• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.531-535
• /
• 1998

This study was conducted to test the effect of chitosan, grape fruit seed extracts(GFSE) and sodium hypochloride gas on the control of mycotoxin producing pathogens occurred kin postharvest grains. Among the treatments, sodium hypochloride gas showed the highest control effect on wheat, soybean and corn see maintained in natural conditions after postharvest and GFSE had a little control effect, but chitosan treatment had no effect. Sodium hypochloride gas exhibited the strongest control effect on the major mycotoxin producing pathogens such as Penicillium spp. Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp., whereas GFSE had a little control effect. Sodium hypochloride gas appeared to be effective when the grains were treated with this gas more than 24 hours.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.83-102
• /
• 2001

Phytic acid (myo-inositol hexaphosphate or IP6) is the major storage form of phosphorus in cereals and legumes, representing 18 to 88% of the total phosphorus. Phytate form of phosphorus is not readily utilized by monogastric animals and this result causes pollution problem by phosporus released in areas of intensive livestock production. The interaction between phytic acid and essential dietary minerals, protein, or vitamins is considered to be one of the primary factors limiting the nutritional values of cereals and legunes in monogastric animals. Attempts have been made to hydrolyze dietary phytic acid by phytases to improve the feed quality and to decrease the amount of phosphorus excreted by animals. Phytase(myo-inositol hexakisphosphate phosphohydrolase) hydrolyzes phytic acid to myo-inositol and phosphoric acid. Two types of phytases are known: 3-phytase (EC 3.1.3.8) and 6-phytase (EC 3.1.3.26), indicating the intial attack to the susceptable phosphoester bond. Because of its great industrial importance, there is ongoing interest in isolating new bacterial strains producing novel and efficient phytases.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.49 no.spc1
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2004

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 1998.04a
• /
• pp.195-196
• /
• 1998

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 2019.04a
• /
• pp.91-91
• /
• 2019

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.136-141
• /
• 1993

A curd yogurt was prepared from milk added with skim milk powder or four kinds of cereal. The effect of cereals at 2%(w/v) level on the pattern of volatile aroma compounds in curd yogurt was investigated. Acetaldehyde, acetone, ethanol, diacetyl, butanol and acetoin in curd yogurt were detected by gas chromatographic analysis. Among these compounds, acetaldehyde, ethanol, diacetyl and acetoin were produced during fermentation by Lactobacillus acidophilus (KCTC 2182). The addition of cereals did not affect markedly general pattern of volatile aroma compounds in curd yogurt. The amount of acetoin and ethanol markedly increased until the first 6 hours of fermentation, and then increased mildly until 24 hours. The amount of diacetyl markedly increased until the first 6 hours and then decreased slightly. Acetaldehyde was first detected by gas chromatograph after 18 hours of fermentation.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.12 no.6
• /
• pp.534-539
• /
• 1999

The major mycotoxins were detected from wheat(Triticum aestivum L.), soybean(Glycine max Merr.) and com(Zea mays L.), infected postharvest phathogens, Penicillium, Aspergillus and Fusarium. Analyses of the major mycotoxins were conducted using HPLC analysis. Detected Penicillium mycotoxins of infected cereals were brefeldin A with amount ranged from 3.1 to 1240 ppm, citreoviridin with amount ranged from 40 to 80 ppm, griseofulvin with amount ranged from 3.6 to 26.0 ppm, citrinin with amount ranged from 0.3 to 4.0 ppm and patulin with amount ranged from 420 to 3800 ppm. Aspergillus toxins of infected postharvest wheat, soybean and corn were ochratoxin A with amount of 730 ppm, 12.4 ppm and 310 ppm, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.62-67
• /
• 2001

In order to investigate the harmful effects of Fusarium, producing mycotoxins, contaminated cereals, two months feeding study was carried out in SPF-ICR mice. Mice diets were incorporated with 30% Fusarium infected wheat, nepal barley or barley. The wheat was processed to flour. The nepal barley and barley were polished by 68% and 58%, respectively. The cereal incorporating amount in mice diet were 0, 10, 30 and 50% for each processed cereal. Five week-old mice were fed with the prepared diet for 2 months. The effects of Fusarium contaminated cereals on the mice were observed after the feeding. The rates of body weight gain, diet and water consumption were not changed. There were no significant changes on hematology, blood biochemistry, gross and histopathological evaluation, organ weights in all treatment groups. These results suggest that the diets have no deleterious effects to ICR mice.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.5 no.6
• /
• pp.548-552
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to estimate the daily manganese (Mn) intake of Korean children. This study was done using a three-day dietary intake survey of 257 Korean children (boys 123; girls 134). The Mn intake values were calculated based on a database that provides the Mn content of the frequently consumed Korean foods, alongside the food composition table provided by the Korean National Rural Living Science Institute. The average age, height, weight and body mass index of our subjects were 11.9 years, 155.4 cm, 48.9 kg and 20.2 kg/$m^2$ in boys and 11.9 years, 154.1 cm, 43.5 kg and 18.3 kg/$m^2$ in girls. The average daily energy intakes were 2,249.2 kcal in boys and 2,044.5 kcal in girls. Boys consumed significantly more Mn than girls, based on intake estimates of $4,585.3{\mu}g$ (117.6% of adequate intake) and $4,029.3{\mu}g$ (117.1% of adequate intake), respectively (P < 0.001). Boys had a Mn intake of $2,041.1{\mu}g$ per 1,000 kcal of energy consumption, whereas for girls this was at $1,983.9{\mu}g$ per 1,000 kcal. Neither group exceeded the tolerable upper intake level for Mn. The major food groups which contributed to Mn intake in our subjects were cereals (50.8%), vegetables (21.0%), seasonings (8.9%), and pulses (7.7%). Notably, boys derived a higher Mn intake through cereals and vegetable than did girls (P < 0.001, P < 0.05). The key food sources of Mn, in descending order, were rice, soybean curd, kimchi, black rice and cereals. We propose that the results of our study may be used as a basis for follow-up studies that examine the Mn intake of children.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.25-34
• /
• 2003

High dietary phytate is a known factor in reducing the bioavailability of minerals such as zinc and calcium which are already chronically low in the Korean diet. This study was conducted to develop methods for reducing dietary phytate through the addition of phytate and/or the substitution of high phytate foods with low phytate foods. Ten units of phytase per 100g of uncooked brown rice were added to brown rice gruel resulted in a 16.2% phytate reduction after a 3-hour incubation period; an 18.2% reduction was produced after a 6-hour incubation period. The addition of ten units of phytase per 100g of soybean curd residue at 45$^{\circ}C$, followed by refrigeration for 3 hours, resulted in a 19.1% phytate reduction. The addition of 20 units of phytase under the same conditions reduced phytate content by 24.6%. In this study, two typical Korean meals consisting of legumes and unrefined cereals were prepared as high phytate meals; these were then compared to low phytate meals that had been prepared by treating the foods with phytase and substituting unrefined with refined cereals (i.e., brown rice with white rice, whole wheat bread with white bread). The phytate content of the two high phytate meals was 1878.2mg and 1811.8mg. After the addition of phytase and the food substitution, the phytate content of the low phytate meals was reduced to 788.9mg and 606.0mg. The phytate to zinc molar ratio of high phytate diets was 22.4 and 21.3 and 9.4 and 7.9 for the low phytate meals. These results indicate that the nutritional status of Koreans in terms zinc and other minerals can be improved by phytate reduction. This can be accomplished through the change of milling process for some cereals and/or the enzyme treatment of some high phytate food items.