까지 역행성 견관절 전치환술을 시행한 환자를 평가하였다. 수술 중 정맥로와 관절강 내 도포를 시행한 군은 TXA 사용군, 시행하지 않은 군은 TXA 미사용군으로 분류하였다. 술 후 출혈량을 나타내는 배액관 배액량과 수혈 여부, 술 후 혈색소와 적혈구 용적률 수치를 분석하였다. 결과: TXA 사용군과 TXA 미사용군 간 연령(72.0±7.0 vs. 71.5±5.8, p=0.656) 및 남, 녀 성별 비율(28:65 vs. 23:61, p=0.689)은 유의한 차이가 없었다. 또한 고혈압, 당뇨병, 두 질환 모두를 가진 환자의 유병률(36:3:13 vs. 32:3:8, p=0.806)은 양 군 간 유의한 차이가 없었다. 수혈 기준에 따라 수혈을 시행한 수혈 환자 수(0 vs. 9, p=0.001)는 TXA 사용군에서 없었으며 TXA 미사용군에서 유의하게 더 많았다. 수술 1일째(98.8±61.2 ml vs. 162.7±98.8 ml, p<0.001) 및 제거 당시 배액관 배액량(73.8±48.4 ml vs. 91.5±54.5 ml, p=0.024)은 둘 다 TXA 사용군에서 유의하게 더 적었다. 수술 전 측정한 혈색소 수치(13.2±1.4 vs. 13.3±1.5, p=0.374)와 적혈구 용적률 수치(39.5±3.9 vs. 39.6±4.7, p=0.946)에서 양 군 간 유의한 차이가 없었다. 수술 1일째(11.7±1.2 g/dl vs. 11.2±1.4 g/dl, p=0.048), 3일째(10.9±1.2 g/dl vs. 10.2±1.2 g/dl, p<0.001), 6일째 혈색소(11.2±1.3 g/dl vs. 10.7±1.3 g/dl, p=0.020)는 TXA 사용군에서 유의하게 높았다. 수술 1일째(35.0%±3.6% vs. 32.5%±3.8%, p=0.001), 3일째(32.3% ±5.0% vs. 29.8%±3.6%, p<0.001), 6일째 적혈구 용적률 수치(33.5%±3.8% vs. 31.5%±3.7%, p<0.001)에서도 TXA 사용군에서 유의하게 높았다. 결론: 역행성 견관절 전치환술 시행 시 정맥로와 관절강 내 국소도포를 이용한 TXA의 사용은 수술 후 수혈의 필요성과 출혈량을 줄일 수 있다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.390-400
• /
• 2010

This study is aimed to test physiological and hematological actions of Rheum palmatum through clinical pilot study optimized for usual oriental medicine prescription. Thirty-one cases were finally collected and the sample extract 100 $m{\ell}$ of Rheum palmatum (ERP) was administered two times in a day during 3 days and checked with blood CBC test, urinalysis, liver function test, abdominal X-ray as well as general diagnostic process of oriental medicine; pattern identification, assessment of shapes and constitution. The total toxic effective rate of ERP was 9.68% in 3 cases of the whole in case of consistent uneasy state in the subjective symptomatic assessment and aggravation of blood and urine examination. The relevant diagnostic factors were so-eum constitution and essence type subject, carapaces species, lung type in the aspect of Jisan shape theory. On the other hand, the positive effective rate of ERP was 29.03% manifesting improvement of vital signs or present illness and no abnormal changes of blood chemistry and urinalysis and simple abdomen radiology. The relevant diagnostic factors were tae-eum constitution, energy type subject, aves species, heart and liver type in Jisan's shape theory. And the other cases were manifesting no specific change through the administration of ERP. The ratio of the numbers of decrease and increase was 44:5 in the tenderness and hardness of abdominal palpation. But if the pattern identification doesn't comply with the aim of rhubarb application despite of constipation and abdominal pain, the tendeness and biochemical report was shown in abnormal change. The mean number of diarrhea by ERP was $16.77{\pm}6.95$ during 3 days after administration, and the frequent areas of abdominal pain were lower>middle>upper in order, and it meant the target site of ERP too. Besides, the toxic reaction against ERP was expressed highly in case of decrease in blood cell count and hemoglobin, hematocrit having blood deficiency syndrome. Likewise, the toxicity of ERP was influenced by pattern identification manifesting present disease condition and diagnostic factors of four constitutions, Jisan's shape theory collaterally. In conclusion, evaluation of herbal toxicity in order for using as a clinical guideline, various diagnostic pattern information and shape features like the above should be studied together with other pharmacologic toxicology test for the future.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.95-108
• /
• 1976

It is obvious that adequate nutrition is essential for growth and development of school children, and many elementary schools in this country have already practiced it. Therefore, it would seem apparent that the school feeding program would have a significant effect on the growth and development of school children. This paper presents a two-year experimental school-feeding program from 1973 to 1974, and attempts to evaluate its effects by before-and-after nutrition surveys conducted in two elementary schools, one experimental and the other as a control. The two schools are both located in the same county (Yongin-Kun, Kyunggi-Do), and the families of their students are presumed to share the same socio-economic level. To assess the effect of school-feeding, we measured height, weight, chest circumference and grasping power. Physical examination was done foresigns of nutritional deficiency. A stool examination for parasites and blood examinations for hemoglobin, hematocrit and serum protein were included. Analyses were done for 150 students selected randomly at the beginning of the program. These students attended the school throughout the program period. Results are as follows: 1. The amount of increase of height, weight, chest cirumference and grasping power were greater in the experimental school than in the control school, but the differences are not statistically significant. 2. Signs of vitamin deficiency decreased in both experimental and control schools during the two-year program period. 3. At the time of the 1974 post-survey, values of Hb. & Hct. revealed no significant differences between the two schools, but serum protein level was a little higher than that of general Korean rural children of the same age. 4. Infestation rate of parasites had increased in both schools during the two-year program period. 5. Each student of the two schools was classified into three major classes, according to the level of economic condition of his or her parents, namely higher, middle and lower. The results of each class of the experimental school was compared with that of the corresponding class of the control school, expecting the relative magnitude of change largest in the lower economic class of the experimental school. However, change was greatest in the middle class, still not being statistically significant. Finally, the authors concluded that the two-year period for such a program is not sufficiently long for its beneficial effects to be demonstrated and measured. As long as the growth and development of children are concerned, planning with a more distant perspective is required, as well as the development of new methods of evaluation.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.60-73
• /
• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The extract from Dendropanax morbifera exhibited diverse therapeutic potentials. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of D. morbifera leaf extract for improving metabolic parameters in human. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A 12-week, double blind, placebo-controlled and randomized trial included a total of 74 adults, and they were assigned to the placebo group (n = 38) or 700 mg/day of D. morbifera group (n = 36). The efficacy endpoints were changes in glycemic, lipid, obesity, and blood pressure (BP) parameters, in addition to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the numbers of MetS components. Safety was assessed by monitoring adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: After 12 weeks of treatment, the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level significantly decreased in the D. morbifera group compared to that of the placebo group (difference: -0.13 ± 0.20% vs. 0.00 ± 0.28%, P = 0.031; % of change: -2.27 ± 3.63% vs. 0.10 ± 5.10%, P = 0.025). The homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance level also decreased significantly from its baseline in the D. morbifera group. The systolic BP of D. morbifera group decreased significantly than that of placebo group (difference: -3.9 ± 9.8 mmHg vs. 3.3 ± 11.7 mmHg, P = 0.005; % of change: -2.8 ± 7.7% vs. 3.3 ± 10.2%, P = 0.005). However, the lipid parameters and body composition including body weight did not differ between the groups. The prevalence of MetS (36.8% vs. 13.9%, P = 0.022) and the incidence of MetS (10.5% vs. 13.9%, P = 0.027) at 12 weeks was significantly lower in the D. morbifera group than it was in the placebo group. No serious AEs occurred in either group. CONCLUSIONS: Supplementation with D. morbifera extracts over a 12-week period improved metabolic parameters such as HbA1c and BP and reduced the prevalence of MetS.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.405-413
• /
• 2007

This study was to investigate single and repeated-dose toxicities of Tensolin-$F^{(R)}$, an anti-wrinkle agent, in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats or ICR mice. In single-dose oral toxicity study, the test materials were administered once by gavage to male and female SD rats at dose levels of 0 and 2,000 mg/kg. No dead animals and abnormal necropsy findings were found in control and Tensolin-$F^{(R)}$ treated group. Therefore, the approximate lethal dose of Tensolin-$F^{(R)}$ was considered to be higher than 2,000 mg/kg in rats. In the 4-week repeated oral toxicity study, the test material was administered once daily by gavage to male and female ICR mice at dose levels of 0, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day for 4-weeks. In the results, no abnormality was observed in mortality, clinical findings, body weight changes, food and water consumptions, opthalmoscopic findings, necropsy findings, histopathological findings. In hematological analysis, there was a trend of increase in reticulocyte at male 25 mg/kg, although such changes were in normal ranges. On the other hand, there was a trend of decrease in hemoglobin at female 50, 100 mg/kg, such changes were in normal ranges. In addition, serum biochemical parameters including sodium, BUN and chloride increased at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg. Relative organ weights of right testis, brain, lung and left epididymis were increased in 100 mg/kg groups of male rats in contrast to not change in female groups. However, these changes of relative organ weights, hematological and serum biochemical parameters were not accompanied with related signs such as histopathological changes or clinical findings. In conclusion, 4-week repeated oral dose of Tensolin-$F^{(R)}$ to ICR mice did not cause apparent toxicological change at the dose of 25, 50, 100 mg/kg body weight. Consequently the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for Tensolin-$F^{(R)}$ in ICR mice following gavage for at least 4-week is higher than 100 mg/kg/day.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.61-67
• /
• 2006

Changes in hematology and serum biochemistry after treatment of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO, HM10760) were screened in 4 male cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Four monkeys, composed of a treatment group of HM10760 and a positive control group of $Aranesp^(R}$, were subcutaneously administered at same dose of $100{\mu}g/kg$. Both groups did not show any change in body weights and food consumption for 4 weeks compared with those of pretreatment. Both groups did not show any change in total leukocyte count (WBC) and platelet count, while both groups showed increased platelet distribution width (PDW) percentage in HM10760 group during a period from day 5 to day 59 and in $Aranesp^(R}$ group during a period from day 9 to day 26. Both groups showed increases in red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), and hematocrit (HCT) approximately 10 days after treatment compared with those of pretreatment (day 0). The increased levels of RBC, HGB, and HCT were much higher in HM10760 than in $Aranesp^(R}$ by the increases of $3.2%{\sim}12.5%$ for RBC, $3.8%{\sim}17.1%$ for HCT, and $1.85%{\sim}11%$ for HGB. Both groups showed increases in red cells distribution width (RDW) and reticulocyte (RET) compared with those of pretreatment, showing the highest peak from day 9. The increased level of RET lasted up to day 14 in $Aranesp^(R}$ group, while it lasted up to day 23 in HM10760 group. The increased level of RDW lasted up to day 59, it was much higher in HM10760 by the increase of $10.1%{\sim}17.6%$ than in $Aranesp^(R}$ group. In serum biochemistry, both groups showed a decrease in chloride level compared with those of pretreatment. These findings indicated that HM10760 increased RBC, HGB, HCT, RDW, and RET compared with those of pretreatment, and the increased levels were much higher in HM10760 than in $Aranesp^(R}$.

• 환경생물
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.131-139
• /
• 2018

기후 변화로 인한 수온의 상승은 어류 서식지에 영향을 미친다. 수온의 변화는 어류 생리 거의 모든 부분에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 기후 변화에 따른 수온의 상승은 산소 용해도의 감소 및 산소 운반 헤모글로빈의 결합 능력의 감소로 인해 저산소증을 초래할 수 있다. 본 연구는 대서양 연어(Salmo salar) 치어 성장의 최적수온($15^{\circ}C$)보다 고수온($20^{\circ}C$)에 사육 시, 대서양 연어 치어의 건강상태를 평가하기 위해 수행되었다. 평가 방법은 NGS RNAseq 분석방법을 이용하여 생체지표유전자를 개발하고, RT-qPCR 분석을 이용하여 생체지표유전자의 발현양상을 조사하는 것이다. 개발한 생체지표유전자로는 interferon alpha-inducible protein 27-like protein 2A transcript variant X3, protein L-Myc-1b-like, placenta growth factor-like transcript variant X1, fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1 transcript variant X1, transferrin, intelectin, thioredoxin-like, c-type lectin lectoxin-Thr1-like, ladderlectin-like 및 calponin-1 등이다. 선택된 생체지표 유전자는 NGS RNAseq 분석을 통해 수온변화에 민감하게 발현한 유전자들이며, RT-qPCR 분석을 통한 이들 유전자의 발현 양상은 NGS RNAseq 분석을 통한 발현 양상과 매우 유사하게 나타났다.