• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제50권4호
• /
• pp.357-361
• /
• 2018

본 연구에서는 견과류로부터 식품 분석에 사용될 DNA를 4가지 방법으로 추출하고 그 효율을 비교하였다. 동일한 양의 시료를 사용하여 추출된 DNA의 양은 CTAB법이 가장 우수한 것으로 확인되었지만, 추출 시간이 수배이상 오래 걸리고 유기용매를 사용한다는 한계점이 있다. 다른 방법들과 DNA 추출 양의 차이가 큰 잣, 캐슈너트, 피스타치오 너트, 땅콩의 시료는 CTAB법이 가장 효율적인 방법으로 판단되며, 호두, 헤이즐넛, 아몬드의 시료는 변형 CTAB법과 실리카 막법이 CTAB법을 대체할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 추출된 DNA를 식물 내재유전자 및 각 견과류에 특이적인 유전자를 사용하여 PCR을 진행하였으며, 모든 추출 방법에서 DNA가 정상적으로 증폭되는 것을 확인하였다.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제30권6호
• /
• pp.673-679
• /
• 2008

본 연구에서는 실리카 원으로 tetraethylorthosilcate(TEOS)를 이용하고, template로 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTMABr)을 사용하여 메조포러스 실리카(mesoporous silica)를 수열합성 하였다. 최적의 합성 조건을 알기 위해 template와 실리카의 몰비를 조절하였다. 메조포러스 실리카의 표면 성질과 구조는 XRD, SEM 그리고 BET를 이용하여 살펴보았다. 비표면적($S_{BET}$), 전체 기공부피(V$_T$), 그리고 평균 기공지름(D$_{BJH}$)을 포함하는 N$_2$ 등온 흡착 특성은 BET식을 이용하여 확인하였다. 또한, 메조포러스 실리카의 Pb(II)와 Cd(II)의 흡착 특성은 Zeta potential과 ICP를 이용하여 측정하였다. 그 결과, N$_2$ 등온 흡착으로부터 S$_{BET}$는 100$\sim$1,500 m$^2$/g이었으며, 평균 기공 크기는 2$\sim$4 nm이었다. 메조포러스 실리카의 Pb이온과 Cd이온의 흡착 특성은 용액의 pH변화에 의존하였고, 기존의 흡착제인 실리카겔보다 더 좋은 흡착 거동을 보였다.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.70-77
• /
• 1991

1-Benzyl-4-iodomethyl-2-azetidinone(BIMA)을 합성하여 iodomethyl기에 대한 전기화학적 환원을 direct current, differential pulse polarography, cyclic voltammetry 그리고 controlled potential coulometry 방법으로 연구하였다. BIMA의 환원과정은 1단계(-1.35 volts vs. Ag-AgCl)에서 완전비가역과 2전자이동후에 양성자가 첨가되는 EEC 반응기구로 진행되었으며 1-benzyl-4-methyl-2-azetidinone이 생성되었다. 양이온 계면활성제(cetyltrimethylammonium bromide)의 농도가 진하여질수록 양전위 이동이 있었으나 음이온 계면활성제(sodium lauryl sulfate)의 경우에는 2단계로 세분화되는 현상이 나타났다. pH변화에 따른 전극환원과정과 생성물 분석의 결과를 바탕으로 전기화학적 반응기구를 제안하였다.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.17-22
• /
• 2019

본 연구에서는 소수성 사슬의 길이를 증가시키고 1,4-부탄디올을 스페이서로 사용하여 양이온성 제미니형 계면활성제를 합성하였으며 $^1H-NMR$로 확인하였다. 합성한 계면활성제의 외형은 백색 분말로 나타났으며, Kraffts 점은 $0^{\circ}C$ 이하로 나타났다. 측정된 임계미셀농도(c.m.c)는 표면장력법에 의해 $1.8{\times}10^{-3}{\sim}6.5{\times}10^{-4}mol/L$이었고 표면 장력은 22.5~26.1 dyne/cm이었다. Ross-Miles 방법에 의한 CG 14-6E-14의 초기 거품 높이는 16 cm이었고 5 min 후 높이 14 cm를 나타내어, 가장 좋은 초기 기포력과 기포안정성을 갖는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 합성한 양이온 제미니 계면활성제와 일반적으로 사용하고 있는 cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)의 기포력 및 유화안정성을 비교하였다.

• Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering
• /
• 제35권11호
• /
• pp.2269-2282
• /
• 2018

Mixed micelle formation behavior of cationic surfactant-cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in aqueous as well as in urea medium from 303.15 K to 323.15 K at 5 K interval was carried out by conductometric method. The differences between the experimental values of critical micelle concentrations (cmc) and ideal critical micelle concentrations ($cmc^{id}$) illustrate the interaction between the amphiphiles studied. The values of micellar mole fraction ($X_1^{Rub}$ (Rubingh), $X_1^M$ (Motomura), $X_1^{Rod}$ (Rodenas) and $X_1^{id}$(ideal) of surfactant CTAB determined by different proposed models and outcome indicate high involvement of CTAB in SDS-CTAB mixed micellization, which enhance by means of the augment of mole fraction of CTAB. The negative value of interaction parameter (${\beta}$) showed an attractive interaction involving CTAB and SDS. Activity coefficients were less than unity in all case, which also reveals the presence of interaction between CTAB & SDS. The negative ${\Delta}G^0_m$ values imply the spontaneous mixed micellization phenomenon. The attained values of ${\Delta}H^0_m$ were positive at inferior temperature, while negative at superior temperature. The negative ${\Delta}H^0_m$ values in urea ($NH_2CONH_2$) medium illustrate exothermic micellization process. The magnitudes of ${\Delta}S^0_m$ were positive in almost all cases. The excess free energy of mixed micelle formation (${\Delta}G_{ex}$) was found to be negative, which indicates the stability of mixed micelle as compared to the individual's components micelles.

• Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering
• /
• 제35권11호
• /
• pp.2313-2320
• /
• 2018

Tetramethylene-1,4-bis(N,N-dodecylammonium bromide), cationic gemini surfactant, (12-4-12) was first synthesized with an one-step and shortened procedure and its interfacial and antimicrobial properties were compared with a conventional single-chain cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The interfacial and thermodynamic properties of both surfactants reveal that critical micelle concentration (CMC) of this novel synthetic cationic dimeric surfactant is lower than that of cationic monomeric surfactant at almost 15 times of its magnitude, which is due to the increase in hydrophobicity of the surfactant molecules by having dual hydrocarbon chains. In comparison with CTAB, the produced compound 12-4-12 yields much better interfacial and thermodynamic properties. The antimicrobial activities of the synthesized gemini surfactant were tested against eight strains of bacteria, as well as two strains of fungi. The results showed that both 12-4-12 compound and CTAB exhibited higher inhibitory effects on the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and fungi than that of Gram-negative bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentrations in molar of 12-4-12 against all tested Gram-negative bacteria were lower than those of CTAB, which is hypothetically due to the lower HLB together with smaller CMC values of our gemini surfactant.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.1336-1338
• /
• 2010

Three cobalt-iron Prussian Blue Analogues (PBAs) nanotubes contained with different alkali metal cations of K, Rb or Cs, respectively, were prepared by using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)/ethanol-water micelles as soft templates. The products were characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron micrograph (SEM), which confirmed the composition of the substances and their unique nanotube structures. Furthermore, the formation mechanism of the PBAs nanotubes was discussed and provided useful insight for further synthesis of nanotubes of other Prussian blue analogues.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제33권5호
• /
• pp.1527-1535
• /
• 2012

Selection of the most informative molecular descriptors from the original data set is a key step for development of quantitative structure activity/property relationship models. Recently, mutual information (MI) has gained increasing attention in feature selection problems. This paper presents an effective mutual information-based feature selection approach, named mutual information maximization by replacing collinear variables (MIMRCV), for nonlinear quantitative structure-property relationship models. The proposed variable selection method was applied to three different QSPR datasets, soil degradation half-life of 47 organophosphorus pesticides, GC-MS retention times of 85 volatile organic compounds, and water-to-micellar cetyltrimethylammonium bromide partition coefficients of 62 organic compounds.The obtained results revealed that using MIMRCV as feature selection method improves the predictive quality of the developed models compared to conventional MI based variable selection algorithms.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제26권11호
• /
• pp.1677-1681
• /
• 2005

Aldol condensation of 2-acetylthiophene, 2-acetylpyrrole and 2-acetylpyridine with different aromatic aldehydes were carried out in water in heterogeneous phases in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as cationic surfactant at room temperature. All the reactions occur in a short time with excellent yields of steroselective hetarylpropanones in water as environmental friendly solvent.

• 환경위생공학
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.78-84
• /
• 1995

Cationic surfactants can be used to modify surface of solids to promote adsorption of hydrophobic organic compounds. This behavior is due to the surfactant forming aggregate structure on the solid surface. Partition coefficients are commonly used to quantify the distribution of organic pollutants between the aqueous and particulate phases of aquatic system Partitioning of hydrophobic compounds to cetyltrimethylammonium bromide ( CTAB ) coated silicate has been investigated as a function of surfactant surface coverage at I=0 and 0.1 ionic strength. Toluene, Xylene, TCI sorption experiments demonstrated that the CTAB coated silicate was able to remove these hydrophobic organic compounds from solution The hydrophobic organic compound with the higher Kow had higher removals than lowest Kow hydrophobic organic compound.