• Title/Summary/Keyword: Cell Count

Search Result 1,419, Processing Time 0.031 seconds

Effect of Physicochemical Treatment on Growth Inhibition of Hanseniaspora uvarum Y1 from Yogurt (물리·화학적 처리에 의한 요구르트 오염균의 생육 억제효과)

  • SunWoo, Chan;Lee, So-Young;Yoon, So-Young;Jung, Ji-Yeon;Kim, Koth-Bong-Woo-Ri;Lee, Chung-Jo;Kwak, Ji-Hee;Kim, Min-Ji;Kim, Dong-Hyun;Jung, Seul-A;Kim, Hyun-Jee;Ahn, Dong-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.40 no.12
    • /
    • pp.1781-1786
    • /
    • 2011
  • This study was conducted to investigate the cause of microbiological contamination in yogurt and evaluate the effect of physicochemical treatment on the growth inhibition of Hanseniaspora uvarum isolated from yogurt. The yeast strain Hanseniaspora uvarum Y1 was subjected to heat and pH treatments. H. uvarum Y1 was killed at $70^{\circ}C$ and $80^{\circ}C$ after 15 min and survived in a wide pH range from pH 2 to 9. However, it did not survive under pH 1 and over pH 10. In a disk diffusion susceptibility test on H. uvarum Y1, a clear zone (5 mm) of growth inhibition was observed upon treatment with electrolyzed water. The effect of ozone gas on the growth of H. uvarum Y1 was evaluated by viable cell count. Initial cell numbers of $10^2$ and $10^3$ CFU/mL of H. uvarum Y1 were completely killed by treatment for 10 and 30 min, respectively. H. uvarum Y1 was also sterilized by microwave treatment for 1 min. When treated with gamma-irradiation, the rate of killing of H. uvarum Y1 was proportional to the irradiation dose. and complete killing occurred at a dose of 50 kGy.

Changes in Quality of Salted and Dried Brown-Croaker Product Prepared with Deep Seawater Salt (해양심층수 소금을 이용한 민어 염건품 제조 및 저장 중 품질 변화)

  • Joo, Dong-Sik
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.40 no.2
    • /
    • pp.235-244
    • /
    • 2011
  • The physicochemical properties and quality changes in salted and dried brown croaker products using deep seawater salt were investigated for preparation with different pretreatment, salting and drying conditions. Optimum salt concentration, salting time and drying time for product were 20% of body weight, 12 hrs at room temperature ($25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$), and 24 hrs at $30{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, respectively. The volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), peroxide value (POV), viable cell count and acid value (AV) of viscera and blade removed products were 18.9~22.4 mg%, 21.0~32.5 meq/L, and 2.3~4.4 mg/mL, $2.0\sim3.5{\times}10^3$ CFU/g, respectively and only viscera removed products were 31.2~38.1 mg%, 40~55.2 meq/L, 7.0~11.5 mg/mL, $4.1\sim5.5{\times}10^3$ CFU/g, respectively. Changes in quality of salted and dried brown croaker products were investigated during storage at room temperature and $5{\pm}2^{\circ}C$. The POV, AV and viable cell counts of salted and dried brown croaker products increased in commercial salt used and only viscera removed products compared with deep seawater salt used and viscera and blade removed products during storage time. Results in this study showed that the deep seawater salt was very effective for quality control of salted and dried brown croaker products and pretreatment method was a very important factor for preparation products. The optimum conditions for preparation of salted and dried brown croaker product were 20% of body weight for salt concentration, 12 hrs at $25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ for salting time, and 24 hrs at $30{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ for drying time. Optimum storage time for quality maintenance was 14 days at $5{\pm}2^{\circ}C$.

Control of Microorganisms in School Refectories and Kitchens Using Ozone Water and Ozone Gas (오존수 및 오존가스를 이용한 학교급식에서의 미생물 제어)

  • Choi, Jin-Kyung;Shin, Il-Shik;Kim, Dae Uk;Kim, Hee-Yun
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.47 no.5
    • /
    • pp.586-592
    • /
    • 2015
  • This study was performed to determine optimum approaches for control of microorganisms in school refectories and kitchens. A reduction of more than 5.0 log CFU/mL was noted for Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus mutans after treatment with 5 ppm ozone water for 60 s. Treatment of different vegetables with ozone water for 5 min showed bactericidal effects with 2-4 log reduction of viable cell number; the bactericidal effects differed according to the kinds of vegetables. The viable cell number on kitchen apparatus and tableware was not detected by ozone water treatment for 60 s. In addition, the count of the bacteria floating in the air in refectories and kitchens decreased 2.0 log CFU/1,000 L air to 0-1 CFU/1,000 L air on treatment with 45 ppm ozone gas for 12 hr. Therefore, ozone water and ozone gas may be good candidates as antimicrobial agents that can be used to improve sanitary conditions in school refectories and kitchens.

The Change of Serum Soluble E-selectin in Kawasaki Disease (가와사끼병에서의 혈청 Soluble E-selectin의 변화)

  • Jeong, Jae-Ho;Cho, Eun-Young;Lim, Jae-Woo;Cheon, Eun-Jeong;Ko, Kyong-Og;Lee, Kyung-Il
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
    • /
    • v.48 no.5
    • /
    • pp.539-544
    • /
    • 2005
  • Purpose : The aim of this study was to investigate the pathophysiologic role of serum E-selectin, vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-induced cell adhesion mollecule in Kawasaki disease(KD) and to look for the evidence of direct relationship between the plasma levels of soluble E-selectin and the incidence of coronary artery lesion(CAL). Methods : Changes in plasma levels of sE-selectin(n=98) over time were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in 23 patients with acute KD and 25 age-matched febrile children. Results : Compared with control values, the peak levels of plasma sE-selectin were significantly elevated($mean{\pm}S.E$. : $22.89{\pm}12.53ng/mL$ vs $10.65{\pm}3.42ng/mL$, P=0.01) in KD. 5 patients with CAL, plasma sE-selectin levels before treatment were higher than in 18 patients without CAL($mean{\pm}S.E$. : $39.43{\pm}15.08ng/mL$ and $19.00{\pm}8.32ng/mL$, respectively; P=0.01). Plasma sE-selectin declined rapidly in the majority of KD patients regardless of the presence of CAL. Plasma sE-selectin levels after treatment and convalesent period were similar in KD patients with and without CAL. The plasma levels sE-selectin were correlated with those of white blood cell count(r=0.299, P<0.05), CRP(r=0.430, P<0.05), serum albumin(r=-0.483, P<0.05), serum protein(r=-0.502, P<0.05) and hemoglobin(r=-0.372, P<0.05) not with those of ESR, platelet, or duration of fever. There were significant differences in the initial level of serum sE-selectin between KD with and without CAL($mean{\pm}S.E$. : $39.44{\pm}15.08ng/mL$ vs. $19.00{\pm}17.18ng/mL$) in multivariated linear tests. Conclusion : Plasma sE-selectin levels were significantly higher in KD than in other febrile illness. Higher plamsa levels of sE-selectin may have potential as a predictor of CAL in patients with KD.

Changes in Quality of Spray-dried and Freeze-dried Takju Powder during Storage (분무 및 동결 건조 탁주 분말의 저장 중 품질변화)

  • Jeong, Jin-Woong;Park, Kee-Jai;Kim, Myung-Ho;Kim, Dong-Soo
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.38 no.4
    • /
    • pp.513-520
    • /
    • 2006
  • Spray-dried (SD) and freeze-dried (FD) takju powders were stored at 5, 15 and $25^{\circ}C$, and various quality characteristics such as moisture, amino nitrogen, color value, total viable cell count, total sugar, reducing sugar organic acid, and flavor compounds were measured for 50 days at 10-day intervals. After 50 days of storage, the moisture content was increased from an initial 6.64% to 7.24-7.38% in the SD powder, and from an initial 4.86 to 5.43-5.61% in the FD powder. pH, total acid content and total viable cell counts were slightly increased. Organic acid content was decreased in the SD powder from an initial 3,949.9 mg% to 805.9-922.3 mg%, and in the FD powder from an initial 5,171.5 mg% to 3,646.0-4,110.2 mg%. Amino nitrogen content was increased in the SD powder from an initial 1.2% to 1.9-2.2% and in the FD powder from an initial 1.9% to 2.2-2.5%. Total sugar and reducing sugar contents were increased in the SD powder from an initial 17.2% and 4.0% to 25.9-27.3% and 5.8-6.9%, and in the FD powder from an initial 19.1% and 5.2% to 29.2-30.2% and 8.3-8.8%, respectively. With increasing storage time, L and b values in the SD powder increased slowly, while L value in the FD powder tended to decrease and b value tended to increase. About 20 major volatile flavor components were identified in the SD and FD powders by GC-MS and all such component levels were decreased with increasing storage time.

Clinical Evaluation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Antibody Titer and Laboratory Tests in Acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia (급성기 Mycoplasma 폐렴의 항체가와 검사소견에 관한 고찰)

  • Lee, Eun Hee;Lee, So Ra;Kim, Hwa In;Kim, Jong Duck
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
    • /
    • v.6 no.1
    • /
    • pp.93-100
    • /
    • 1999
  • Purpose : For evaluation of acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae(M. pneumoniae) pneumonia in children, we have studied the Mycoplasma indirect particle agglutination test, cold hemagglutinin test, ESR, CRP, and total white blood cell counts and it's differential count retrospectively. Methods : The total numbers of patients whom compatible with diagnostic criteria of acute M. pneumoniae peumonia were 56 cases from Jan. to Dec. 1997. The diagnostic criteria were 1) onset of fever(${\geq}38.0^{\circ}C$) and coughing were within 7 days, 2) rhonchi and/or role was audible on chest, 3) pneumonic infiltration on chest X-ray, and 4) M. pneumoniae indirect particle agglutination test titer was higher than 1:640, or initial titer was less than 1:640 but increased more than 4 folds after week. We classified the enrolled patients according to initial antibody titer, such as soup A(${\leq}1:640$) and group B(${\geq}1:320$). We compared group A and B by demographic findings, clinical symptoms and signs, and laboratory findings. Results : 1) The male and female sex ratio was 1:1.4, and average onset age was $5.8{\pm}2.96$ years. 2) The average body temperature on admission was $38.5{\pm}0.1^{\circ}C$ and productive coughing was noticed in 52 cases(93%). 3) The average total white cell counts were $10,470{\pm}877.0/mm^3$ in group B patients, which was significantly higher compared to $7,761{\pm}508.5/mm^3$ in group A(p<0.014). 4) The average value of ESR and CRP were within normal range in both group. 5) The most common site of pneumonic infiltration was right lower lobe of lung in both groups. 6) There were no correlation between antibody titer and cold hemagglutinine titer in patients and cold hemagglutination titer were less than 1:64 in 25 cases(45%). Conclusion : The clinical manifestations of pneumonia, findings of chest x-ray, and indirect particle agglutination test were useful on diagnosis of M. pneumoniae pnumonia onset within 7 days, but cold hemagglutinin test was a little diagnostic meaning.

  • PDF

Effects of Boostin-250 Supplementation on Milk Production and Health of Dairy Cows (재조합 Bovine Somatotropin 250 mg 제제의 투여가 젖소의 산유량 및 건강에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Yo-Han;Kim, Doo
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
    • /
    • v.29 no.3
    • /
    • pp.213-219
    • /
    • 2012
  • The recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) has been used for increasing milk production of dairy cows without adverse health effects. This study was conducted to compare effects of supplementation with $Boostin^{(R)}$-250 containing 250 mg of rbST on milk production with those of $Posilac^{(R)}$ and $Boostin^{(R)}$-S. And safety of rbST supplementation on target animals was also observed. Each twenty-five lactating dairy cows were assigned randomly to one of four groups. $Boostin^{(R)}$-250 and vehicle (control) were administered weekly. $Boostin^{(R)}$-S and $Posilac^{(R)}$ were administered two week intervals. Milk yield, milk components, milk somatic cell count, health status, and body condition score of cows were examined. Supplementation with $Posilac^{(R)}$, $Boostin^{(R)}$-S, and $Boostin^{(R)}$-250 induced more milk yield than control group by 2.9 kg/day (12.3%), 4.2 kg/day (17.9%), and 4.1 kg/day (17.4%), respectively. There was a significant difference in milk yield among three rbST treatment groups and control group (${\alpha}$ = 0.05). The rbST supplementation did not increase the incidence of clinical mastitis and milk somatic cell counts. Supplementation with rbST did not significantly affect milk components (milk fat, protein, and solid not fat). The rbST supplementation of the dairy cows after peak milk yield did not cause negative effect on BCS. However, some cows less than 100 days in milking had decreased BCSs after rbST supplementation. In conclusion, milk production in 250 mg of rbST administered cows every week was similar to that of 500 mg of rbST administered cows every 2 weeks. And supplementation of 250 mg of rbST every week could reduce metabolic stress in cows.

Comparing the Properties and Functionality of Kimchi Made with Korean or Japanese Baechu Cabbage and Recipes (한국산 및 일본산 배추를 이용하여 제조한 한국식 김치와 일본식 김치의 품질 특성과 기능성 비교)

  • Kim, Hee-Young;Kil, Jeung-Ha;Park, Kun-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.42 no.4
    • /
    • pp.520-526
    • /
    • 2013
  • To determine the kimchi with the best quality and functional characteristics, we manufactured and compared recipes for Korean and Japanese kimchi made either Korean or Japanese baechu cabbages. All batches were fermented for 4 weeks at $5^{\circ}C$, and tested for pH, texture, microbial count, sensory evaluation, DPPH radical-scavenging activity, and cell proliferation (using the MTT assay on AGS human gastric cancer cells). By the third week of fermentation, Korean kimchi made with Korean baechu (KK) and Japanese kimchi made with Korean baechu (KJ) showed a higher acidity than Korean or Japanese kimchi made with Japanese baechu (JK and JJ, respectively). KK ranked highest in springiness, followed by KJ, JK, and JJ. Therefore, the texture of kimchi produced with Korean baechu was appears better than kimchi produced with Japanese baechu. This was confirmed in masticatory tests. Kimchi produced with Korean baechu (KK and KJ) showed lower total aerobic bacterial counts, while the total lactic acid bacterial counts were higher (p<0.05). In sensory evaluation test, KK received the highest overall acceptability score, while JJ earned the lowest score. In the DPPH assay for anti-oxidative activity, KK showed a 94% anti-oxidative effect, followed by KJ (92%), JK (91%), and JJ (88%) (p<0.05). In the MTT assay for analyzing the cell proliferation of AGS human gastric cancer cells, KK showed a 64% anticancer effect in vitro, followed by KJ (57%), JK (38%), and JJ (26%). Therefore, the anti-oxidative and anti-cancer functionalities of kimchi made with Korean baechu were higher than those made with Japanese baechu, regardless of the kimchi recipe applied. Overall, Korean baechu had important and superior effects on the quality and functionality of kimchi.

Management, Feeding Practices, Milk Yield and its Quality in Korean Dairy Farms: a Survey (낙농농가의 관리수준, 사양형태, 유생산성과 우유품질에 관한 조사)

  • 김현섭;이왕식;기광석;이현준;백광수;안병석;아주말 칸;김상범
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.48 no.3
    • /
    • pp.479-486
    • /
    • 2006
  • The current study was conducted to examine the effect of feeding and management practices on milk quality and dairy farm productivity in Korea. Fifty dairy farms in Gyunggi (11), Gangwon (22), Chungnam (17) provinces were surveyed to collect data on the herd size, housing style, feeding management, waste disposal, milking practices and milk yield. Milk tank samples from all farms under study were also collected to enumerate its composition and quality parameters. Large dairy herds are equiped with better housing, milking and waste control facilities than medium and small dairy herds. Higher concentrate feeding to lactating cows was noticed in small dairy herds (47.51 %) than in medium (32.59 %) and large dairy herds (31.82 %). The decrease in concentrate feeding to lactating cows with increase in number of cows per farm resulted in a simultaneous increase in the use of imported forages. Bacterial count in milk was affected by housing and milking facilities at dairy farms. Higher bacterial counts (Coliform and E. coli) in milk were observed in cows housed in stanchion than those under free stall with saw dust bedding. The bacterial counts were higher with bucket milking system than with pipe-line and parlour systems. The increase in the number of dairy cows per farm and thus better management and milking facilities resulted in a reduction in somatic cell score. Milk yield (per cow) was higher in herds with less somatic cell score. Average milk protein concentration was between 2.89 to 2.98 % and milk urea nitrogen was between 21.81 to 23.31mg/ml on surveyed dairy farms. This study concluded that large herd size with better dairy cow management facilities is crucial to produce quality milk with better dairy farm income.

Comparison of Milk Yield and Milk Composition Between Before and After Auto Milking System (AMS) Use in Dairy Cow (국내 자동착유시스템 이용농가의 설치 전·후 산유량 및 유성분 비교)

  • Ki, Kwang-Seok;Jeong, Young-Hun;Park, Sung-Jai;Kim, Sang-Bum;Lee, Wang-Shik;Lee, Hyun-June;Lim, Dong-Hyun;Kim, Hyeon Shup;Kwon, Eung-Gi;Cho, Mi-Yea;Yeo, Joon-Mo
    • Journal of Animal Environmental Science
    • /
    • v.17 no.3
    • /
    • pp.189-196
    • /
    • 2011
  • The present study was conducted to investigate effects of auto milking system (AMS) on milk yield and milk composition in dairy cow using dairy herd improvement (DHI) record. DHI records for 147 cows were compared between a year before and after AMS use. AMS significantly increased daily milk yield compared with the conventional milking system (30.4kg vs 34.3 kg for CMS and AMS, respectively). There were no significant differences in the contents of milk fat (3.7% vs 3.8% for CMS and AMS) and milk protein (3.2% vs 3.2% for CMS and AMS) between CMS and AMS. But the yields of milk fat and milk protein were significantly higher for AMS than for CMS. Average somatic cell counts were 169,400/ml (1st grade) before AMS use but increased by 314,400/ml (2nd grade) after AMS use. Overall, AMS increased milk yield and the yields of milk fat and protein without affecting milk composition but also increased somatic cell count.