• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 1993

말초성 신경아세포종은 예후가 나쁘고 희귀한 종양으로 이 종양의 세침흡인 세포학적 소견에 관한 보고는 세계 문헌상 1988년 Neuhold에 의해 처음 기술된 1례가 있을 따름이다. 최근 저자들은 30세 여자의 우측 상박의 연부조직 종괴로 부터 세침흡인 세포 검사를 시행하여 진단된 말초성 신경아세포종을 경험하여 그 세침흡인 세포학적 소견을 기술하는 바이다. 환자는 1개월전 부터 우측 상박에 서서히 자라는 종괴를 주소로 내원하였다. 우측 상박 X-선 및 초음파 촬영술에서 주위와 잘 경계지어진 방추형의 연부조직 종괴가 관찰되었고 주변조직으로 침윤하는 소견은 관찰할 수 없었으며 상완골은 정상이었다. 종괴의 세침흡인 도말은 세포밀도가 매우 높았고 작고 둥근 세포들이 뭉쳐있거나 산재되어 있었다. 세포간의 크기나 모양의 차이는 아주 미약하였고 유사분열은 거의 관찰되지 않았다. 종양세포들의 집단은 간혹 모세혈관을 중심으로 뭉치거나, 로제트 형태를 보이며 그 세포질은 가늘고 긴 돌기를 보였다. 핵은 뚜렷한 핵막과 미세하게 뭉친 염색질 및 작고 뚜렷한 핵 소체를 갖고 있었다. 이상의 소견은 작고 둥근 세포로 된 악성 종양 중 말초성 신경아세포종에 매우 합당하였으나 골외 Ewing 육종과의 감별은 불가능하였다. 단순 절제술이 시행되었고 종양은 조직학적으로 말초성 신경아세포종임이 확인되었다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2002

The numerical alaysis of optical device, silicabased device, are presented. The purpose of this paper is to simulate and to design a 8-channel optical wavelength division multiplexer(OWDM) based on Mach-Zehnder Interferometer(MZI) with wavelength spacing between channels Δλ=0.8 nm at central wavelength λ=1.55 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. In initial condition fur simulating, we assumed as follows. A channel waveguide is made from silica based P-doped SiO2 core layers in order to coupling with a fiber easily and its core dimension was 6 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$$\times$6 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. The core and clad index of channel waveguide were 1.455 and 1.444, separately, at λ=1.55 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Where, the separation between channel waveguides in coupling region was 3 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. As a result of analysis, a group mode index of channel waveguide was 1.4498370, was gained by Hermite-Gaussian Method(HGM). Also, the channel spacing was determined by the waveguide arm length difference and was Δλ=0.8 nm as like a proposed condition. The central wavelength of a designed-multiplexer was activated about wavelength λ=1.55 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$, and we certificated that it can be used to 8-channel optical wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.619-623
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• 1998

우측 팔의 부종과 압통을 주소로 내원한 51세 만성 신부전증 환자에서 정맥 촬영술의 결과 반복된 쇄골하정맥 도관삽관술후에 생긴 중심정맥(우쇄골하정맥, 우내경정맥, 우상완두정맥과 좌무명정맥)의 폐쇄증을 Goretex 인조혈관을 이용하여 우쇄골하정맥-상공정맥에 10 mm Goretex 인조혈관 우회로 조성술과 좌쇄골하정맥-10 mm Goretex 인조혈관사이에 8 mm Goretex 인조혈관 우회로 조성술을 실시하여 좋은 결과를 얻었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.313-322
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• 2013

Previous studies have demonstrated that repeated administration of the exogenous stress hormone corticosterone (CORT) induces dysregulation in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and results in depression and anxiety. The current study sought to verify the impact of catechin (CTN) administration on chronic CORT-induced behavioral alterations using the forced swimming test (FST) and the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Additionally, the effects of CTN on central noradrenergic systems were examined by observing changes in neuronal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity in rat brains. Male rats received 10, 20, or 40 mg/kg CTN (i.p.) 1 h prior to a daily injection of CORT for 21 consecutive days. The activation of the HPA axis in response to the repeated CORT injections was confirmed by measuring serum levels of CORT and the expression of corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) in the hypothalamus. Daily CTN administration significantly decreased immobility in the FST, increased open-arm exploration in the EPM test, and significantly blocked increases of TH expression in the locus coeruleus (LC). It also significantly enhanced the total number of line crossing in the open-field test (OFT), while individual differences in locomotor activities between experimental groups were not observed in the OFT. Taken together, these findings indicate that the administration of CTN prior to high-dose exogenous CORT significantly improves helpless behaviors, possibly by modulating the central noradrenergic system in rats. Therefore, CTN may be a useful agent for the treatment or alleviation of the complex symptoms associated with depression and anxiety disorders.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.708-720
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• 2012

In this study, we assessed the effects of ginsenoside Re (GRe) administration on repeated immobilization stress-induced behavioral alterations using the forced swimming test (FST), the elevated plus maze (EPM), and the active avoidance conditioning test (AAT). Additionally, we examined the effect of GRe on the central adrenergic system by observing changes in neuronal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA expression in the rat brain. Male rats received 10, 20, or 50 mg/kg GRe (i.p.) 30 min before daily exposures to repeated immobilization stress (2 h/day) for 10 days. Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in response to repeated immobilization was confirmed by measuring serum levels of corticosterone (CORT) and the expression of corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) in the hypothalamus. Repeated immobilization stress increased immobility in the FST and reduced open-arm exploration in the EPM test. It also increased the probability of escape failures in the AAT test, indicating a reduced avoidance response. Daily administration of GRe during the repeated immobilization stress period significantly inhibited the stress-induced behavioral deficits in these behavioral tests. Administration of GRe also significantly blocked the increase in TH expression in the locus coeruleus (LC) and the decrease in BDNF mRNA expression in the hippocampus. Taken together, these findings indicate that administration of GRe prior to immobilization stress significantly improved helpless behaviors and cognitive impairment, possibly through modulating the central noradrenergic system in rats. These findings suggest that GRe may be a useful agent for treating complex symptoms of depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.467-470
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• 2013

The present study reports a human case of cutaneous gnathostomiasis with recurrent migratory nodule and persistent eosinophilia in China. A 52-year-old woman from Henan Province, central China, presented with recurrent migratory reddish swelling and subcutaneous nodule in the left upper arm and on the back for 3 months. Blood examination showed eosinophila (21.2%), and anti-sparganum antibodies were positive. Skin biopsy of the lesion and histopathological examinations revealed dermal infiltrates of eosinophils but did not show any parasites. Thus, the patient was first diagnosed as sparganosis; however, new migratory swellings occurred after treatment with praziquantel for 3 days. On further inquiring, she recalled having eaten undercooked eels and specific antibodies to the larvae of Gnathostoma spinigerum were detected. The patient was definitely diagnosed as cutaneous gnathostomiasis caused by Gnathostoma sp. and treated with albendazole (1,000 mg/day) for 15 days, and the subsequent papule and blister developed after the treatment. After 1 month, laboratory findings indicated a reduced eosinophil count (3.3%). At her final follow-up 18 months later, the patient had no further symptoms and anti-Gnathostoma antibodies became negative. Conclusively, the present study is the first report on a human case of cutaneous gnathostomiasis in Henan Province, China, based on the past history (eating undercooked eels), clinical manifestations (migratory subcutaneous nodule and persistent eosinophilia), and a serological finding (positive for specific anti-Gnathostoma antibodies).

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제44권8호
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• pp.74-79
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• 2007

일반적으로 MPSoC(Multi-Processor System on a Chip)의 설계 및 구현을 위한 비용이 높고 시간이 오래 걸리며 복잡하기 때문에 이를 위한 IP(Intellectual Property)의 기능 및 성능을 검증하기 위해서는 플랫폼을 이용하여 테스트한다. 본 논문에서는 멀티 프로세서에서 CPU(Central Processing Unit) 간의 Interconnect Network 구조를 기반으로 하는 IP를 검증하기 위한 플랫폼 구조를 연구하고, 이를 바탕으로 응용 프로그램을 수행하였을 경우에 단일 프로세서를 사용했을 때보다 얼마나 많이 성능이 향상될 수 있는지를 보이고자 한다.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2005

There have been many studies on generation equipment and plant piping, but there is no significant study result on the heat transportation pipe. As such, this study established basic theory on the compensated method among buried pipe for regional heating, and further obtained the following results by applying the conditions of AGFW and NCHPP respectively in calculation of friction and maximum installation distance for the buried pipe. Friction coefficient according to the types and physical properties of soil, friction and maximum installation distance were compared to set the application value of friction coefficient according to the location of works. Calculation formula of clay load to be applied for calculation of friction was introduced to the formula of AGFW and the formula of NCHPP that has been used in Nowon district since 1997 to determine the difference and applicability. $120^{\circ}C$ and $95^{\circ}C$ were applied in temperature difference for expansion volume to compare the arm length at the curve pipe so thai it can be reflected in the design in the future. Maximum installation distance according to thickness of pipe was compared to present the necessity of unified specification so that same kinds of pipe materials can be used for same kinds of works.

• 한국신뢰성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신뢰성학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.107-113
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• 2011

The windshield wiper consists of 4 parts: a blade, an arm, a linkage and a motor. The wiper blade makes contact with the windshield and is designed to be operated normally at an angle of 30~50 degrees to the front glass. If the contact pressure between the wiper blade and windshield surface is too high, noise and wear of the rubber will result. On the other hand, if the contact pressure is too low, the performance will do badly, since foreign substances such as dust and stains will not be removed well. The pressure and friction of the wiper blade has a great influence on its effectiveness in cleaning the front window. This is due to the contact of the rubber with the window. This paper presents the dynamic analysis method to estimate the performance of the flat type blade of the wiper system. The blade has a nonlinear characteristic since the rubber is an incompressible hyper-elastic and visco-elastic material. Thus, Structural dynamic analysis using a complex contact model for the blade is performed to find the characteristics of the blade. The flexible multi-body dynamic model is verified by the comparison between test and analysis result. Also, the optimization using the central composite design table is performed.

• 천문학회보
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.27.2-27.2
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• 2010

We report the HST pixel analysis results of the interacting face-on spiral galaxy, NGC 5194 (M51), which is the first step of a new observational research project, PANCluG (Pixel Analysis of Nearby Cluster Galaxies). We derive several quantities describing the pixel color-magnitude diagram (pCMD) of NGC 5194, suitable for future comparisons with the pCMDs of other galaxies. We investigate the spatial distribution of pixel stellar populations, finding that the spiral arm pattern and the tidal interaction with NGC 5195 significantly affect the stellar populations in NGC 5194. We find that the pixels corresponding to the central active galactic nucleus (AGN) of NGC 5194 show a very tight sequence in the bright-end of the pCMD, of which spatial distribution seems to agree with the AGN torus region.