• KSBB Journal
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.412-417
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• 1994

The biodegradable characteristics of starch-filled polyethylene film by fungi were investigated. Aspergillus niger showed the highest cell growth among five species of fungi used in the experiment. Higher starch content gave the higher growth rate of A. niger; however, the kind of film or cutting direction did not give any effects on the cell growth. The use of vinyl trimethoxysilane for the stronger binding of starch and polyethylene did not inhibit the cell growth. When the starch content was higher than 10%, the elongation of the film decreased significantly after the growth of microorganism in the case of transverse direction samples.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.327-333
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• 1991

Cheddar치즈의 숙성기간을 단축시키고 flavor를 증진시킬 목적으로 단백분해력이 있는 Micrococcus sp. LL3를 Cheddar 치즈에 첨가하기 위하여 본 균의 최적배양을 위한 배지조성을 검토하였다. 탄소원으로는 glucose, mannose, fructose 등의 단당류가 양호하였으며, arabinose, xylose는 균의 성장을 심하게 저해하였다. 본 균주에서는 탄소원의 첨가에 의한 catabolite repression은 나타나지 않았다. 또한 질소원으로는 yeast extract 0.2%의 첨가가 균의 성장에 좋았으며, 무기 질소원 첨가시는 균의 성장이 감소하였다. 특히 urea를 첨가시 균의 성장에 심한 저해효과가 있었다. 본 균주는 NaCl 9%첨가시 까지도 균의 생육이 가능했으며, 특히 1%첨가시에는 균체생육 및 단백분해 효과가 다소 증가하였다. 무기염의 경우 $MgSO_4\;0.05%$, 아미노산은 glutamic acid 0.2%첨가시 효과가 좋았다. 그러나 비타민은 $0.1\;{\mu}g/ml$ 수준으로 첨가시에 균의 성장 및 단백분해 효과에 영향을 미치지 않았다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.231-235
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• 1989

부착성 동물세포인 recombinant human embryonic kidney cell line 293을 5% FBS가 함유된 DME/F12(3:1) mixture 배지에서 배양할 경우 static culture에서와는 달리 미립담체 배양에서는 낮은 부착효율과 spreading의 저해현상이 관찰되었다. Cell line 293의 미립담체 배양에 있어서 배지내의 serum은 세포의 미립담체에 대한 부착속도(attach-ment rate)를 감소시킬 분만 아니라 세포의 증식을 저해한다는 사실을 확인하였다. 이러한 경우, conditioned microcarrier를 이용함으로써 미립담체로부터 세포의 탈착을 어느 정도 막을 수 있었다. 특히 autocrine growth factor를 생성하는 hepatoma cell line인 HpG 2 cell을 배양하여 얻은 conditioned medium을 serum-free medium에 첨가하여 사용함으로써 세포의 정상적인 성장 분만 아니라 growth-stimulation을 유도할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2020

In this study, basic data with respect to the introduction of Hipphophae rhamnoides L. and its cultivation in Korea could be obtained. According to the size of the plug cell tray, Chinese origin's rate of seed germination was relatively high in 128 plug cell tray, and growth was vibrant in 50 plug cell tray. The germination and growth of Russian origin seeds showed that they were relatively effective in 50 plug cell tray and with respect to soil environment, TKS-2 soil with untreated shading relatively promoted both germination and growth for Chinese origin, the rate of germination was high in bed soil for horticulture and growth result was good in TKS-2 in the case of Russian origin. It was confirmed that the germination rate of Chinese origin H. rahmnoides L. was highest in untreated shading and the shoot growth was vibrant in 70% shading while the growth in roots was vibrant in the untreated shading. In the Russian origin, H. rhamnoides L. the germination rate in 30% and 70% shading was about 50% which was higher than that in the untreated shading and general growth was vibrant in 30% shading.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.192-197
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• 2005

The effects of macronutrients $(NO_3^-,\; NH_4^+\;and\;PO_4^{3-})$ on cell growth and triterpenoids production in Centella asiatica cell suspension cultures were analyzed using the Box­Behnken response surface model experimental design. In screening and optimization experiments, $PO_4^{3-}$ as a single factor significantly influenced cell growth where increasing the phosphate level from 0.1 to 2.4 or 2.6 mM, elevated cell growth from 3.9 to $14\~16g/L$. The optimum values predicted from the response surface model are 5.05mM $NH_4^+$, 15.0mM $NO_3^-$ and 2.6mM $PO_4^{3-}$, yielding 16.0g/L cell dry weight with $99\%$ fitness to the experimental data. While the $NH_4^+-NO_3^-$ interaction influenced cell growth positively in the optimization experiment, $NH_4^+$ and $NO_3^-$ as single factors; and interactions of $NO_3^--PO_4^{3-},\;NH_4^+-PO_4^{3-}$ and $NH_4^+-NO_3^-$ were all negative in the screening experiment. Cell growth and the final pH level were positively affected by $PO_4^{3-}$, but negatively affected by $NH_4^+\;and\;NH_4^+-PO_4^{3-}$ interactions. The different effects of factors and their interactions on cell growth and final pH are influenced by a broad or narrow range of macronutrient concentrations. The productions of triterpenoids however were lower than 4mg/g cell dry weight.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2006

We previously found that cobrotoxin inhibited $NF-{\kappa}B$ activity by reacting with signal molecules of $NF-{\kappa}B$ which is critical contributor in cancer cell growth by induction of apoptotic cell death. We here investigated whether cobrotoxin inhibits cell growth of human prostate cancer cells through induction of apoptotic cell death, which is related with the suppression of the $NF-{\kappa}B$ activity. Cobrotoxin $(0{\sim}8\;nM)$ inhibited prostate cancer cell growth through increased apoptosis in a dose dependent manner. Cobrotoxin inhibited DNA binding activity of $NF-{\kappa}B$, an anti-apoptotic transcriptional factor. Consistent with the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of $NF-{\kappa}B$, cobrotoxin increased the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins caspase 3. Cobrotoxin, a venom of Vipera lebetina turanica, is a group of basicpeptides composed of 233 amino acids with six disulfide bonds formed by twelve cysteins. NF-kB is activated by subsequent release of inhibitory IkB and translocation of p50. Since sulfhydryl group is present in kinase domain of p50 subunit of NF-kB, cobrotoxin could modify NF-kB activity by protein-protein interaction. And Cobrotoxin down regulated Akt signals. Salicylic acid as a reducing agent of Sulf-hydryl group and LY294002 as a Akt inhibitor abrogated cobrotoxin-induced cell growth and DNA binding activity of $NF-{\kappa}B$. These findings suggest that nano to pico molar range of cobrotoxin could inhibit prostate cancer cell growth, and the effect may be related with the induction of apoptotic cell death through Akt dependent inhibition of $NF-{\kappa}B$ signal.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.19-23
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• 1973

Penicillin을 농도별로 첨가한 Bouillon medium에서 배양한 Bacillus subtilis의 성장상태와 세포내미세구조를 전자현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. penicillin의 농도가 높아짐에 따라 본균의 성장이 현저하게 억제되고 분열된 세포일지라도 분리가 잘 되지않고 서로 융합되어 있다. 2. Cell wall 및 cell membrane 성장에 저해를 일으켜 septa형성이 불가능하다. 3) 세포질은 증가하나 세포막의 형성저해로 인하여, 세포가 팽대되어 세포막이 파열되며, 세포질이 세포외로 유출되어 내부가 공백상태로 된다. 따라서 그 기능을 상실하게 되는 것 같다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1041-1046
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• 1998

This study was carried out to investigate the changes and composition of the non-cellulosic neutral sugars in cell wall of soybean sprouts during growth. The composition of non-cellulosic neutral sugars in cell of soybean sprouts was rhamnose, fucose, xylose, arabinose, mannose, galactose and glucose. The galactose content of cell wall was higher than other non-cellulosic neutral sugars, and was remarkably decreased during growth. The major non-cellulosic sugars of pectic substances were rhamnose, arabinose, and galactose. The arabinose content of pectic substance was increased in cotyledon and hypocotyl during growth. The contents of non-cellulosic neutral sugars were decreased in hypocotyl during growth. The galactose content of pectic substance was higher in cotyledon than those in hypocotyl, and was increased in cotyledon. The content of rhamnose was higher in ionically associated pectic substance than that in covalently bounded pectic substance. The major non-cellulosic neutral sugars of hemicellulose were glucose, rhamnose, arabinose and galactose. The galactose of hemicellulose was decreased remarkably during growth.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2002

To elucidate the effect of sucrose on cell growth and anthocyanin production, 1, 3, 5, and 7% sucrose were applied to liquid MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L BA + 0.1 and 1 mg/L 2,4-D. Higher sucrose concentration decreased the cell growth regardless of the hormonal composition. Cain in fresh weight was gradual, showing the peak at day 12 in culture, and then decreased. Anthocyanin content increased with sucrose concentration in the medium, and practically there was no difference in anthocyanin content between the two media differing in 2,4-D content. Sucrose concentration for appropriate anthocyanin production was 7%, while 5% was more suitable for increase in total anthocyanin content. At higher sucrose levels, anthocyanin content was high due to the cessation of the cell growth. Medium pH decreased at the early stage and gradually increased thereafter.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.617-624
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• 2007

Insulin-like growth factor(IGF) is the most abundant growth factor in bone matrix. Recent studies have shown that it can sensitize apoptotic cell death of osteoblasts. Thus, this study investigated whether IGF-II aggravates irradiation-induced cell death of osteoblasts. Cultured MC3T3 osteoblasts were irradiated and IGF-II was added at the concentration of 50 ng/ml immediately after the irradiation. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Changes in cell death and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of proapoptotic gene bax and antiapoptotic gene bcl-2 was quantified by real time RT-PCR and Western blot. A dose of 30 Gy caused G2/M arrest and increased cell death through both necrosis and apoptosis, while irradiation from 4 to 10 Gy little affected cell cycle and death. IGF-II treatment reduced cell viability without stimulating cell proliferation and changing cell cycle. Combined treatment of IGF-II with irradiation decreased cell viability and proliferation and increased cell death along with G2/M arrest. These effects were not different from those of irradiation only. At transcriptional and protein levels, IGF-II treatment did not affect bax and bcl-2 expression, whereas irradiation increased the expression ofbax without changes in bcl-2. IGF-II in combination with irradiation showed similar findings. These results suggest that IGF-II could modulate apoptotic cell death through mechanisms other than an imbalance between bax and bcl-2 gene expression, although its effect was overridden by irradiation.