• 한국양식학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.122-127
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• 2004

On protein equivalence base, fishmeal (FM) was replaced by lysine cell mass (LCM) in selected different diets in Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli (Hilgendorf) Eight experimental diets were formulated to contain 100% FM (LC $M_{0}$), 90% FM+10% LCM (LC $M_{10}$),80% FM+20% LCM (LC $M_{20}$), 70% FM+30% LCM (LC $M_{30}$), 60% FM+40% LCM (LC $M_{40}$ ), 70% FH+30% LCM+lysine (LC $M_{+Lys}$), 60% FM+40% LCM+lysine (LC $M_{40+Lys}$), and 50% FM+50% LCM+lysine (LC $M_{50+Lys}$). Experimental individuals of the fish (12.6 g) were randomly fed on one of the experimental diets. After 6 weeks of feeding trial, weight gain (WG) and feed efficiency (FE) of fish fed LC $M_{0}$ diet was significantly (P〈0.05) higher than those of fish fed LC $M_{20}$, LC $M_{30}$, LC $M_{40}$ , LC $M_{30+Lys}$, LC $M_{40+Lys}$, and LC $M_{50+Lys}$ diets, however, there was no significant difference in WG of fish fed LC $M_{0}$ and LC $M_{10}$ diets. Supplementation of lysine has no effect on WG. There was no significant difference in condition factor (CF) of fish fed LC $M_{0}$, LC $M_{10}$ and LC $M_{20}$ diets. Hemoglobin (Hb) of fish fed LC $M_{0}$, LC $M_{10}$, LC $M_{20}$, LC $M_{30}$, LC $M_{40}$ , LC $M_{30+Lys}$, and LC $M_{40+Lys}$, diets were not significantly different from each other. No significant differences were observed in hematocrit (PCV) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) among all dietary treatments. Apparent digestibility of dry matter (ADM) and protein (ADP) of diets significantly decreased with increase in dietary LCM level, though there was no difference in ADM and ADP between LC $M_{0}$ and LC $M_{10}$. These results indicate that LCM could replace up to 10% of fishmeal in Korean rockfish diets.ish diets.iets.ish diets.s.ish diets.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.493-500
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• 2006

Investigation on the fuel adhering on a wall was carried out experimentally to clarify the characteristics of impinging diesel sprays. Diesel sprays were injected into a high-pressure chamber of cold state and impinged to a wall having various impingement distances and ambient pressures. Photographs of both the fuel film and the post-impingement spray were taken through a transparent wall. Adhered fuel mass on a wall was measured by means of dividing into two types of fuel state: the fuel film itself; and sparsely adhered fuel droplets. Adhering fuel ratio was predicted and further the distribution of fuel mass for impinging diesel spray was analyzed as a function of time. As result, with an increase of the ambient pressure, both the maximum fuel film diameter and the adhered fuel ratio decreased. Based on some assumptions, the adhering fuel mass increased rapidly until the fuel film diameter approached the maximum value, and then increased comparatively gradually.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

각종 위성자료와 현장 관측자료를 이용하여 2004년 겨울철 황해 연안해역 이상수온 상승 현상과 외해의 해양 변동과의 연관성에 대하여 연구하였다. 위성자료에 의하면, 2003년 황해의 평균 해수면온도는 $10^{\circ}C$ 정도였고, 2004년의 평균 해수면온도는 $13^{\circ}C$ 정도로 약 $3^{\circ}C$ 정도 높았다. 현장관측 자료에서는 2003년 황해의 평균 표층수온은 $9.85^{\circ}C$ 정도였고, 2004년의 평균 표층수온은 $12.17^{\circ}C$ 정도로 위성자료와 마찬가지로 약 $3^{\circ}C$ 정도 높았다. T-S diagram 분석에 의하면, 2003년은 황해 수괴와 동중국해 수괴를 아주 명확하게 구분되었지만, 2004년에는 양 수괴의 구분이 명확하지 않았다. 2003년의 평균 기온과 풍속은 각각 $5.23^{\circ}C$, 4.81 m/s 이고, 9004년의 평균 기온과 풍속은 각각 $5.61^{\circ}C$, 4.52 m/s 로 유사하였다. 그러나 2003년에는 북서풍이 우세하였으나, 2004년에는 다양한 북풍 계열의 바람이 불어서 풍향이 달랐다. 2004년 겨울철 황해 연안해역의 이상수온 상승은 대기의 영향보다 외해 해양 변동과 깊은 연관성이 있는 것으로 판단되었고, 이에 대해서는 추후 연구가 이루어질 것이다.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.76-95
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• 2009

In the fungal genus Cordyceps, the type species Cordyceps militaris produces bioactive ingredients and exhibits medicinal effects as a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), The fruiting bodies of C.militaris have now been mass-produced artificially and used as functional food and medicine in China. The unstable variation in forming fruiting body is however a key restrictive factor in industrial production. The genetic study on in vitro stromata formation of C. militaris has rarely been carried out. Here, we report the effects of genetic variation including the mating system on perithecial stromata formation of C. militaris. Monoconidial isolates which have both MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-2-1(genotype MAT1-1/2) could produce stromata. While the isolates only have either MAT1-1-1 or MAT1-2-1 (genotype MAT1-1 or MAT1-2) failed to produce stromata. Despite obvious heterothallism, homothallism was occasionally observed in a few isolates of C. militaris. High genetic variation was observed amongst the different monoconidial isolates of C. militaris. The unstable variation or lose of fruiting body formation was found to be caused by the inner-species high genetic variation of C. militaris. These results also indicated that C. militaris sexually behaved as both heterothallic and homothallic and required two mating type compatible in the same culture in order to produce regular clubshaped perithecial stromata.

• 천문학회보
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.39.1-39.1
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• 2018

We present our observational attempts to precisely measure the central mass of a proto-brown dwarf candidate, L328-IRS, in order to investigate whether L328-IRS is in the substellar mass regime. Observations were made for the central region of L328-IRS with the dust continuum and CO isotopologue line emission at ALMA band 6, discovering the detailed outflow activities and a deconvolved disk structure of a size of ${\sim}87AU{\times}{\sim}37AU$. We investigated the rotational velocities as a function of the disk radius, finding that its motions between 130 AU and 60 AU are partially fitted with a Keplerian orbit by a stellar object of ${\sim}0.30M_{\odot}$, while the motions within 60 AU do not follow any Keplerian orbit at all. This makes it difficult to lead a reliable estimation of the mass of L328-IRS. Nonetheless, our ALMA observations were useful enough to well constrain the inclination angle of the outflow cavity of L328-IRS as ${\sim}66^{\circ}$ degree, enabling us to better determine the mass accretion rate of ${\sim}8.9{\times}10^{-7}M_{\odot}yr-1$.From assumptions that the internal luminosity of L328-IRS is mostly due to this mass accretion process in the disk, or that L328-IRS has mostly accumulated the mass through this constant accretion rate during its outflow activity, its mass was estimated to be ${\sim}0.012-0.023M_{\odot}$, suggesting L328-IRS to be a substellar object. However, we leave our identification of L328-IRS as a proto-brown dwarf to be tentative because of various uncertainties especially regarding the mass accretion rate.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.1698-1702
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• 2013

Glucose is a common medical analyte measuring in human serum or blood samples. The development of a primary method is necessary for the establishment of traceability in measurements. We have developed an isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry as a primary method for the measurement of glucose in human serum. Glucose and glucose-$^{13}C_6$ in sample were ionized in ESI negative mode and monitored at mass transfers of m/z 179/89 and 185/92 in MRM, respectively. Glucose was separated on $NH_2P$-50 2D column, and the mobile phase was 20 mM $NH_4OAc$ in 30% acetonitrile/70% water. Verification of this method was performed by the comparison with NIST SRMs. Our results agreed well with the SRM values. We have developed two levels of glucose serum certified reference material using this method and distributed them to the clinical laboratories in Korea as samples for proficiency testings. The expended uncertainty was about 1.2% on 95% confidence level. In proficiency testings, the results obtained from the clinical laboratories showed about 3.6% and 3.9% RSD to the certified values. Primary method can provide the traceability to the field laboratories through proficiency testings or certified reference materials.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1190-1195
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• 2005

The objective of this study was to develop an assay for mequitazine (MQZ) for the study of the bioavailability of the drug in human subjects. Using one mL of human plasma, the pH of the sample was adjusted and MQZ in the aqueous phase extracted with hexane; the organic layer was then evaporated to dryness, reconstituted and an aliquot introduced to a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) system with ion-trap detector. Inter- and intra-day precision of the assay were less than 15.1 and $17.7{\%}$, respectively; Inter- and intra-day accuracy were less than 8.91 and $18.6{\%}$, respectively. The limit of quantification for the current assay was set at 1 ng/mL. To determine whether the current assay is applicable in a pharmacokinetic study for MQZ in human, oral formulation containing 10 mg MQZ was administered to healthy male subjects and blood samples collected. The current assay was able to quantify MQZ levels in most of the samples. The maximum concentration ($C_{max}$ was 8.5 ng/mL, which was obtained at 10.1 h, with mean half-life of approximately 45.5 h. Under the current sampling protocol, the ratio of $AUC_{t{\rightarrow}last}$ to $AUC_{t{\rightarrow}{\infty}}$ was $934{\%}$, indicating that the blood collection time of 216 h is reasonable for MQZ. Therefore, these observations indicate that an assay for MQZ in human plasma is developed by using GC/MS with ion-trap detector and validated for the study of pharmacokinetics of single oral dose of 10 mg MQZ, and that the current study design for the bioavailability study is adequate for the drug.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권12호
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• pp.3963-3970
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• 2012

Headspace (HS) and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) were studied for extracting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from whole blood, with chemical and instrumental variables being optimized for maximum sensitivity: incubation at $60^{\circ}C$, equilibration for 30 min, pH 11, and 2 mL injection volume. Both techniques provided accurate analyses, with detection limits of 0.05-0.1 ng $mL^{-1}$ and 0.05-0.5 ng $mL^{-1}$. HS showed better sensitivity, reproducibility, and analysis times than HS-SPME. Overall levels of chloroform in whole blood were found to be 0.05-5.84 ng $mL^{-1}$; detected levels of benzene were 0.05-2.20 ng $mL^{-1}$.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2000

Phytochemical study of the constitutive polyphenolics of the flower aqueous alcohol extract of Tamarix tetragyna was carried out. The new sulphated flavonol, quercetin 3',4'-dimethyl ether $3-O-KSO_3$ as well as the new natural galloyl glucose, $2-O-galloyl-({\alpha}/{\beta})-^4C_1-glucopyranose$ were isolated and characterized. The known sulphated flavonols, kaempferol 7,4-dimethyl ether $3,5-di-O-KSO_3$, quercetin 7-methyl ether $3,3',4'-tri-O-KSO_3$, quercetin 7,4'-dimethyl ether $3-O-KSO_3$ and quercetin $3-O-KSO_3$ and the known sulphated phenolics, isoferulic acid $3-O-KSO_3$ and ellagic acid 4,4'-dimethyl ether $3-O-KSO_3$ were also separated and identified. The structures were established by conventional methods of analysis and confirmed by $^1H-,\;^{13}C-NMR$ and negative ESI-mass spectrometry. 2D-homonuclear chemical shift correlation NMR experiment was applied for the new natural galloylglucose.

• 약학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.615-621
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• 1997

Dehydropeptidase-I (DHP-I) was solubilized from porcine kidney by treatment with n-butanol and partially purified 19.25 fold by $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ precipitation, DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B ion exchange chromatography and Sephacryl S-300 HR chromatography with an overall yield of 19.16. DHP-I showed its optimal activity at pH 7.5 and 25$^{\circ}C$. Its activity was stable under neutral and alkaline conditions, but was disappeared under acidic condition. And DHP-I was heat-labile and its activity remained at 45$^{\circ}C$ for 3hrs. The enzyme was not inhibited by dicationic ions, while its activity was increased by $Co^{2+}$(1mM) and $Zn^{2+}$ (0.1mM). The enzyme was inhibited by EDTA and N-ethylmaleimide. The relative molecular mass of DHP-I was estimated to be approximately 100kDa by gel filtration chromatography. The $K_m$ value of DHP-I for glycyldehydrophenylalanine (GDHP) was 1.98mM. DWP20418 [(1R, 5S, 6S)-6-[1-(R)-Hydroxyethyl]-1-methyl-2-[(2S, 4S)-2-(piperazinylcarbonyl)-1-(R)-hydroxyethyl)pyrrolidine-4-thio]carbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid], compared with meropenem (MEPM), was rather easily hydrolized by DHP-I, while it was four times more resistant than imipenem (IPM) to DHP-I.