• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the international symposium on the fusion technology
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• pp.573-580
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• 2003

In Taiwan there are 21 Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators (MSWI) built to treat 80% of the MSW nationwide. Approximately 2,000 tons of incineration ashes of municipal waste contain reaction ash and fly ash (3:1 by weight)will be produced daily, and this may cause a serious waste problem. According to EPA regulations, reaction ash and fly ash produced after incineration should be properly treated. Landfill capacity barely meets the general demands. More efficient actions should be planned and taken. The study found 'reclamation' should be the optimal solution to this problem. Only limited research and previous successful experiences are available among other countries. An incinerator in Northern Taiwan is chosen for this study to make environmental bricks from the reaction ash and fly ash. From the previous tests, the results of strength test were measured. From the previous test results, the fly ash products have not reached the desired strength; hence, reaction ash is chosen for further pilot study. In the experiment, incineration ashes, cement and gravel are mixed in the ratio of 1:1:1(by weight), to ground concretization aggregate and pelletization aggregate, the concrete products made from the aggregates were of the strength of 108 $kgf/cm^2$ and 142 $kgf/cm^2$ individually. For the purpose of making nonstructural walls which met the State Building Standards. In the study, 50 tons of concrete products was yielded from aggregate and environmental bricks. Further observation and supervision are recommended to ascertain the resource recycling and reclamation. EPA has planned to build three 'Recycling Plants' in northern, middle and southern Taiwan to develop efficient techniques to produce concrete products, sub-base course, soundproofing wall, gravel, artificial fishing reefs, tiles, drainage, bricks and etc. This experiment of the demonstrative plant solves the problem of the incineration ashes and opens another opportunity to reclaim them.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2018년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.83-84
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• 2018

As the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere increases, the reduction of CO2 is gaining worldwide attention. In the construction industry, cement replacement materials such as fly ash and blast furnace slag were investigated to reduce CO2 emissions in cement production process. Precast concrete is used in the field after manufacturing in the factory in the form of pipes and bricks because of shortening construction period and cutting construction cost. According to the results of previous research, it is known that early CO2 curing in concrete using OPC or fly ash has an initial strength enhancement effect and can be used for precast concrete production. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the strength improvement effect by confirming the initial strength improvement effect when blast furnace slag is mixed.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2004

This study was performed to evaluate the engineering properties of cement mortar brick with loess and fly ash. The unit weight was in the range of $2,068{\sim}2,137\;kgf/m^{3}$ and $1,899{\sim}2,045\;kgf/m^{3}$ in water and dry curing, respectively It was decreased with increasing the loess content. The absorption ratio was in the range of $5.2{\sim}13.1%$ and $8.5{\sim}13.2%$ in water and dry curing, respectively. The compressive strength was decreased with increasing the loess content. The compressive strength of the 193 $kgf/m^{2}$ in water and 188 $kgf/m^{2}$ in dry curing at the curing age 28 days of the binder volume ratio 35% was exceeded in 163 $kgf/m^{2}$ of standard compressive strength about cement bricks. The carbonation depth was in the range of $0.9{\sim}1.4$ mm, $1.2{\sim}3.6$ mm, $1.4{\sim}6.7$ mm and $2.4{\sim}12.5$ mm in dry curing of curing age 14days, 28days, 90days and 360days, respectively.

• 분석과학
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.340-351
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• 2013

The chemical element and structural characterization of different types of cements and its brick stones are been investigated under forensic aspects using X-ray florescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrometer. The XRF provides rapid compositional data for controlling almost all stages of raw materials, clinker and cement. The decisive advantage of XRD methods is based on the unique character of the diffraction patterns of crystalline substances, the ability to distinguish between elements and their oxides, and the possibility to identify chemical compounds, polymeric forms, and mixed crystals by non-destructive examination. Therefore, combination of these examinations is useful and able to apply for the forensic analysis in comparison of cements and brick stones. There are more study remained to determine the viability of method for forensic analysis of brick stones and the limits of the discrimination that can be achieved.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2013년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.152-153
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• 2013

Based on the Fire Service Act of mandatory provision, new buildings are strictly forced to use fire protection materials. Flame resistant EPS is one of those materials. Unlike conventional EPS that can be fused to make EPS ingot and be recycled for various purposes, flame resistant EPS waste cannot be recycled due to the presence of protective coating that is applied to increase the fire protection properties of EPS. A suitable alternative that can process large amount of flame resistant EPS wastes needs to be developed, and one of the possible alternative is to use them as construction materials. In this research, experiments were designed to observe whether the flame resistant EPS wastes can be utilized as partial replacements of fine aggregates in cement mortar. The replacement ratio of waste EPS was varied, and its effect on compressive strength and absorption capacity was investigated. According to the experimental results, both compressive strength and absorption capacity met the Korean Standard specification for cement bricks and blocks, indicating that flame resistant EPS wastes can be used for construction purposes.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2020년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.117-118
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• 2020

The masonry structure is constructed by cement mortar binding material of brick objects and uses reinforced hardware (connected hardware or wall tie) together when building. However, over time, the corrosion of reinforced steel and the deterioration of joint mortar as well as bricks cause the risk of collapse. In particular, when the externally decorated brick wall is installed on the concrete girder for each floor, the angle bracket is not constructed or corroded, the full-layer weight load is applied to the wall of 0.5B, which is an example of full-scale or collapse. The purpose of this study is to provide numerical information on the reinforcement design by experimentally studying the structural performance of concrete reinforcement brackets that reinforce the vertical load of the exterior wall.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.348-357
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 생갯벌을 잔골재 대신 치환한 모르타르의 물리적 특성에 대한 실험을 진행하여 벽돌로써의 활용 가능성을 분석하였다. 플로우 측정결과 시멘트와 잔골재의 배합비가 높을수록 플로우 값이 증가하였으며, 생갯벌의 치환율이 감소할수록 플로우값이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 염화물 함유량 측정결과 생갯벌의 치환율이 감소할수록 염화물 함유량 또한 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 압축강도 측정결과, 대부분의 배합비에서 생갯벌의 치환율이 감소할수록 압축강도는 반비례하여 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 인장강도 측정결과, 압축강도와 비슷한 경향을 나타냈다. 그리고 생갯벌 치환율이 감소할수록 강도가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.227-234
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 준설토 투기장의 갯벌을 골재의 대체 재료로 사용하여 갯벌의 혼입율, 물-시멘트비의 증가에 따른 모르타르의 특성 및 친환경 건축자재로서의 적용 가능성을 분석하였다. 플로우 실험결과 갯벌 혼입량이 증가할수록 플로우 값이 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며, 염화물함유량시험은 갯벌의 혼입량이 증가함에 따라 염화물함유량이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 갯벌을 혼입한 시험체의 압축 및 인장강도시험에서는 갯벌의 혼입율이 증가할수록 강도는 저하되었지만 재령 14일강도 기준으로 대부분의 시험체가 Plain보다 높은 강도를 나타냈으나, 재령 14일의 강도가 재령 28일의 강도보다 높은 값을 발현하였다. 이는 갯벌의 점성과 응집력으로 인한 혼합과정의 실험오차로 판단되며, 추후 갯벌의 혼합방법에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 본 실험의 압축강도에서는 물-시멘트비 70%가 가장 우수하였고, 인장강도에서는 물-시멘트비 80%가 가장 우수하였다. 표면분석평가에서는 강도와 배합, 다짐에서 가장 양호한 물-시멘트비 70%를 선정하여 표면의 거칠기를 분석하였는데, 분석결과에서 갯벌의 혼입율이 증가할수록 매끄러운 표면을 나타냈다. 결론적으로 물-시멘트비 70%가 갯벌모르타르의 최적의 혼합비이며 갯벌 혼입율 10~30%가 가장 최적의 비율로 판단된다. 또한 갯벌을 이용한 벽돌, 타일 등의 내부 마감재와 내부 미장바름재 등의 적용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.545-557
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• 2013

Disposal of construction wastes poses major challenge to the municipal administration in the developing countries. At the same time new developments in these countries are unscrupulously exploiting the natural resources. The sustainable development requires judicious and careful utilization of natural resources. In this context, reuse of construction and demolition waste can save the global natural resources to greater extent. In this work the bricks and concrete waste from construction sites were crushed to the desired sizes and mixed in various proportions to study its properties in the concrete both in fresh and hardened states. Six mixes of natural and recycled aggregates were used to make the coarse aggregates for the concrete. From each mix nine cylinders were cast, which were tested at 7,14 and 28 days. The properties of concrete with recycled aggregates were compared with the control mix having natural aggregates. The nominal ratio of cement sand and coarse aggregates were kept at 1:2:4 by weight for all mixes. The tests have shown that concrete with recycled aggregates made from old concrete and brick bats provide greater opportunities for reuse of construction wastes in concrete.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2012

This is a study that surveyed and analyzed the present status of producing loess construction materials in Korea from 2006 to 2011. The findings are as follows. 1) More than 70% of loess construction material manufacturers are distributed in the capital area. Chungcheong-do and Gyeonggi-do are grown by about 20% on the annual average. 2) Shape of loess brick is possessed mostly by a rectangular parallelepiped. A hole shape, which has 1~5 holes among these things, is possessing a majority. 3) It was indicated to be 42 days as material age for the compressive strength, to be about 2.7Mpa for both extrusion and compression, and to be about 30% for absorptance. 4) Among the whole loess material manufacturers, it accounts for 87 for loess brick 66% for loess mortar and more than 39% for loess paint, but within 10%~15% for other loess products. 5) The main specifications of loess brick are $300{\times}150{\times}150,\;300{\times}150{\times}100,\;300{\times}200{\times}150,\;300{\times}150{\times}200$ in order of the output of 74kinds of loess bricks. 6) In order to improve the strength of building materials, mortar and concrete used loess, it is necessary to examine closely about the effect of ceramic binder and cement on loess products.