• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.351-355
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• 1998

This study was carried out to investigate occurrence and distribution of cellular slime molds by vegetation in Mt. Seorak. Eleven species were isolated from surface soil samples as follows: P. violaceum, P. candidum, P. purpureum, D. brefeldianum, D. minutum, D. delicatm, D. crassicaule, D. macrocephalum, D. firmibasis, D. polycephalum and D. implicatum. The dorminant species was D. brefeldinum. D. delicatum, D. implicatum, D. polycephalum and P. candidum of them were isolated rarely in Korea. It can be thought that these results were caused by characteristics of forest zone and geographical condition which Mt. Seorak is located at east side of central areas of Korea.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 1993

Seven dictyostelid cellular slime molds isolated from the forest soils of Mt. Halla were described and illustrated. Dictyostelium flavidum Hong et Chang and three unidentified Dictyostelium, HL-2, HL-3 and CJ-9 were compared and discussed. All the isolates were cultivated on low nutrient media, 0.1- L-P(pH6) with Escherichia coli at 20-22$^{\circ}C$. Seven unrecorded species were all polar granule (PG) negative. These were Dictyostelium crassicaule Hagiwara, D. sphaerocephalum (Oud.) Sacc. et March, D. macrocephalum Hagiwara, Yeh et Chien, D. capitatum Hagiwara, D. brefeldianum Hagiwara, D. aureum var. aureum Cavender, Worley and Raper, and D. giganteum Singh.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.7 no.2_3
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• pp.113-120
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• 1993

Dictyostelid cellular slime molds were quantitatibly isolated from Korean lawngrass turf in Seoul National University, Korea, by the 'Clonal Isolation Technique(Cavender and Raper, 1965a)'. Total six species were found. These are Dictyostelium sphaerocephalum. D. purpuream. D. flavidam, D. crassica ale, Polysphondilium pallidum. P. violaceum. D. sphaerocephalum was the dominant species and P. violaceum, D. flaviidum, D. crassicaule were rare. Compared with other region, species diversity and species richness of Korean lawngrass turf appeared to he low. The dominant species, however, is not very common in other plant communities, so it cnay he characteristic of Korean lawngrass turf.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.105-110
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• 1994

Dictyostelid cellular slime molds were quantitatively isolated from three golf courses in Kyonggi province. The samples were collected in tee, fairway, rough and out of bounds at each golf courses. Dictyostelium muoroides was found at rough of Seo-Seoul C.C and D. minutum at out of hounds of New Korea C.C Compared with other forests, species diversity and species richness appeared to be low. The properties of soils were investigated in three golf courses. This results were very low in water content, organic matter compared with artificial Korean lawngrsss turf in Seoul National University.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.315-321
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• 2000

The occurrence and distribution of Dictyostelid cellular slime molds on Mt. Mukak soils with two different vegetation types were investigated. Two plating methods were used for the isolation of dictyostelids following Dr. Hagiwara's method. Dictyostelium and Polysphondylium were isolated in these soils. D. purpureum (subtropical form ) and D. giganteum were observed in both Quercus variabilis and Pinus thunbergii communities soils. D. delicatum, B. sp-1 (D. brefeldianum complex). D. sp-2 (D. brefeldianum complex), D. minutum and P. pallidum complex occurred only in Q. variabilis soil. D. macrocephalum, D. purpureum (temperate form ), D. robustum, D. polycephalum, P. violaceum, and P. pallidium occurred only in P. thunbergii soil. P. pallidium complex is being identified.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.213-230
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• 1996

A study of occurrence and distribution of cellular slime molds(CSMs) in forest soils of central areas of Korea was carried out. Samples for CSMs isolation were collected from 4 study sites; Mt.Kyeryong, Mt. Taebaek, Mt. Sobaek and Mt. Sokri. In Mt. Kyeryong, six species were found. These were Dictyostelium fasciculatum, D.firmibasis, D. mucoroides, D. minutum, D. brefeldianum and Polysphondylium pallidum. The average number of species isolated at one site was 0.75, and average density(clones /g soil) was 292. The results of soil sample analyses were that the concentration of Pb was higher than any other areas. In Mt. Taebaek, seven species were found; D. fasciculatum, D.firmibasis, D. mucoroides, D. miuutum, P.pallidum. P. violaceum, P. candidum. The average number of species isolated at one site was 2.3,and average density was 1,108. Based on importance values calculated from study sites within each of three elevation ranges, several of the more widely distributed and abundant species have distribution patterns that show a response to elevation. In Mt. Sobaek, eleven species were found. These were D. fasciculatum. D.firmibasis, D. mucoroides, D. miuutum, D. brefeldianum, D. crassicaule,D. deminutivum, D. implicatum, P. pallidum. P. violaceum and P. candidum. The average number of species isolated at one site was 3, and average density was 793. Species diversity appeared to be the highest in this area. In Mt. Sokri, six species were found. These were D. fasciculatum. D. mucoroides, D. minutum, D. purpureum, P. pallidum. and P. violaceum. The average number of species isolated at one site was 2.4 and average density was 858. It was noticeable that D.purpureum were much more comrnonly found in this pinus evergreen forest. Key words: Cellular slime molds(CSMs), Importance value, Elevation, Average number of species, Average density.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.359-364
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• 2001

Regional variations of Dictyostelid cellular slime molds were examined using molecular data. The intertranscribed spacer regions including the 5.8S ribosomal DNA of 2 species(D. purpureum, P. violaceum) of Cellular Slime Molds were sequenced and analyzed. Among 13 strains of D. purpureum and 12 strains of P. violaceum analyzed, each two strains were obtained from ATCC and the others were isolated from the forest soils in Korea. The sequences of the 5.8S ribosomal DNA were conserved among the strains of the same species, but unexpectedly highly variable among species. A high level of genetic diversity was found which was best resolved at the genus/species level as well as the family level by sequence data from the ITS 1 and ITS 2 regions. According to the sequence alignments by CLUSTAL X and the phylogeographic analyses by PAUP, 12 strains of P. violaceum were divided into three groups among which there were no difference of the morphological characteristics. Among 13 strains of D. purpureum, genetic variations were related to two morphological types, the temperate and subtropical type. There was no variation pattern according to geography in Korea, but there were some variations between Korea and other countries.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 1996

Twelve dictyostelids occurred in the southern coastal area and islands; nine species of genus Dictvostelium and three species of genus Polysphoslylium. In ten sites of evergreen-broadleaved forests, 12 species were identified and average prensent species was 6.0. D. mucoroiles, D. misutum, P. pallilum and P. violaceum were dominant species. The first dominant species was D. mucoroides. Its importance value was 55 and was much more than the others. Especially, for P. violaceum presence was 90%. It was much higher. But relative density was no more than 3%. D. minutum that was not common species had comparahly high im- portance value. In two sites of evergreen conifers, only four species occurred; D. mucoroiles, D. brefeldianum, D. capitatum and P. pallilum Average present species was 2.0. Dominant species was D. mucoroides. Average of total clones in evergreen-hroadleaved forests and evergreen conifers were irrespectively 8,608 and 9,541. As for the number of species, cellular slime molds distributed variably in evergreen-broadleaved forests than evergreen conifers.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.191-200
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• 1992

Dictyostelid cellular slime molds isolated quantitatibly from the oils of evergreen broad-leaved forest and moist grassland of mt. halla in korea. nineteen species were found, including four undescribed species. species underscribed in korea are dictyostelium aureum var. aureum, d. crassicaule, d. monochasioides, and polysphondylium tenuissimum. Among these isolates, d. crassicaule and d. monochasioides were found only in evergreen broad-leaved forest, and p.tenuissimum was commonly found in moist grassland and meadow. in warn temperate regions investigated, d. mucoroides occurred rarely. It was noticeadle that d. sphaerocephalum, d. aureum var. aureum and d. purpureum were much more commonly found in warm temperate region. Species diversity in evergreen broad-leaved forest was the highest among the forests investigated until now in korea. Many isolates in mt. halla distributed differently in relation to the vegetations and altitudes. distritution patterns of isolates from mt. halla were discussed.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.331-337
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• 2000

Fourteen different taxa of dictyostelid cellular slime molds were recovered from the alpine and subalpine zone in Mt. Paektu. In subalpine zone, six species were recovered : Dictyostelium minutum, D. brefeldianum, D. crassicaule, D. capitatum, Polysphondylium solitarium and P. pallidum. One of these species which were isolated from the soils of Larix olgensis community exhibited several distinctive features which differed from the published species. This species was designated as a new species, Polysphondylium solitarium Kang et Chang, sp. nov. When cultivated at 22~24$^{\circ}C$ on low-nutrient agar media with Escherichia coli, Polysphondylium solitarium is distinguishable from other species by the following combination of features: (ⅰ) the sorocarps with vinaceous pigmentation; (ⅱ) pseudoplasmodia radial. usually centralized and rarely subdivided; (ⅲ) the various number of whorls; (ⅳ) the spores with unconsolidated and nonconspicuous polar granules. Also, we confirmed this new species by analyzing ribosomal DNA (ITS1, ITS2 and 5.8s DNA) sequences of P. solitarium and P. violaceum.