• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2004

Crack growth rate and threshold stress intensity factor for stress corrosion cracking(SCC), $K_{ISCC}$ were measured for type 403 stainless steel in 3,5% NaCl solution at room temperature and SCC was monitored by electrochemical noise technique during $K_{ISCC}$ testing. In rising load test, pits were formed at the tip of pre-crack for the pre-cracked compact tension specimen unlike in smooth round specimen in which only unstable pits were observed and hence immune to SCC. Micro-cracks were found to initiate from the pits in the former specimen, and initiation of micro-crack as well as macro-crack was detected by electrochemical noise technique in rising load $K_{ISCC}$ tests. Crack growth rate increased with increasing either displacement rate or stress intensity factor at crack initiation and was higher in rising load $K_{ISCC}$ test compared to constant load $K_{ISCC}$ test at given stress intensities.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.26-33
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• 1997

In this study effect of residual stress and its redistribution in weldment on the fatigue crack propagation was investigated. Fatigue tests were conducted by the center notched specimens machined with welded plate. The residual stress and its redistribution after the crack growth were measured by the magnetizing stress indicator and hole-drilling method. Fatigue crack propagation was estimated by the specimens having residual stress redistributed after the cracks growth and having the effects of crack closure. Crack growth rates were predicted and compared with experimental results. It had been found that the predicted crack propagation rates have a good agreement with experimental results when the redistribution of residual stress was considered.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.119-125
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• 1999

The distribution of fatigue crack growth rate is subjected to the measuring interval and calculated method of growth rate. In this paper, in order to establish the method of determining the distribution of fatigue crack growth rate, which ignores those influences, a series of fatigue crack growth experiments and measuring intervals of crack length calculated reasonable are presented. The main conclusions obtained are summarized as follows: 1) As a result of the ΔP constant test and ΔK constant test, it is thought that an approximate measuring interval of 0.3~0.7mm is reasonable, which allows for few errors and is little subjected to the calculated method of crack growth rate. 2) After generally comparing the error estimation by using the experimental data of CCT specimen with the error rating of the CT specimens, it is possible that the fatigue test has few errors within the measuring interval, ξ(Δa/W)=0.0067~0.017, regardless of the dimension of specimen geometry.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.615-623
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• 2023

Crack detection is an essential method to ensure the safety of dam concrete structures. Low-quality crack images of dam concrete structures limit the application of neural network methods in crack detection. This research proposes a modified attentional mechanism model to reduce the disturbance caused by uneven light, shadow, and water spots in crack images. Also, the focal loss function solves the small ratio of crack information. The dataset collects from the network, laboratory and actual inspection dataset of dam concrete structures. This research proposes a novel method for crack detection of dam concrete structures based on the U-Net neural network, namely AF-UNet. A mutual comparison of OTSU, Canny, region growing, DeepLab V3+, SegFormer, U-Net, and AF-UNet (proposed) verified the detection accuracy. A binocular camera detects cracks in the experimental scene. The smallest measurement width of the system is 0.27 mm. The potential goal is to achieve real-time detection and localization of cracks in dam concrete structures.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.2159-2167
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• 2006

In order to find out a physical quantity which controls the fatigue life of a structure and to predict the fatigue life of tires, a finite element simulation methodology to use the cracking energy density (CED) and the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT) was proposed and applied to three different tires of a similar size. CED was calculated to predict the location of a crack initiation, and VCCT was used to obtain the strain energy release rate (SERR) at the tip of an initiated crack. Finite element simulations showed that SERR oscillated in the circumferential direction with its minimum occurring just before the contact zone and its maximum occurring just after the center of the contact zone, and SERR was affected significantly by the frictional force acting on the crack surface. In addition, a durability test was conducted to measure the fatigue life of the three tires. The comparison of SERR values with the test data revealed that the fatigue life increased as the amplitude of SERR decreased or as the R-ratio of SERR increased.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.53-63
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• 1988

본 연구에서는 COA와 COD저항곡선의 기울기가 밀접한 관계가 있다는 점을 고려하여 COD저항곡선을 이용하여 현재까지 거의 연구결과가 없는 Ｔ$_{\delta}$에 의한 불안정균열성장문제를 검토하기로 하고, 이때 필요한 외부하중에 의한 부하 찢어짐계수 Ｔ$_{{\delta}{\app}}$ 의 평가방법에 대해서도 생각해 보기로 한다.한다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.354-366
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• 2020

This work mainly focuses on determination of the fully plastic J-integral solutions for welded center cracked plates subjected to remote tension loading. Detailed three-dimensional elasticeplastic Finite Element Analyses (FEA) were implemented to compute the fully plastic J-integral along the crack front for a wide range of crack geometries, material properties and weld strength mismatch ratios for 900 cases. According to the database generated from FEA, Back-propagation Neural Network (BPNN) model was proposed to predict the values and distributions of fully plastic J-integral along crack front based on the variables used in FEA. The determination coefficient R2 is greater than 0.99, indicating the robustness and goodness of fit of the developed BPNN model. The network model can accurately and efficiently predict the elastic-plastic J-integral for weld centerline crack, which can be used to perform fracture analyses and safety assessment for welded center cracked plates with varying strength mismatch conditions under uniaxial loading.

• Composites Research
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 탄소섬유 복합재료의 균열의 위치 및 성장을 감지하기 위하여 브리지 회로 개념이 적용된 전기 전위법을 제안하였다. 중앙 관통 균열을 가진 복합재료 박판 시험편에 두 쌍의 전극을 생성하였으며, 브리지 회로 개념을 적용하여 한 쌍의 전극에 외부 전압을 인가하고 다른 한 쌍의 전극으로부터 출력 전압 변화를 관찰하였다. 실험과 유한요소해석을 통하여 전극의 크기와 간격, 균열의 위치와 크기 및 성장 방향의 영향을 고찰하였다. 검출 가능한 균열의 크기는 전극의 크기 보다는 전극의 간격에 의한 영향이 더 컸으며, 전극의 크기와 간격이 작을수록 균열의 검출 능력이 우수하였다. 또한, 균열 크기가 증가할 수록, 입력 전극과 가까울수록 출력 전압의 변화가 큼을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2017

Crack on concrete surface allows more rapid penetration of chlorides. Crack width and depth are dominant parameters for chloride behavior, however their effects on chloride penetration are difficult to quantify. In the present work, the previous anisotropic (1-D) model on chloride diffusion in concrete with single crack is improved considering crack shape and roughness. In the previous model, parallel-piped shape was adopted for crack shape in steady-state condition. The previous model with single crack is improved considering wedge shape of crack profile and roughness. For verifying the proposed model, concrete samples for nuclear power plant are prepared and various crack widths are induced 0.0 to 1.2 mm. The chloride diffusion coefficients in steady-state condition are evaluated and compared with simulation results. The proposed model which can handle crack shape and roughness factor is evaluated to decrease chloride diffusion and can provide more reasonable results due to reduced area of crack profile. The roughness effect on diffusion is evaluated to be 10-20% of reduction in chloride diffusion.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2010

Since nuclear power plants are being operated under high temperature and high pressure, on-line monitoring technique to detect corrosion could be more effective than off-line method in shut-off period. In this operating condition, electrochemical noise method may be suitable to monitor the corrosion. This paper aims the analysis on the relation between the cracking and electrochemical noise signal of Alloy 600 under U-bending. When electrochemical noise monitoring technique was used during SCC test, it was judge to be obvious that if cracks generate, its generation can be detected by electrochemical current noise. Cracking-related noise was defined as the noise showing 5~10 times greater than the average value of background noise bands. On the base of crack noise, crack initiation time was determined. From SCC test and electrochemical noise monitoring in $25^{\circ}C$, 0.1 M $Na_2S_4O_6$ solution (Reverse U-Bended Alloy 600 SE+), average crack initiation time was obtained as 9,046 seconds and from its initiation time, it could be defined that net crack propagation rate is the crack length divided by ${\Delta}T$(= total test period - crack initiation time). Therefore, average net crack propagation rate was obtained to be $1.18{\times}10^{-9}\;m/s$.