• Membrane Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2010

Cermet membrane was fabricated with tantalum as hydrogen-permeable metal and $Y_2O_3$-stabilized $ZrO_2$ (YSZ) as ceramic supporter. Ta/YSZ cermet membrane was prepared through pre-sintering in He atmosphere and then main sintering under high vacuum and the impurities to originate from sintering and brazing could be removed by mechanical polishing. As-prepared membrane showed dense structure with continuous channel of tantalum. Hydrogen permeation experiment was conducted in the region of $200{\sim}350^{\circ}C$ using Ta/YSZ membrane coated with Pd for hydrogen dissociation. The crack in membrane was formed at $300^{\circ}C$ and the Pd coating layer has flaked off in spots. XRD results showed that tantalum reacted with hydrogen to form $Ta_2H$. The lattice expansion by $Ta_2H$ caused deterioration for membrane.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.148-154
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• 2011

Metal-ceramic composite membrane have been developed to separate hydrogen from mixed gases, particularly product streams generated during coal gasification and methane reforming. Cermet membrane was fabricated with palladium as hydrogen-permeable metal and $Y_2O_3$-stabilized $ZrO_2$ (YSZ) as ceramic supporter. As-prepared membrane showed dense structure with continuous channel of palladium. The hydrogen flux of Pd/YSZ membrane have been measured in the range of 0.5~2 atm with 100% hydrogen gas. The results indicate that the hydrogen flux was 0.333 mL/$min{\cdot}cm^2$ at $450^{\circ}C$ and 2 atm. The crack was formed in the surface and cross-section of membrane.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.62-68
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• 2010

The powder mixture for fabricating the cermet membranes was prepared by mechanically mixing 60 vol.% vanadium with $Y_2O_3$-stabilized $ZrO_2$ (YSZ). The powder mixture was pressed into disks, which were then sintered in vacuum at $1600^{\circ}C$ for 2 h. As-sintered membrane was dense and mounted to a stainless steel ring with brazing filler. Hydrogen fluxes of V/YSZ membrane have been measured in the range of $200{\sim}350^{\circ}C$ with 100% $H_2$. The crack was formed in the both sides of membrane at $350^{\circ}C$ and pressure of 0.5 bar. During permeation experiment, vanadium of V/YSZ membrane reacted with hydrogen to form $V_2H$ which was the origin of crack formation.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.648-653
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• 2012

Hybridization of dense ceramic membranes for hydrogen separation with an electronically conductive metallic phase is normally utilized to enhance the hydrogen permeation flux and thereby to increase the production efficiency of hydrogen. In this study, we developed a nickel and proton conducting oxide ($BaCe_{0.9}Y_{0.1}O_{3-{\delta}}$: BCY) based cermet (ceramic-metal composites) membrane. Focused on the general criteria in that the hydrogen permeation properties of a cermet membrane depend on its microstructural features, such as the grain size and the homogeneity of the mix, we tried to optimize the microstructure of Ni-BCY cermets by controlling the fabrication condition. The Ni-BCY composite powder was synthesized via a solid-state reaction using $2NiCO_3{\cdot}3Ni(OH)_2{\cdot}4H_2O$, $BaCeO_3$, $CeO_2$ and $Y_2O_3$ as a starting material. To optimize the mixing scale and homogeneity of the composite powder, we employed a high-energy milling process. With this high-energy milled composite powder, we could fabricate a fine-grained dense membrane with an excellent level of mixing homogeneity. This controlled Ni-BCY cermet membrane showed higher hydrogen permeability compared to uncontrolled Ni-BCY cermets created with a conventionally ball-milled composite powder.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.264-270
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• 2010

Recently, the most promising methods for high purity hydrogen production are membranes separation such as polymer, metal, ceramic and composites. It is well known that Pd and Pd-alloys membranes have excellent properties for hydrogen separation. However, it has hydrogen embrittlement and high cost for practical applications. Therefore, most scientists have studied new materials instead of Pd and Pd-alloys. On the other hand, TiN powders are great in resistance to acids and chemically stable under high operating temperature. In order to get specimens for hydrogen permeation, the TiN powders synthesized were consolidated together with Co, Ni powders by hot press sintering (HPS). During the consolidation of powders at HPS, heating rate was 10 K/min and the pressure was 10 MPa. It was characterized by XRD, SEM. Also, we estimated the hydrogen permeability by Sievert's type hydrogen permeation membrane equipment.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.477-480
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• 2014

An $Al_2O_3$-CuO-ZnO (ACZ) precursor powder was synthesized by a facial sol-gel process using a nonionic surfactant span 80 as the chelating agent to improve the surface area and morphology. When creating a hydrogen membrane, several kinds of properties are required, such as easy dissociation of hydrogen molecules, fast hydrogen diffusion, high hydrogen solubility, and resistance to hydrogen embrittlement. ACZ-Ni composite membranes (cermet) were prepared with this precursor and pure Ni powder via the hot press sintering (HPS) method. The ACZ powder was characterized by XRD, BET, and FE-SEM. Hydrogen permeation experiments were performed by Sievert's type of hydrogen permeation membrane equipment. The hydrogen permeability of ACZ/Ni 10 wt% and ACZ/Ni 20 wt% was obtained as 7.2 and $10molm^{-2}s^{-1}$ at RT, respectively. These values of the corresponding membranes were slightly increased with increasing pressures.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

In recent days, fuel cell has received attention from the world as an alternative power source to hydrocarbon used in automobile engines. With the industrial advances of fuel cell, There have been a lot of researches actively conducted to find a way of generating hydrogen. Among many hydrogen production methods, Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell(SOEC) is not only a basic way but also environment-friendly method to produce hydrogen gas. Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell has lower electrical energy demands and high thermal efficiency since it is possible to operate under high temperature and high pressure conditions. For these reasons, experimental researches as well as studies on numerical modeling for Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell have been under way. However, studies on numerical modeling are relatively less enough than experimental accomplishments and have limited performance prediction, which mostly is considered as a result from inadequate effects of electrochemical properties by temperature and pressure. In this study, various experimental studies of commercial Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) composed of Ni-YSZ (40wt%, Ni-60 wt% YSZ)/8-YSZ (TOSOH, TZ8Y)/LSM (La_0.9Sr_0.1MnO₃) was utilized for improving effectiveness of SOEC model. After numerically analyzing effects of electrochemical properties according to operating temperature, causing the largest deviation between experiments and simulation are that Charge Transfer Coefficient (CTC), exchange current density, diffusion coefficient, electrical conductivity in SOEC. Analyzing temperature effect on parameter used in overpotential model is conducted for modeling of SOEC. cross-validation method is adopted for application of various MEA and evaluating feasibility of model. As a result, the study confirm that the numerical model of SOEC based on structured process of effectiveness evaluation makes performance prediction better.