• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.497-503
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a program geared toward improving elderly people's oral function. After a program was provided to the selected elderly people free of charge for three months, they were asked to rate their own oral function to see whether they underwent any changes after their participation in the program, and their oral function was tested to obtain objective data. The collected data were analyzed by the statistical package SPSS WIN 18.0. The findings of the study were as follows: As for changes in their self-rated indicators of oral function, they faced less troubles in most of the oral function items after they participated in the program, and there were statistically significant differences in some of the items. As a result of making an objective evaluation of their oral function, they underwent a little change in salivary flow rate from 1.19 to 1.30, though the change was not statistically significant. In terms of opening, they showed a statistically significant rise of scores from 4.22 to 4.53, and they also showed a statistically significant rise of scores in pronunciation from 30.52 to 38.88. Regarding satisfaction with the program, they gave 4.48 to the program, which implied that they were greatly satisfied with the program. The abovementioned findings suggest that oral health experts and program providers should try to encourage elderly people to keep on taking oral health programs with interest. Currently, oral exercise programs are conducted in some public health centers and in the field of clinical dentistry, and it's required to offer more oral exercise programs as community exercise programs for the elderly.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.509-517
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• 2021

Background and objective: Problems currently occurred in the environment are caused by a lack of environmental awareness of the community. Biology students learn the environment in ecological learning. Students must explore environmental knowledge (EK) and are expected to have high environmental awareness (EA) and then apply their knowledge in daily life with pro-environmental behavior (PEB). There is a need for designing climate-change book serials for university students (CCBS-US) towards contextualized learning. This study aimed to determine the relationship between EK and EA and the PEB of biology students as a baseline for designing CCBS-US. Methods: The study used a quantitative descriptive method with a correlational design. Total 136 biology students from a state university in Jakarta, Indonesia served as samples of the study. Results: Research results revealed a positive relationship between EK and PEB of biology students. There was a positive relationship between EA and PEB of biology students and between EK and EA and PEB of Biology students. Moreover, 77% of students reported their EK is very high, 55% of students reported their EA is medium, and 46% of students reported their PEB is medium. Ecological learning has a vital role in shaping the EK, EA, and PEB, thus CCBS-US needs to be developed. Conclusion: The study concluded that there was a relationship between EK, EA, and PEB. The study recommends the development of CCBS-US based on the survey results.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.856-868
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Qigong gymnastics exercise program on the physiopsychological parameter in essential hypertension. The design of the research was a one group pretest-posttest design. A total of 20 pateints with hypertension who were from forty to sixty-five years old participated in the study. The Qigong gymnastics program was carried out twice a week for thirty minutes or forty minutes for six weeks from 22, Sep. to 31, Oct. in 1997. In order to evaluate the effect of the Qigong gymnastics program physiological parameter (blood pressure, pulse rate, FVC, FEV1, Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Cortisol) and psychological parameter(self-efficacy, Life satisfaction) were measured before and after the exercise program. Collected data was analyzed by the paired t-test with SAS package. The result are as follows : 1) There were significant decrease in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, but there was no significant change in pulse rate. 2) There were no significant difference in FVC and FEV1 3) There were significant decrease in epinephrine, norepinephrine and cortisol. 4) There were significant improved in general self-efficacy and life satisfaction. 5) The effect of Qigong gymnastics program by measurement time on blood pressure and pulse rate were as follows : In a systolic blood pressure was gradually significant decreased from 1 week to 6 weeks and diastolic blood pressure was significantly decreased after 4weeks. But there was no significant change in pulse rate. This results suggest that Qigong gymnastics are an appropriate nursing intervention for clients with hypertension. For further research is necessary to reevaluate the effect with a letter experimental design and longer period than 8 weeks for the Qigong gymnastics program.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.69-79
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• 2012

Objectives This study was performed to research the biological change after walking program in forest according to Sasang constitution. Methods Twenty four applicants are involved in this study. They were classified into three groups(Soyangin, Taeeumin, Soeumin) by QSCC II and divided into two groups(roadway, forest path) by place. And then they participated in walking program on March 31 in 2012. We performed before and after measurements, including active oxygen, biochemical test(BC), and stress hormones. Results Cortisol decreased in the entire group after walking program, which means the effect of relaxation. Glucose reduced in Soyangin group while increased in Taeeumin and Soeumin group after the program. There was no correlation in the test results between Sasang constitution and walking place. Conclusions Walking program has shown most efficacy in relaxation. However a single positive result within this study should be carefully interpreted. In the future, well-designed studies for Sasang constitutional walking program are needed.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.1667-1671
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• 2003

A computer program to calculate properties of nitrogen is developed. Procedures for the calculation is briefly discussed. The program calculates unknown thermodynamic properties fixing the state with two independent input properties. If input value by user is inappropriate, it displays an error message and replaces the input value with an appropriate one. In addition user can change units with easy. The program developed in this work can be utilized to calculate parameters required for the simulation and design of an equipment using nitrogen.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.256-260
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• 2003

A computer program to calculate thermodynamic properties of oxygen is developed. Procedures for the calculation is briefly discussed. The program calculates unknown thermodynamic properties fixing the state with two independent input properties. If input value by user is inappropriate, it displays an error message. In addition user can change units with easy. The program developed in this work can be utilized to calculate parameters required for the simulation and design of an equipment using oxygen.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.325-326
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• 2021

Design changes are inevitable areas of work for construction engineers as they occur frequently in the construction site, and are becoming a technical measure of the technical person to the design change. In this study, the purpose is to analyze by comparing the availability of excel and the enscised program during design changes through the case, and to present the efficiency of the the Cost-of-construction Program.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.555-564
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• 2020

Background and objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of an agro-healing program on the relationship satisfaction and emotional change between parents and children. Methods: We sent an official letter to D Office of Education with information and recruitment for the agro-healing program. Then D Office of Education has sent the official letter to elementary schools under the jurisdiction to recruit parents who were willing to participate in the programs with their children. The subjects were recruited by order of application, and 27 families participated, but 20 parent-child teams who attended all sessions and fully participated in the program were ultimately selected. From October 12 to November 16, 2019, a total of 6 sessions of the programs were held once a week at a care farm in Gyeongsangbuk-do. In the morning, they participated in a program that utilizes the resources of plants and animals in the care farm, and later participated in an indoor horticultural program in the afternoon. Results: In the parent-child relationship satisfaction test, it was found that communication was significantly increased after participating in the agro-healing program (p = .047). There were no statistically significant changes in the sentence completion tests written by the children, but their potential perception or attitude towards their parents changed more positively than before according to the content of the sentences. Conclusion: The agro-healing program could strengthen the relationship between parent and child by improving the parent-child relationship satisfaction and children's emotional attitude towards their parent.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2002

Background & Methods: In order to study the effect of electro-lipolysis-acupuncture, 57 outpatients who have had herbal medication in Kirin Oriental Hospital were devided to two groups; acupuncture-treated group(46) vs non-acupuncture-treated group(11) Acupuncture-treated group was given electro-lipolysis-acupuncture at least two times a week and administered with herbal diet medication, whereas non-acupuncture-treated group was administered only with herbal diet medication. Results: Mean age, body weight and BMI of these two group at the start point of the treatment were $27.22({\pm}7.64)\;vs \;29.09({\pm}8.73),\;67.76({\pm}9.34)\;vs\;67.00({\pm}10.69),\;and\;26.20({\pm}3.02)\;vs\;26.14({\pm}4.10)$ in the order of acupuncture-treated and non-acupuncture groups. After one month of treatment, change rate of body weight, BMI, total fat, percentage of fat was significantly higher in acupuncture-treated group. Also the change rate of arm circumference, hip circumference and thigh circumference was significantly higher in acupuncture-treated group. The change rate of abdominal circumference and WHR of acupuncture-treated group was higher than that of non-acupuncture-treated group with no statistical significance. The circumference reduction rate according to herbal dieting program was higher in this order, abdomen, arms, chest, thighs and hips. On the other hand, chest circumference change rate over weight loss rate, which is the portion no acupuncture treatment was given to, and AMC change rate was higher in non-acupuncture-treated group. Conclusion: These results imply that herbal dieting program combined with electro-lipolysis-acupuncture is more effective on reducing body fat, size reduction of localized obesity and preservation of muscle than herbal prescription only dieting program.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.116-126
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the change of programming strategies of chinese broadcasting as competitions intensify in the niche dimension. Specifically, the niche breadth which indicates the diversity of program genre and way of program production, the niche overlap which indicates the degree of competition among the channels, are investigated. The results show, as the competition has intensified, three chinese television pursued different programming strategies; CCTV1 maintained programming strategy without big change, while Hunan and Gangso pursued change of programming strategy. However the change of programming strategies of Hunan and Gangso showed different direction; Hunan has tended narrows niche breadth of program genre and the way of progrm production, while Gangso broadens niche breadth. In overall, Chinese broadcastings have found the way of co-exist pursuing different programming strategy. And the programming strategy of Gangso satellite broadcasting which broadens niche breadth has showed better performance in rating and advertising revenue.