• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.105-113
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of loading at three different occlusal surface position of the gold alloy crown on the stress distributions in surrounding bone, utilizing 3-dimensional finite element method. A three dimensional finite element model of an implant with simplified gold alloy crown and supporting bone was developed for this study. A oblique or vertical load of 100 N was applied at the following position at each FE model : 1) center of occlusal surface, 2) a point on the buccal side away from center of occlusal surface (COS) by 2.8mm, 3) a point on the lingual side away from COS by 2.8mm. In the results, Minimum von Mises stresses under vertical load or oblique load of 100N were about 6MPa at the center of occlusal surface and about 40MPa at the point on the buccal side, respectively. From the results we could come to the conclusion that occlusive loading position could be an important factor for establishment of structural safety of supporting bone.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.163-174
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• 2023

Objective: This study evaluated the influence of various gingival displays on the esthetic perception in the presence of upper dental midline discrepancy. Methods: A smiling image of a male subject was altered digitally to produce five image series: normal smile (series A), decreased tooth show (series B), increased gingival show (series C), maxillary cant (series D), and asymmetric upper lip elevation (series E). In each image series, the midline was deviated to the right and left incrementally. A total of 210 raters (four professional groups and laypersons, n = 42 in each group) determined the midline deviation threshold and the attractiveness of midline position in each series. Results: The right and left thresholds were statistically similar for the symmetrical series (A, B, and C), while for series D, the right threshold was significantly lower. In most rater groups, the mean threshold order was: B > A > E > C > D. In all the series, the raters selected the coincident midline as the most attractive series except for series D, for which 1-2-mm deviations to the left were selected as the most attractive by almost all the groups. Conclusions: It is crucial to establish the coincident midline position in a symmetrical smile, especially when a gummy smile exists. In the asymmetrical gingival show, a coincident midline might not be the most esthetic midline position.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.92-98
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• 2006

In this paper, a planar car model with 3 degrees of freedom was analyzed using the concept of the roll center. To avoid ambiguity, force components which require experimental data were excluded. Only kinematic approach was used to find the position and orientation of the vehicle body and the position of the roll center. The roll center was found by the pole with infinitesimal movement and Kennedy-Aronhold theorem. Centrodes, which are the loci of instantaneous centers of planar motion, were constructed with analyzed results to show characteristics of vehicle body motion. To verify the presented analysis method in this paper, the locus of the roll center and the motion of a 3 D.O.F. planar car model were compared with those of the 1 D.O.F. model.

• BMB Reports
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.870-874
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• 2007

We cloned a uridine-diphosphate dependent glycosyl-transferase RUGT-10 from Oryza sativa. The recombinant enzyme was expressed by glutathione-S transferase gene fusion system in Escherichia coli. RUGT10 showed different regioselectivity depending on the structures of substrates (e.g. flavanone, flavonol, and flavone). Apparently, flavanone such as naringenin and eriodictyol gave one 7-O-glucoside while flavone and flavonol gave more than two products with preferential glucosylation position of hydroxyl group at C-3 position.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.91-95
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• 2012

Purpose: In this study, we evaluated the ejection fraction (EF) according to the difference of patient position in Gated Blood Pool (GBP) scan. Material and Methods: The analysis was performed to 80 patients ($51.2{\pm}17.4$ years old) who examined GBP scan in Department of nuclear medicine, National Cancer Center from March 2011 to August 2011. We divided the patients into two groups; one group received conventional position (raise left arm up supine) and supine position (group 1) and the other group received conventional position and left arm back down supine position (group 2). To observe the change EF according to patient position difference, the image was reconstructed and analyzed by Xeleris (GE, USA). We measured body mass index (BMI) of patients. Result: In group 1, EF error less than 3% occurred at a rate of 72.5% (29 of the 40 patients). In group 2, EF error less than 3% occurred at a rate of 79% (32 of the 40 patients). The patient's BMI did not affect ejection fraction. Conclusion: The EF error of left arm back down supine position closer to conventional position than in supine position shows the results.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.66-76
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the relationship between lateral position change and sternal complications after cardiac surgery through median sternotomy. Methods: This study was a retrospective descriptive case-control study, involving 241 patients who underwent cardiac surgery through median sternotomy. Data from October 2011 to September 2014 were collected. Results: Sternal complications (i.e. dehiscence, sternal instability, mediastinitis) developed in 33 patients (13.7%). Primary symptoms of complications were discharge and erythema, and the mean time difference from surgery to appearance of symptoms was 15 days (range, 1-138 days). The factors associated with sternal complications were cancer comorbidity (${\chi}^2=5.22$, p=.039), internal mammary artery procedure (${\chi}^2=4.16$, p=.041), and duration of extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (p=.033). Position change was not related to incidence of sternal complications (${\chi}^2=0.14$, p=.704). Pressure ulcers appeared in 63 patients (26.1%). Mean time difference from surgery until occurrence of ulcers was 6.7 hours (range, 0-323.0 hours), but position change was started from 132.4 hours (range, 27.1-503.2 hours) after intensive care unit admission. Conclusions: These results provide baseline data to create a standard position change and activity protocol for patients after median sternotomy. Furthermore, the study could help clinical practitioners establish evidence-based nursing practices.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.72-79
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• 2011

The scope of this investigation is to evaluate the effect of joining parameters on the microstructural features and mechanical properties of dissimilar aluminum alloys, 1mm-thickness fixing AA6K31 at the top position and fixing AA5J32 at the bottom position. The friction stir lap welds were studied under various welding conditions, rotation speed of 1000, 1250, 1500rpm and welding speed of 100, 300, 500, 700mm/min, respectively. Mechanical test has been investigated in terms of tensile shear test and hardness test. The results showed that three type nugget shapes such as onion ring, zigzag type, hooking with the void, have been observed with revolutionary pitch. All welding conditions fractured at the HAZ of top plate, A6K31 and also the strength compare with base metal of lap joints were low efficiency, 52~63%. The thickness of fractured position was decreased with the lower heat input conditions. The relationships were excellent due to linear between the effective thickness of fractured position and peak load. The fractured position was the interface between joint area and not joint area. Also the strength efficiency compared with base metal was lower than decreasing rate of thickness because the hardness was decreased at fractured position due to softened material.

• Hip & pelvis
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.254-259
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• 2018

Purpose: Internal fixation using compression hip screws (CHS) and traction tables placing patients in the supine position is a gold standard option for treating intertrochanteric fractures; however, at our institution, we approach this treatment with patients in a lateral decubitus position. Here, the results of 100 consecutive elderly (i.e., ${\geq}45$ years of age) patients who underwent internal fixation with CHS in lateral decubitus position are analyzed. Materials and Methods: Between March 2009 and May 2011, 100 consecutive elderly patients who underwent internal fixation with CHS for femoral intertrochanteric fracture were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical outcomes (i.e., Koval score, Harris hip score [HHS]) and radiographic outcomes (i.e., bone union time, amount of sliding of lag screw, tip-apex distance [TAD]) were evaluated. Results: Clinical assessments revealed that the average postoperative Koval score decreased from 1.4 to 2.6 (range, 0-5; P<0.05); HHS was 85 (range, 72-90); and mean bone union time was 5.0 (range, 2.0-8.2) months. Radiographic assessments revealed that anteroposterior average TAD was 6.95 (range, 1.27-14.63) mm; lateral average TAD was 7.26 (range, 1.20-18.43) mm; total average TAD was 14.21 (range, 2.47-28.66) mm; average lag screw sliding was 4.63 (range, 0-44.81) mm; and average angulation was varus $0.72^{\circ}$(range, $-7.6^{\circ}-12.7^{\circ}$). There were no cases of screw tip migration or nonunion, however, there were four cases of excessive screw sliding and six cases of varus angulation at more than $5^{\circ}$. Conclusion: CHS fixation in lateral decubitus position provides favorable clinical and radiological outcomes. This technique is advisable for regular CHS fixation of intertrochanteric fractures.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.34S no.1
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• pp.16-25
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• 1997

This paper shows the development of the high accuracy vehicle positioning algorithm using the differential technique in vehicle tracking systems form the existing vehicle position which is acquired from the global positioning system (GPS). The control center receives the satellite ephemerise data and pseudorange correction from the reference station, and vehicle position from the moving vehicle. The pseudorange is calculated with the satellite position and the vehicle position, and corrected by pseudorange correction. Using this corrected pseudorange and kalman filter, more improved vehicle positioning data were obtained.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.745-758
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• 2005

This paper presents a statistical analysis on the position-specific distributions of amino acid residues in transmembrane proteins. A hidden Markov model segments membrane proteins to produce segmented regions of homogeneous statistical property from variable-length amino acids sequences. These segmented residues are analyzed by using chi-square statistic and relative-entropy in order to find position-specific amino acids. This analysis showed that isoleucine and valine concentrated on the center of membrane-spanning regions, tryptophan, tyrosine and positive residues were found frequently near both ends of membrane.