• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.1675-1680
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• 2013

Recently, the permanent magnet linear synchronous motor as low noise, high speed and high thrust force transportation system has been proposed but this motor causes an increase of material cost because of its characteristic arranging the armature on the full length of transportation lines when this system is applied to the long distance transportation system. Therefore, we suggested discontinuous arrangement method of the armature to solve this problem. However, Detent force which causes thrust force ripple generating noise, vibration and decline of performance is generated when a mover pass between the armatures. Thus, in this paper, we examined characteristic of detent force to reduce the end edge effect according to the end edge teeth's height and auxiliary teeth and suggested the shape that can the most reduce the detent force.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.14D no.6
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• pp.689-700
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• 2007

Organizations and customers lose if business activities we discontinued by an incident of information systems under the current business environment because they pursue real time enterprise and on demand enterprise. The loss includes the intangible decline in brand image, customer separation, and the tangible loss such as decrease in business profits. Thus. it is necessary to have preparedness in advance and mitigation for minimization of a loss due to the business discontinuity and information system's operational risks. This paper suggests the mitigation model for minimizing the incidents of disk unit in information system's operational risks. The model will be represented by a network model which is composed of the three items as following: (1) causes, attributes, indicators of an operational risk, (2) a periodic time through an analysis of historical data, (3) an index or a regulation related to the examination of causes of an operational risk.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.187-192
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• 2023

A problem user in a library refers to a person who harasses others or causes a disturbance through inappropriate behavior in the library. Users' continued problematic behavior reduces the work productivity of librarians and at the same time causes inconvenience to other users. This may cause a decline in the free use of public libraries. In Korea, a user response manual has been developed to guide librarians to respond wisely to user problem behavior. However, it is true that most of the content provides guidance on how to communicate with problem users, and there is a lack of countermeasures to stipulate and regulate follow-up measures against them. The goal of this study is to further systematize response and organize them into written regulations. To this end, this study to examine regulations and legal battles surrounding problem users in oversea public libraries and to examine what can be applied in Korea in the future.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.359-365
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• 2005

Objectives : An abrupt economic decline may widen the socioeconomic differences in health between the advantaged and disadvantaged in a society. The aim of this study was to examine whether the South Korean economic crisis of 1997-98 affected the socioeconomic inequality from all-causes and from cause-specific mortality between 1995 and 2001. Methods : Population denominators were obtained from the registration population data, with the number of death (numerators) calculated from raw death certificate data. The indicator used to assess the geographic socioeconomic position was the per capita regional tax revenue. Administrative districts (Si-Gun-Gu) were ranked according to this socioeconomic measure, and divided into equal population size quintiles on the basis of this ranking. The sex- and 5-year age-specific numbers of the population and deaths were used to compute the sex- and age-adjusted mortality rates (via direct standardization method), standardized mortality ratios (via indirect standardization methods) and relative indices of inequality (RII) (via Poisson regression). Results : Geographic inequalities from all-causes of mortality, as measured by RII, did not increase as a result of the economic crisis (from 1998-2001). This was true for both sexes and all age groups. However, the cause-specific analyses showed that socioeconomic inequalities in mortalities from external causes were affected by South Korean economic crisis. For males, the RIIs for mortalities from transport accidents and intentional self-harm increased between 1995 and 2001. For females, the RII for mortality from intentional self-harm increased during the same period. Conclusions : The South Korean economic crisis widened the geographic inequality in mortalities from major external causes. This increased inequality requires social discourse and counter policies with respect to the rising health inequalities in the South Korean society.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.185-190
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• 2024

In 2022, we can see the real estate market in Korea going down. Corona 19 and the Russian invasion of Ukraine are cited as the biggest causes for this. These two problems ignited the economic recession, causing prices to fall and subsequently raising exchange rates and interest rates. Due to the aforementioned problems in the previously active real estate market, the number of actual transactions has decreased, resulting in a decline in the real estate market due to high interest rates. Data provided by the public data portal, KOSIS, and the Seoul Metropolitan Government were collected through Logstash, transferred to Elasticsearch, and visualized inflation, exchange rates, and loan interest rates using the dashboard function provided by Kibana, to analyze causes and derive results. In addition, three specific apartments in Nowon-gu and Jongno-gu, which have the highest number of actual transactions in Seoul, are selected and the actual transaction prices that change every month are displayed in the Data Table.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.667-671
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• 2009

Visfatin (Nampt/PBEF) plays a pivotal role in the salvage pathway for $NAD^+$ biosynthesis. Its potent inhibitor, FK866, causes cellular $NAD^+$ levels to decline, thereby inducing apoptosis in tumor cells. In an effort to improve the solubility and binding interactions of FK866, we designed and synthesized IS001, in which a ribose group is attached to the FK866 pyridyl ring. Here, we report the crystal structure of rat visfatin in complex with IS001. Like FK866, IS001 is positioned at the dimer interface, and all of the residues that interact with IS001 are involved in hydrophobic or ${\pi}-{\pi}$-stacking interactions. However, we were unable to detect any strong interactions between the added ribose ring of IS001 and visfatin, which implies that a bulkier modifying group is necessary for a tight interaction. This study provides additional structure-based information needed to optimize the design of visfatin inhibitors.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.77 no.3
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• pp.145-148
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• 2014

Valproic acid is one of the most common antiepileptic drugs used for the treatment of several seizure disorders. A 20-year-old man presented with a sudden decline of consciousness. He had a neurosurgery operation for intracranial and intraventricular hemorrhage. Following surgery, antiepileptic medication was administered to the patient in order to control his seizure events. On valproic acid treatment, he began to complain of fever and dyspnea. His symptoms persisted despite receiving empirical antibiotic treatment. All diagnostic tests for infectious causes were negative. A high-resolution computed tomography scan of the chest revealed predominantly dependent consolidation and ground-glass opacities in both lower lobes. The primary differential was drug associated with interstitial lung disease. Therefore, we discontinued valproic acid treatment and began methylprednisolone treatment. His symptoms and radiologic findings had significantly improved after receiving steroid therapy. We propose that clinicians should be made aware of the potential for valproic acid to induce lung injury.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.249-251
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• 2002

The avian pineal as well as the retina has been known to contain several types of photoreceptors with different visual pigments such as rhodopsin, iodopsin and the pineal specific opsin, pinopsin. These organs are also known to have circadian clock to regulate melatonin production. Exposure of animals to light causes a decline of the melatonin level and the phase shifts of melatonin rhythms in the pineal and retina. Therefore, the circadian clock system of these organs seem to consist of three elements, i.e., light input, oscillator and melatonin output systems. In birds, it was suggested that rhodopsin might be involved in the entrainment of pineal melatonin rhythms from the action spectrum experiment for controlling NAT activity rhythms. However, there are much more pinopsin-immunoreactive (Pino-IR) cells than rhodopsin (Rho-IR) and iodopsin (Iodo-IR) cells in the avian pineal. We found that Pino-IR cells appeared earlier embryonic stages than Rho-IR and Iodo-IR cells. So, we tried to identify the visual pigments involved in the circadian melatonin rhythms in the pineal and retina. Organ cultured pineals were exposed to monochromatic light to find out which opsin participates in regulation of melatonin rhythms. The action spectra showed a peak at 475nm, suggesting that pinopsin is the major photopigment to regulate melatonin production in birds.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.109-115
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• 1988

With the decreasing incidence of new cases and the highly effective results with antituberculous drug therapy, there is a marked decline in the need for surgery which was formerly such an important part in the successful program of management of this disease. During the period of two years and a half from Jun. 1984 to Dec. 1986, this study represents an analysis of 163 cases of several surgical management for eventual control of pulmonary tuberculosis at National Kon-ju tuberculosis Hospital. 1. Mode of surgical treatment was: Resection; 123 cases [Pneumonectomy: 83, lobectomy: 35, lobectomy plus segmentectomy; 4 segmentectomy: 1], thoracoplasty: 20 and others: 20. 2. Age distribution ranged 16and 68 with average of 34 years. Male and female ratio was 1.2: 1. 3. Surgical indications were: totally destroyed lung; 64, Destroyed lobe of segment; 13, cavity positive sputum; 10, cavity c negative Sputum; 6, Bronchostenosis c atelectasis; 2, empyema c or s BPF; 46, Aspergilloma; 8, Questions of Associated tumor; 4 and other 5. 4. Incidence of Complications was 10.4% and the mortality was 5.5 percent. The cause of mortality were analyzed. The main causes of death were respiratory insufficiency; 4, fulminant hepatitis; 1, hemorrhage; 1 and unknown; 1 in pneumonectomy, and asphyxia; 1 in lobectomy and sepsis; 1 in other procedure. 5. Conversion rare of positive sputum to negative state related to resectional surgery was 91.5%. In pneumonectomy, drug resistant group preoperatively showed 88.1% conversion rate postoperatively and drug sensitive group showed that 100% conversion rate. In lobectomy, both drug resistant and sensitive groups showed that 100% conversion rate postoperatively.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2003

Ischemic stroke is among the principal causes of death and disability in the elderly. Although control of blood pressure, decreased cigarette smoking, and modified dietary habits are among important reasons for stroke decline, the use of antithrombotic therapy, rigorously prescribed. Several antiplatelet agents are approved to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke. Aspirin is the best-studied and most widely used antiplatelet agent for stroke prevention; it provides approximately 15% to 25% relatively risk reduction for secondary prevention of stroke or the major vascular death. Combining 2 antiplatelet agents with different mechanism of action was demonstrated to provide a substantial increase in efficacy in several studies. Anticoagulation should be considered first with potential cardiac sources of embolism. Heparin reduces development of erythrocyte-fibrin thrombi that form in regions of vascular stasis especially within the heart, in severely stenosed arteries sometimes engrafted on white thrombi, in acute arterial occlusion. Heparin should not be indiscriminately given to all acute brain ischemia patients, but may contribute to treatment of large artery occlusion and severe stenosis, cardiogenic embolism with a high acute recurrence risk, and dural sinus and cerebral venous thromobosis.