• 제목/요약/키워드: Central composite

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Statistical Optimization of the Growth Factors for Chaetoceros neogracile Using Fractional Factorial Design and Central Composite Design

  • Jeong, Sung-Eun;Park, Jae-Kweon;Kim, Jeong-Dong;Chang, In-Jeong;Hong, Seong-Joo;Kang, Sung-Ho;Lee, Choul-Gyun
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제18권12호
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    • pp.1919-1926
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    • 2008
  • Statistical experimental designs; involving (i) a fractional factorial design (FFD) and (ii) a central composite design (CCD) were applied to optimize the culture medium constituents for production of a unique antifreeze protein by the Antartic micro algae Chaetoceros neogracile. The results of the FFD suggested that NaCl, KCl, $MgCl_2$, and ${Na}_{2}{SiO}_{3}$ were significant variables that highly influenced the growth rate and biomass production. The optimum culture medium for the production of an antifreeze protein from C. neogracile was found to be Kalle's artificial seawater, pH of $7.0{\pm}0.5$, consisting of 28.566 g/l of NaCl, 3.887 g/l of $MgCl_2$, 1.787 g/l of $MgSO_4$, 1.308 g/l of $CaSO_4$, 0.832 g/l of ${K_2}{SO_4}$, 0.124 g/l of $CaCO_3$, 0.103 g/l of KBr, 0.0288 g/l of $SrSO_4$, and 0.0282 g/l of ${H_3}{BO_3}$. The antifreeze activity significantly increased after cells were treated with cold shock (at $-5^{\circ}C$) for 14 h. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating an antifreeze-like protein of C. neogracile.

반응표면분석법-중심합성계획을 이용한 최적 응집제 주입량 산정 연구 (Optimization of coagulant dosage using response surface methodology with central composite design)

  • 김예슬;오재일
    • 상하수도학회지
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    • 제29권2호
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    • pp.193-202
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    • 2015
  • The determining the appropriate dosage of coagulant is very important, because dosage of coagulant in the coagulation process for wastewater affects removing the amount of pollutants, cost, and producing sludge amount. Accordingly, in this study, in order to determine the optimal PAC dosage in the coagulation process, CCD (Central composite design) was used to proceed experimental design, and the quadratic regression models were constructed between independent variables (pH, influent turbidity, PAC dosage) and each response variable (Total coliform, E.coli, PSD (Particle size distribution) (< $10{\mu}m$), TP, $PO_4$-P, and $COD_{cr}$) by the RSM (Response surface methodology). Also, Considering the various response variables, the optimum PAC dosage and range were derived. As a result, in order to maximize the removal rate of total coliform and E.coli, the values of independent variables are the pH 6-7, the influent turbidity 100-200 NTU, and the PAC dosage 0.07-0.09 ml/L. For maximizing the removal rate of TP, $PO_4$-P, $COD_{cr}$, and PSD(< $10{\mu}m$), it is required for the pH 9, the influent turbidity 200-250 NTU, and the PAC dosage 0.05-0.065 ml/L. In the case of multiple independent variables, when the desirable removal rate for total coliform, E.coli, TP, and $PO_4$-P is 90-100 % and that for $COD_{cr}$ and PSD(< $10{\mu}m$) is 50-100 %, the required PAC dosage is 0.05-0.07 ml/L in the pH 9 and influent turbidity 200-250 NTU. Thus, if the influent turbidity is high, adjusting pH is more effective way in terms of cost since a small amount of PAC dosage is required.

전기응집/부상 공정을 이용한 염료 처리에 중심합성설계와 반응표면분석법의 적용 (Application of the Central Composite Design and Response Surface Methodology to the Treatment of Dye using Electrocoagulation/flotation Process)

  • 김동석;박영식
    • 한국물환경학회지
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.35-43
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    • 2010
  • This experimental design and response surface methodology (RSM) have been applied to the investigation of the electrocoagulation/flotation of dye wastewater. The electrocoagulation/flotation reactions were mathematically described as a function of parameters current (A), NaCl concentration (B), initial RhB concentration (C) and time (D) being modeled by use of the central composite design (CCD). The application of RSM using the CCD yielded the following regression equation, which is an empirical relationship between the RhB removal (%) and test variables in RhB removal (%) = $-300.42+129.21{\cdot}Current+46.99{\cdot}NaCl-0.11{\cdot}RhB-+43.71{\cdot}Time-5.67{\cdot}Current{\cdot}NaCl-3.18{\cdot}Current{\cdot}Time-2.41{\cdot}NaCl{\cdot}Time-19.79{\cdot}Current^2-2.27{\cdot}NaCl^2-1.59{\cdot}Time^2$. the model predictions agreed well with the experimentally observed result ($R^{2}=0.9728$). The estimated ridge of maximum response and optimal conditions for RhB removal (%) using canonical analysis was 99.4% (A: 1,77 A, NaCl concentration: 2.23 g/L, RhB concentration: 56.12 mg/L, Time: 9.98 min). To confirm this optimum condition, three additional experiments were performed and RhB removal (%) were within range of 86.87% (95% PI low)~111.93% (95% PI high) obtained.

도재 라미네이트와 복합레진 수복 시 치간이개 양에 따른 접착계면의 응력분포에 관한 3차원 유한요소법적 연구 (THE EFFECT OF THE AMOUNT OF INTERDENTAL SPACING ON THE STRESS DISTRIBUTION IN MAXILLARY CENTRAL INCISORS RESTORED WITH PORCELAIN LAMINATE VENEER AND COMPOSITE RESIN: A 3D-FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS)

  • 홍준배;탁승민;백승호;조병훈
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • 제35권1호
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    • pp.30-39
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    • 2010
  • 본 연구에서는, 삼차원 유한요소분석법을 이용하여 복합레진 및 도재 라미네이트로 전치부 치간이개를 폐쇄할 때, 치간이개의 간격과 수복방법이 수복물의 접착계면에서의 응력분포에 미치는 영향을 비교하였다. 복합레진 혹은 도재 라미네이트로 수복된 모습의 유한요소모델을 형성하여 접착계면에서의 von Mises stress 분포 양태를 분석하였다. 수복형태는 크게 네 가지 범주를 고려하였다. Type I, 복합레진으로 인접면을 최소한으로 수복하는 경우; Type II, 치아 삭제 없이 복합레진으로 순면의 절반까지 수복하는 경우; Type III, 치아삭제 후복합레진으로 순면의 2/3까지 수복하는 경우; Type IV, 도재 라미네이트로 수복하는 경우 이 실험의 한계 내에서 다음과 같은 결론을 내릴 수 있었다. 모든 수복형태에 대해 치간이개 간격이 넓어질수록 접착계면에서 발생하는 최대응력 값은 증가하였으며, 도재 라미네이트로 치간이개 부위를 수복한 경우(Type IV)가 복합레진으로 수복한 경우(Type I, II, III)에 비해 높은 최대응력값을 나타내었다. 그러나 치간이개 간격이 넓어질수록 도재 라미네이트와 복합레진에서 발생하는 최대응력값의 차리는 감소하였으며, 치간이개 간격의 증가에 따른 최대응력값의 증가율은 도재 라미네이트가 복합레진으로 수복하는 경우보다 낮았다.

On Determinig Experimental Points in Central Composite Designs

  • Park, Byoung-Chul;Park, Sung-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.131-142
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    • 1986
  • By using the tool for finding influential cases in regrssion, we investigate teh properties of three types of diagonal elements of the hat matrix in central designs. From thses results, we determine the experimental points at axes ad teh number of replicates as the center and the otherpoints so that the experimental points give approximatly same influences to estimatoe teh response surface.

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일반화 선형모형의 디자인 행렬을 이용한 품질 실험 설계 (Design of Experiment Using Design Matrix in Terms of Generalized Linear Model)

  • 최성운
    • 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한안전경영과학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회
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    • pp.423-427
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    • 2009
  • This study proposes the generation mechanism of various design matrix using generalized linear model for design of experiment. Design generation method of GLM analysis, factorial design(FD) with center points, ANOVA design with lack-of-fit test, and response surface design are introduced. In central composite(CC) design, orthogonal blocking and fractional factorial design(FFD) are presented. We compare the design of Box-Benhken(BB) and face-centred central compsite design.

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Studies on the Separation Performances of Chlorophenol Compounds from Water by Thin Film Composite Membranes

  • Yogesh, K.M. Popat;Ganguly, B.;Brahmbhatt, H.;Bhattacharya, A.
    • Macromolecular Research
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    • 제16권7호
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    • pp.590-595
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    • 2008
  • The pressure driven membrane process has been a breakthrough in the removal of pollutants from drinking water. These experiments examined the removal of chlorophenol compounds from water using low pressure membranes. The removal performance of the membranes was based primarily on size exclusion. Apart from size exclusion, the polarity and pKa of the compounds also influences the membrane performance. The molecular size and dipole moments of the respective molecules were calculated using a quantum chemical method. The rejection of pollutants also followed the same trend as salt rejection by the membranes.

Development of Porous Metal Materials and Applications

  • Fang, Y.;Wang, H.;Zhou, Y.;Kuang, C.
    • 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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    • pp.599-600
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    • 2006
  • This paper described the state of art of porous metal materials, the typical manufacturing technologies and performances of sintered metal porous materials, with emphasis on the recent research achievements of CISRI in development of porous metal materials. High performance porous metal materials, such as metallic membrane, sub-micron asymmetric composite porous metal, large dimensional and structure complicated porous metal aeration cones and tube, metallic catalytic filter elements, lotus-type porous materials, etc, have been developed. Their applications in energy industry, petrochemical industry, clean coal process and other industrial fields were introduced and discussed.

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중부형민가와 비교를 통한 제천지역 민가의 평면특성에 관한 조사연구 (A Study on the Characteristic of the Folk Houses' Plans compared with Central Region's ones in Che-chun City)

  • 최영식;김희규
    • 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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    • 제32호
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    • pp.28-35
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    • 2002
  • After 18th century in Korea, a tendency of the traditional folk houses shows not only the typical types but also the cultural areas in terms of each regional part. The existing folk houses are selected in order to compare the characteristic of the plans with those of the central region in Korea. Moreover this region has been a collided zone of culture and military from the old period of the Three Kingdoms, because the district of Che-chun is located between the southern part and the central one. So its culture and housing plan showed as unique forms, so-called the Culture of Frontier and Composite. Consequently the purposes of this study are to grasp the characteristic of those plans and to compare the plan types with ones of the central region. For the attainment of the above goal, this investigated study is prosecuted by means of the existing 6-folk houses in Che-chun city.

Mechanical behavior of outer square inner circular concrete-filled dual steel tubular stub columns

  • Ding, Fa-xing;Wang, Wenjun;Liu, Xue-mei;Wang, Liping;Sun, Yi
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • 제38권3호
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    • pp.305-317
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    • 2021
  • The mechanical behavior of the outer square inner circular concrete-filled dual steel tubular (SCCFT) stub columns under axial compression is investigated by means of experimental research, numerical analysis and theoretical investigation. Parameters such as diameter ratio, concrete strength and steel ratio were discussed to identify their influence on the mechanical properties of SCCFT short columns on the basis of the experimental investigation of seven SCCFT short columns. By establishing a finite element model, nonlinear analysis was performed to discuss the longitudinal and transverse stress of the dual steel tubes. The longitudinal stress characteristics of the core and sandwich concrete were also analyzed. Furthermore, the failure sequence was illustrated and the reasonable cross-section composition of SCCFT stub column was proposed. A formula to predict the axial load capacity of SCCFT stub column was advanced and verified by the results from experiment and the finite element.