• BMB Reports
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2004

The discovery of biochemical and cellular functions of unannotated gene products begins with a database search of proteins with structure/sequence homologues based on known genes. Very recently, a number of frontier groups in structural biology proposed a new paradigm to predict biological functions of an unknown protein on the basis of its three-dimensional structure on a genomic scale. Structural proteomics (genomics), a research area for structure-based functional discovery, aims to complete the protein-folding universe of all gene products in a cell. It would lead us to a complete understanding of a living organism from protein structure. Two major complementary experimental techniques, X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy, combined with recently developed high throughput methods have played a central role in structural proteomics research; however, an integration of these methodologies together with comparative modeling and electron microscopy would speed up the goal for completing a full dictionary of protein folding space in the near future.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.39.1-39.1
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• 2018

Although it is agreed that the gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) invoke highly relativistic jets with bulk Lorentz factors of a few hundreds, the exact physical mechanism producing such powerful gamma-rays still remains debated. Three outstanding and important questions in the field concern (1) the composition of GRB jets (i.e., matter-dominated vs Poynting-flux-dominated), (2) the involved radiative process responsible for the observed gamma-rays (i.e., synchrotron mechanism vs photospheric radiation), and (3) the distance of the emitting region from the central engine where the prompt gamma-rays are released (i.e., ~10^12 cm vs 10^14 cm vs 10^16 cm). I will present recent important breakthroughs that we have made, which answer these three questions.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.173-180
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• 2002

Images taken with the Chandra X-ray telescope have for the the first time revealed the central, wind-driven, hot bubble (Chu et al. 2001), while Hubble Space Telescope (HST) WFPC2 images of the Cat's Eye nebula, NGC 6543, show that the temperature of the halo region of angular radius ~ 20", is much higher than that of the inner bright H II region. With the coupling of a photoionization calculation to a hydrodynamic simulation, we predict the observed 〔O III〕 line intensities of the halo region with the same O abundance as in the core H II region: oxygen abundance gradient does not appear to exist in the NGC 6543 inner halo. An interaction between a (leaky) fast stellar wind and halo gas may cause the higher excitation temperatures in the halo region and the inner hot bubble region observed with the Chandra X-ray telescope.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.173-176
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• 2016

We report on a systematic analysis of the spin and superorbital modulations of the high-mass X-ray binary 4U 0114+650, which consists of the slowest spinning neutron star known. Utilizing dynamic power spectra, we found that the spin period varied dramatically during the RXTE ASM and Swift BAT observations. This variation consists of a long-term spin-up trend, and two ~1,000 day and one ~600 day random walk epochs previously, MJD 51,000, ~MJD 51,400-52,000, and ~MJD 55,100-56,100. We further found that the events appear together with depressions of superorbital modulation amplitude. This provides evidence of the existence of an accretion disk, although the physical mechanism of superorbital modulation remains unclear. Furthermore, the decrease of the superorbital modulation amplitude may be associated with the decrease of mass accretion rate from the disk, and may distribute the accretion torque of the neutron star randomly in time.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.71-73
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• 1996

The molecular structure of pirprofen, 3-chloro-4-(2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-.alpha.-methyl-benzeneacetic acid, was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The compound was recrystallized from a mixture of chloroform and toluene in triclinic, space group P over $\bar1,\; with\; a=4.577(1),\; b=11.213(2),\; C=12.485(2){\AA},\alpa.=107.39(1),\;\beta=97.79(1),\;\gamma=92.03(2),\; and Z=2$ The calculated density is $1.384 g/cm^3$. The structure was solved by the direct method and refined by full matrix least-squares procedure to the final R value of 0.034 for 1681 independent reflections. The non-aromatic dihydropyrrol group is found to be coplanar to the central aromatic ring. The molecules are dimerized through the intermolecular hydrogen bonds at the carboxyl group in the crystal.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.43-46
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• 2005

[1] There are systematical errors associated with ionospheric influence in retrieving key atmospheric parameters from radio occultation (RO) soundings. In order to obtain better-quality retrievals, we develop a new method, hereafter called National Central University Radio Occultation (NCURO) scheme, to reduce the ionospheric influence. The excess phase is divided into two parts, namely geometric excess length and path excess length (excess length along ray path due to refractivity effect). An excess phase equation is presented and implemented in the NCURO scheme Whose performance is evaluated through comparisons with model simulation and experimental data. The model simulation is based on the use of the ionospheric model 002001 and atmospheric model NRLMSISE-OO. Results show that the NCURO scheme significantly reduces the ionospheric influence at altitudes above 70 km as does the scheme presented in the literature, and provides better corrections for the atmospheric profile. INDEX TERMS: 2400 Ionosphere: Ionosphere; 6964 Radio Science: Radio wave propagation; 6969 Radio Science: Remote sensing.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.714-719
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• 2014

A pico-projector is a compact and mobile projector that has an infinite focus. We apply the pico-projector to a projection-type integral imaging system, which can expand the image depth to form multiple central depth planes. In a projection-type integral imaging system, the image flipping problem arises because the expanded elemental images pass through a lens array. To solve this problem, we propose the ray tracing of a pico-projector at a central depth plane and compensate the elemental image using a pixel-mapping process. Experiments to verify the proposed method are performed, and the results are presented.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2005

The structure of the title compound has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction work. The crystals are orthorhombic, space group $Pna2_1$ with a=11.095(3), b=21.834(7), c=12.574(4) $\AA$, and R1=0.0667. The average carbon bond length in aromaticity In the molecule is 1.386(1) $\AA$ and the average single bond length linking the central benEene ring and peripheral phenyl rings is 1.491(3) $\AA$. The average dihedral angle between the central benzene ring and each of six peripheral phenyl rings is $67.1(1)^{\circ}$ and the average dihedral angle between neighboring two phenyl rings is $55.0(1)^{\circ}$. Thus the molecule adopts a quasi-propeller configuration with approximate six-fold rotation symmetry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.212-216
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• 2007

Predicting microcracking properties of the composite laminates in nonuniform stress conditions was the subject in this paper. The uniform stress field meant the stresses were independent of the width direction. The material was the 954-2A/IM7 laminates containing a central hole. Microcracks initiated at the edge of the hole and propagated into the laminate. Because the tensile stress concentration decreased with distance, the microcracks were arrested before the edge of the laminate. Because carbon fiber composites were opaque, a x-ray method was used to detect the length of the propagating microcracks. The microcracking at the near edge of the hole could be reasonably predicted by considering the local laminate stresses and the microcracking toughness measured in unnotched laminates. However, the date away from the hole did not agree with the predictions. The local microcrack density was always much higher than that predicted by the local laminate stress.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.541-544
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• 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia is a recent outbreak in mainland China and has rapidly spread to multiple countries worldwide. Pulmonary parenchymal opacities are often observed during chest radiography. Currently, few cases have reported the complications of severe COVID-19 pneumonia. We report a case where serial follow-up chest computed tomography revealed progression of pulmonary lesions into confluent bilateral consolidation with lower lung predominance, thereby confirming COVID-19 pneumonia. Furthermore, complications such as mediastinal emphysema, giant bulla, and pneumothorax were also observed during the course of the disease.