• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.129-139
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• 2020

Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of supine JS cervical therapy and muscle release/strengthening technique in patients with acute neck pain caused by traffic accidents. Methods We studied 42 patients with acute neck pain caused by traffic accidents from July 1, 2019 to November 30, 2019. The study was conducted as a retrospective study which analyzes the patient's medical records. 21 patients (group A) had received supine JS cervical therapy and 21 patients (group B) had received muscle release/strengthening technique. We used the neck disability index (NDI) and visual analog scale (VAS) to evaluate improvements in symptoms and pain, and used the five point Likert scale to evaluate patient's satisfaction with chuna manual therapy. In each group, we compared the NDI and VAS of hospitalization day to those of 5 days later. Then we compared the NDI, VAS variation and five point Likert scale between the groups. Statistical analysis was conducted using the IBM SPSS for windows 25.0. Result Both group A and group B showed a statistically significant decrease in the NDI and VAS on the 5th day of hospitalization. In group A, there was a statistically significant decrease in the NDI compared to group B. The VAS and Five Point Likert Scale decrease was greater in group A than in group B, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion We found that using supine JS cervical therapy may be more effective than muscle release/strengthening technique in acute stage after traffic accidents.

• Journal of TMJ Balancing Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.8-12
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• 2012

Objectives: It has been reported to continue that temporomandibular joint balancing medicine (functional cerebrospinal therapy; FCST) is effective in treating incurable diseases in clinic recently. FCST is based on the results of restricted cervical rotation test, it means that the results of restricted cervical rotation test has a very high reliability on test results. Methods: This study has the aim to understand restricted cervical rotation test method and to use well with high technical skill. So manual muscle test method which was based on the upper limb lifting resistance test method are compared with restricted cervical rotation test method and had been discussed. Results: Results are that restricted cervical rotation test by using the passive motion of arrested persons (patients) have high the reliability and accuracy. Conclusions: It is concluded that restricted cervical rotation test is the new type of manual muscle tests and the results of test are very high the reliability and accuracy so that the acquirement of test method is helpful in clinic practically.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.18-27
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• 2010

Purpose: This study is to identify the muscle fatigue and pain by various cervical positions in the VDT work. Methods: Twenty two volunteers (11 males and 11 females) participated in this study. Each subject gazes monitor in front of them for thirty minutes in the three cervical positions (neutral, 30 degree flexed, and 30 degree extended positions). Visual analogue scale (VAS) for the pain and pressure pain threshold(PPT) of the trapezius and levator scapula for the muscle fatigue were measured every fifteen minutes. Results: VASs after 15 minutes were $1.23{\pm}0.43$ in neutral, $3.0{\pm}0.93$ in flexed, and $5.27{\pm}1.03$ in extended position respectively and increased to $1.5{\pm}0.67$, $4.59{\pm}1.26$, and $7.73{\pm}0.98$ after 30 minutes. The order of magnitude of VAS was extended, flexed, and neutral position(p<0.01). PPTs in both sides of upper trapezius and levator scapula muscles were decreased at the three positions after 15 and 30 minutes respectively(p<0.01). There were no statistical differences of PPTs in neutral and flexed positions after 15 and 30 minutes(p<0.01). Extended position showed lowest PPTs in both side of upper trapezius and levator scapula muscles after 15 and 30 minutes(p<0.01). There were statistical differences of PPTs in extended position and the other two positions after 15 and 30 minutes(p<0.01). Conclusion: The cervical position that has the most influence on the cervical muscle fatigue and pain in the VDT work is extended position.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.43-53
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• 2023

Background: Patients with neck pain develop instability due to muscle imbalance, decreased proprioception, and balance disorders. Studies have examined various exercise methods as treatment methods, but few studies have compared the effects of cervical stabilization exercise and dynamic balance exercise. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dynamic balance exercise on pain, functional level, and psychosocial level in patients with non-specific chronic neck pain. Methods: Thirty-four non-specific chronic neck pain patients were randomly assigned to the experimental group (EG, n=17) and control group (CG, n=17); the cervical stabilization exercise and dynamic balance exercise program were applied to the EG; and only the cervical stabilization exercise program was applied to the CG. The intervention was conducted twice a week, for six weeks. Assessment items evaluated pain, dysfunction (Korean version neck disability index), range of motion, craniocervical flexion test, cervical deep flexor endurance test, and psychosocial level. Data analysis was performed using intention-to-treat analysis as assigned. To analyze differences in the items assessed in the two groups, we used a repeated measures analysis of variance with an interaction between group (EG, CG) and time point (baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks). Results: The endurance of the cervical flexor muscles between the group and the measurement point after intervention (p<.05). Both groups showed significantly improved endurance between time points after the intervention (p<.05), with the EG showing a greater change than the CG. None of the other measurement items differed in the pattern of change between measurement points. Conclusion: In conclusion, the EG applying a cervical stabilization exercise and a dynamic balance exercise experienced a significant difference in muscle endurance improvement compared to the CG. We propose an exercise intervention program that includes stabilization exercises and dynamic balance exercises for patients with chronic cervical pain who lack muscle endurance.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

Background: As the increase of forward head position, we studied the change of thickness of deep cervical flexor (DCF) compared of with sternocleidomastoid (SCM). we measured and analysed the change of thickness of the neck flexor for forward head position and cranio-cervical flexion exercise (CCFE). Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we conducted the study selecting 35 healthy adults (12 males, 23 females). We measured the craniovertebral angle (CVA), instructed them to perform the CCFE, and measured the DCF and SCM using ultrasonography during the contraction and relaxation period. Results: Intra-reliability of SCM is .96, longus capitis is .92 and longus coli is .97. we compared according to the change of forward head position, Correlation of DCF is .841, and DCF/SCM is .754 by significant positive correlation. At the comparison of CCFE and Resting muscle thickness, SCM and DCF is .00, DCF/SCM is .68. Conclusion: There is a strong positive correlation between the change amount of DCF and DCF/SCM as the increase of CVA.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1-19
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to explore the trends of Chuna(manipulation) treatment on neck pain and cervical disc displacement. Methods : We set up the two searching strategies and investigated the latest clinical trials on Chuna(manipulation) therapy for Neck disorders and cervical disc herniation through PubMed search. The searched papers were analyzed and the year, journals, article types of literatures were examined. Of the articles, Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) are assessed by Jadad scale. Results : Studies on Chuna(manipulation) treatment to cervical disc herniation were very few. Articles on Chuna(manipulation) treatment to neck pain were relatively more than those of cervical disc herniation. The most frequently published journal was J Manipulative Physiol Ther. The main design of study was RCT. The limited quality assessment of RCT was conducted by Jadad scale and the average Jadad score was 1.73, which indicates low quality in terms of Jadad evaluation criteria. Conclusions : International trends of studies on Chuna therapy of cervical disease is increasingly reviewed. Although this review has several limitations, analyzing the latest trends of studies on Chuna(manipulation) treatment on neck pain and cervical disc displacement is necessary for further studies.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.57-67
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• 2006

Musculoskeletal neck dysfunction syndromes are common in outpatient musculoskeletal pain practice. The underlying musculoskeletal and neurologic causes of pain are variable. In the management of these patients, it is important to accurately identify and treat these pain generators to optimize patient outcome. It is the purpose of this review to discuss three main categories of functional anatomy, the role of superficial/deep muscular system and the scientific evidence for optimal physical therapy intervention for cervical dysfunction. Specifically there is evidence of lowered microcirculation in the upper trapezius muscle, morphological signs of disturbed mitochondrial function which appears to be limited to type I fibers and an increased cross-sectional area of type I muscle fibers despite a lower capillary to fiber area ratio. In acute neck pain syndrome, changes in muscle activity of painful muscles may result from segmental and supraspinal inhibitory effects. Muscle activation is closely related to the control of joint movements and postures and it is difficult to separate the influence of the two components. Both the altered muscle recruitment patterns and altered kinematics appear to be a poor adaptation for pain of the head - neck region, as they are likely to result in increased compressive loading in the cervical spine, affecting muscles, articular structures such as zygapophyseal joints, connective tissues and neural tissues which are all peripheral generators of referred pain. The rectus capitus posterior minor muscle shows that it is one of the most important muscles of the suboccipital region. In this article, i reviewed the anatomy, neurophysiology, function and dysfunction as well as the treatment of cervical dysfunction.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.105-111
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• 2011

Objects : This study was to report a clinical effect of Chuna Treatment for HIVD-cervical spine Failed Back Surgery Syndrome(FBSS) patient. Methods : In order to alleviate both arm tingling, numbness and neck stiffness, the patient was treated by acupuncture therapy, cervical traction technique of Chuna treatment and conservative managements. To evaluate the effect of the treatment, Recovery rate of Hirabayashi, Verbal Numerical Rating Scale(VNRS) and Neck Disability Index(NDI) score were used. Results : VNRS and NDI were improved and Recovery rate was 100%. Conclusions : Korean Treatment can be effectively used for a patient with HIVD-cervical spine FBSS patient. Further clinical studies are needed to verify the findings.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 2012

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of modality, taping and joint mobilization for patients with acute whiplash-associated disorders. Methods: Joint mobilization technique and kinesio taping was done to the patients who diagnosed with acute whiplash-associated disorders due to traffic accidents. Results: We got the results that it is quite effective to increase cervical range of motion and decrease the pain, according to the results, present study was performed to assess the impact on the neck disability index and fatigability. Conclusion: Joint mobilization technique applied to a person and taping applied to the other person then both people increasing cervical range of motion and reducing pain for the treatment of patients with acute whiplash-associated disorders was effective.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.149-154
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• 2020

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the Kaltenborn-Evjenth concept of nerve mobilization combined with intermittent cervical segment traction (ICST) on pain, Neck Disability Index (NDI) scores, range of motion (ROM) and endurance in persons with cervical radiculopathy (CR). Design: Two-group pretest-posttest design. Methods: Thirty subjects participated in this study and were randomly assigned to two groups. The ICST group (n=15) was performed simultaneously with nerve mobilization and cervical traction for the segment with cervical pain at the same time. The intermittent cervical total traction (ICTT) group (n=15) performed nerve mobilization and cervical traction for the whole cervical area at the same time. In this study, outcome measures such as the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), NDI, ROM, endurance (cranio-cervical flexion test), and passive intervertebral motion performed before and 4 weeks after the experiment were compared to investigate the effects of each intervention. Results: In both groups, there were significant differences in the VAS, NDI scores, and endurance, and there were significant differences between the two groups except for endurance (p<0.05). In the ICST group, significant differences were found in all ROM, and in the ICTT group, significant differences were found in only extension, and there were significant differences between the two groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: The ICST group showed more improvement than the ICTT group in pain, NDI scores and ROM. Moreover, our findings show that the ICST could be used as a new strategy for manual therapy in persons with CR.