• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.450-457
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• 2019

Objective : Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is commonly used surgical procedure for cervical degenerative disease. Among the various intervertebral spacers, the use of allografts is increasing due to its advantages such as no harvest site complications and low rate of subsidence. Although subsidence is a rare complication, graft collapse is often observed in the follow-up period. Graft collapse is defined as a significant graft height loss without subsidence, which can lead to clinical deterioration due to foraminal re-stenosis or segmental kyphosis. However, studies about the collapse of allografts are very limited. In this study, we evaluated risk factors associated with graft collapse. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 33 patients who underwent two level ACDF with anterior plating using allogenous bone graft from January 2013 to June 2017. Various factors related to cervical sagittal alignment were measured preoperatively (PRE), postoperatively (POST), and last follow-up. The collapse was defined as the ratio of decrement from POST disc height to follow-up disc height. We also defined significant collapses as disc heights that were decreased by 30% or more after surgery. The intraoperative distraction was defined as the ratio of increment from PRE disc height to POST disc height. Results : The subsidence rate was 4.5% and graft collapse rate was 28.8%. The pseudarthrosis rate was 16.7% and there was no association between pseudarthrosis and graft collapse. Among the collapse-related risk factors, pre-operative segmental angle (p=0.047) and intra-operative distraction (p=0.003) were significantly related to allograft collapse. The cut-off value of intraoperative distraction ${\geq}37.3%$ was significantly associated with collapse (p=0.009; odds ratio, 4.622; 95% confidence interval, 1.470-14.531). The average time of events were as follows: collapse, $5.8{\pm}5.7months$; subsidence, $0.99{\pm}0.50months$; and instrument failure, $9.13{\pm}0.50months$. Conclusion : We experienced a higher frequency rate of collapse than subsidence in ACDF using an allograft. Of the various preoperative factors, intra-operative distraction was the most predictable factor of the allograft collapse. This was especially true when the intraoperative distraction was more than 37%, in which case the occurrence of graft collapse increased 4.6 times. We also found that instrument failure occurs only after the allograft collapse.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.327-332
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• 2005

본 연구는 초등학생, 중학생, 고등학생 및 대학생 등 청소년 2,787명을 대상으로 100 mm Mirror Camera을 이용하여 Cobb's Angle이 $10^{\circ}$이상인 특발성 척추 측만증 이상자의 유병율을 성별과 연령별로 분석하였다. 연구 결과 Cobb's Angle이 $10^{\circ}$이상으로 특발성 척추 측만증인 자는 전체 2.787명 중 257명(9.2%)이었으며, 13세 이하(초등학생)가 132명, 16세 이하(중학생)가 52명, 18세 이하(고등학생)가 35명, 19세 이상(대학생)이 38명이었고, 연령 따른 1차 검사에서의 $x^2-test$ 분석결과 유의성이 없는 것으로 나타났으며, Cobb's Angle이 $10^{\circ}$이상인 대상자들의 측만발생 부위는 흉-요추부 147명(57.2%), 흉추부 81명(31.5%), 경-흉추부위 20명(7.8%), 요추부위 7명(2.7%), 경추부위 2명(0.8%)으로 흉-요추부위에서 가장 많은 빈도를 보였으며, 측만방향으로는 우측 183명(71.2%)으로 좌측 74명(28.8%)보다 높게 나타났다. 척추 측만증이 $10^{\circ}$이상인 대상자 중에서 주요 호소 부위는 느끼지 못함이 219명이었으며, 요추부위 18명, 경추부위 9명, 흉추부위 7명, 견부부위 2명, 골반부위와 온몸이 다 아프다고 한 대상자는 각각 1명으로 총 257명이었고, 척추 측만증이 있는 자와 대상자의 주요 호소증상간의 분산분석의 결과는 유의성이 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2013

Objectives This study was designed to investigate the correlation between the forward head posture and the spinal alignment. Methods We examined the whole spine x-rays of the 144 student sample. We measured the Craniovertebral angle (CVA), Cervical angle (CA), Thoracic kyphotic angle (TKA), lumbar lordosis angle (LLA) and Ferguson's angle (FA) of the students. We then analyzed the relationship between these angles. Results CVA had correlation with CA, but it was weak. There was significant correlation between CVA and TKA. There were no significant correlation among CVA, LLA and FA. Conclusions According to above results, there is a negative relationship between the CVA and the TKA - in that higher CVAs yielded lower TKAs. But CVA had no significant correlation with LLA or FA.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.67-75
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• 1999

The use of composite restorative materials is established due to continuing improvements in the materials and restorative techniques. Composite resins are widely used for the restoration of cervical lesions because of esthetics, good physical properties and working time. There are several types of cavity design for class V composite resin filling, but inappropriate cavity form may affect bonding failure, microleakage and fracture during mastication. Cavity preparations for composite materials should be as conservative as possible. The extent of the preparation is usually determined by the size, shape, and location of the defect. The design of the cavity preparation to receive a composite restoration may vary depending on several factors. In this study, 5 types of class V cavity were prepared on each maxillary central incisor. The types are; 1) V-shape, 2) round(U) shape, 3) box form, 4) box form with incisal bevel and 5) box form with incisal bevel and grooves for axial line angles. After restoration, in order to observe the concentration of stress at bonding surfaces of teeth and restorations, developing a 2-dimensional finite element model of labiopalatal section in tooth, surrounding bone, periodontal ligament and gingiva, based on the measurements by Wheeler, loading force from direction of 45 degrees from lingual side near the incisal edge was applied. This study analysed Von Mises stress with SuperSap finite element analysis program(Algor Interactive System, Inc.). The results were as follows : 1. Stress concentration was prevalent at tooth-resin bonding surface of cervical side on each model. 2. In model 2 without line angle, stress was distributed evenly. 3. Preparing bevel eliminated stress concentration much or less at line angle. 4. Model with round-shape distributed stress concentration more evenly than box-type model with sharp line angle, therefore decreased possibility of fracture. 5. Adding grooves to line angles had no effect of decreasing stress concentration to the area.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.20-29
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• 2006

임상에서 5급 와동의 형태 중에 흔히 발견되는 혼합형 (교합면 쪽은 쐐기형이고 치경부 쪽은 접시형)의 와동이 형성된 상악 제 2 소구치에 170 N의 하중을 가했을 때, 수복 전 후에 나타나는 와동변연부와 와동벽, 그리고 수복물의 응력 분포를 3차원적 유한요소 분석법으로 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 수복 전에 비해 수복 후 굽힘응력 이 집중되는 백악법랑경계와 와동저 선각부위 에서 응력이 감소하였다. 2. 수복 전에 비해 수복 후 교합면과 치경부의 와동변연과 와동벽에서는 응력이 증가하였다. 3. 혼합형 레진과 혼합형 / 흐름성 레진으로 수복하였을 때 흐름성 레진으로 수복한 경우보다 백악법랑경계와 와동저 선각부위에서 응력이 더 감소하였다. 4. 혼합형 레진과 혼합형 / 흐름성 레진으로 수복하였을때 흐름성 레진으로 수복한 경우보다 교합면과 치경부의 와동변연과 와동벽에서 응력이 더 증가하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.153-157
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of self-postural control on foot pressure in subjects with forward head posture. Methods: Forty-two healthy adults were recruited in this study. Participants were divided into two groups: The forward-head postural (FHP) group (craniovertebral angle<$53^{\circ}$, n=22) and the control group (craniovertebral angle${\geq}53^{\circ}$, n=20). In the FHP group, foot pressure was measured using three different standing postures: Comfortable standing posture (CSP), subjective neutral standing posture (SNSP), and neutral standing posture with visual feedback (NSP-VP). Each position was performed in random order. In the control group, foot pressure was measured only using the comfortable standing posture. Results: With respect to CSP and SNSP, there was a significant difference on heel pressure between the two groups (p<0.05). Regarding NSP-VP, however, there was no significant differences on heel pressure between the two groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: We suggest that cervical posture control using visual feedback has a positive effect on the distribution of foot pressure in subjects with forward head posture.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.108-111
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• 2018

Purpose: This study examined the effects of the forward head posture and tension type headache on neck movement among office workers. Methods: The subjects were 6 male and 21 female patients composed of a forward head posture group, forward head posture group with a tension type headache and a normal group. Each group consisted of 2 males and 7 females. The cranio-vertebral angle of the head and the angle of motion of the neck were measured. SPSS 23.0 was used for data analysis and one-way ANOVA was performed for the mean comparison of the neck movements in the three groups. Results: The participants had a limitation in the movement of all necks between the forward head posture group and forward head posture with tension type headache group compared to the normal subjects. The forward head posture with tension headache group had limited neck extension and lateral bending compared to the forward head posture group. Conclusion: Office workers have limitations in the movement of the neck when they are accompanied by forward head posture and tension headache. In particular, when accompanied with a tension headache, there is a restriction on the neck extension and side bending. This study is expected to provide basic data for the relief of tension headache and the treatment of forward head posture in office workers.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to find out factors(shoulder level, acromion-occipital length, spine alignment, spine-scapula inferior angle length) of pain of neck & shoulder by 3 Dimensional Moire Scanner. 50 female student s aged 20 to 25 years old participated who lived in Sun-cheon si Jeonnam. They were examined with three measurement methods(Visual Analogue Scale : VAS, Algometer, 3 Dimensional Moire Scanner(IBS-2000). According to the results of multiple regression analysis. 1) There was a significant difference with shoulder level and spine-scapula inferior angle based on VAS. 2) There was a significant difference with shoulder level based of Algometer measurement value in Rhomboid muscles.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.99-118
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• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to analyze trends of posture pattern in Korean literature. Methods : We searched four Korean databases (NDSL, RISS, OASIS, and KISTI) and classified the studies according to publication year and the study type. Additionally, we analyzed clinical research papers according to the predominant reported posture pattern, the type of study, assessment for clinical outcomes. Results : In total, 50 published studies were included in our analysis, and we determined the following: By study type, there were 37 interventional studies, 6 observational studies and 7 non-clinical research papers. In the interventional studies, the most common posture pattern was the forward head posture pattern, which was investigated in 22 studies. As a tool for evaluating posture pattern, cervical vertebral angle and the height of the scapula inferior angle are used most. Conclusions : Although this study has provided insight into the commonly investigated posture patterns types in Korean clinical studies, further research is required and future studies should include randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews in their analyses.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data necessary for the development of clothing that can improve the satisfaction of body shape of elderly men by examining subjective characteristics and characteristics of perception type of older men's body shape. Using the Q methodology, I investigated and analyzed the process of formation and main characteristics of subjectivity of various types of recognition that elderly men express about their body shape. There were four types of perception of body shape in elderly men: flat hip and bird legs skinny body, back bent and abdominal obese body, thick neck and upper body development body, forward cervical neck and protruding abdomen obese body. The actual body shape of elderly men was classified according to the bust, waist circumference, hip circumference, and body part angle. But recognition body shape of elderly men was classified by visual factors like the abdomen, the angle of the neck, the inclination of the back, the slope of the waist, and the degree of obesity. It is necessary to consider the trend of silver fashion which is increasing in demand. In addition, it is necessary to develop clothing patterns of comfortable fit through ergonomic study on the physical characteristics of older men. Consideration should be given to the design and pattern that can reduce the difference between the ideal body shape and the body shape recognized by older men.