• Title/Summary/Keyword: Causal perception

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시스템사고를 통한 사교육비경감정책 평가: 노무현 정부와 이명박 정부를 중심으로 (Evaluation of Policy for Reduction of Private Tutoring Expenditure based on Systems Thinking: Focusing on Roh and Lee Governments)

  • 백우정;최종덕
    • 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.5-34
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    • 2011
  • The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the policies for reducing private tutoring expenditure in Roh Mu Hyun and Lee Myeong Bak Government using Causal Loop analysis based on the Systems Thinking perspective. The results are as follows. First, high educational achievers receive more private tutoring than lowers and children who have rich parents have better chance to take private tutoring than the others. It reflects the social characteristics which emphasize the academic ability and educational background. Second, two governments implemented educational policies to control the private tutoring expenditure as balancing loops ; strengthening public education, providing after school programs and EBS KSAT teaching and improving the entrance exam of university. Third, they overlooked the unintended feedback loops coming from 1) incongruity between causes and countermeasures of shadow education 2) wrong perception of substitutional relationship between public education and shadow education 3) side effect of the policy increasing the weight of student record 4) problems of diversifying high schools 5) dilemma of easing the burden of testing through admission officer system. The conclusion is that policies of reducing the private education expenses have failed because two governments don't consider unintended Feedback Loops in the process of making education policies. So we have to make policies based on Systems Thinking and reducing private education expenses should not be the purpose of strengthening the public education.

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한국 성인의 우울과 자아존중감의 종단적 상호관계에 관한 연구: 인지취약모델과 상처모델 검증을 중심으로 (The relationship between self-esteem and depression among Korean adults: Examining cognitive vulnerability model and the scar model)

  • 김혜미
    • 사회복지연구
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    • 제45권2호
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    • pp.233-261
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구에서는 국내 성인의 자아존중감과 우울의 인과관계를 살펴보는데 목적을 두고, 한국복지패널 1~4차 데이터를 활용하여 인과관계를 설명할 수 있는 인지취약모델과 상처모델을 검증하였다. 또한 우울과 자아존중감의 변화궤적에 영향을 미치는 인구사회학적 변인을 파악함으로써 우울과 자아존중감 손상에 취약한 인구집단을 밝히고자 하였다. 분석결과 우울의 초기값이 자아존중감 변화율에 미치는 영향과 자아존중감 초기값이 우울 수준 변화율에 미치는 영향이 모두 유의하게 나타나 외국 연구와는 달리 국내 성인집단에서는 인지취약모델과 상처모델이 모두 지지되는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또한 이 상호관계는 인구사회학적 요인을 통제한 상태에서도 지지되었으며, 우울의 변화궤적과 자아존중감의 변화궤적 모두에 유의한 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 교육수준, 빈곤여부, 만성질환 여부 및 사회적 관계 만족도로 나타났다. 본 연구는 아직까지 연구되지 않은 성인기 집단의 우울과 자아존중감 관계의 매커니즘을 밝혔다는데 의의가 있으며, 논의를 통해 우울 예방 및 치료에 대한 실천적 함의를 제안하였다.

유튜브 이용자의 마음챙김 요인이 지속이용의도에 미치는 영향 (Effects of YouTube Users' Mindfulness factors on the Continued Use Intention)

  • 최경웅;변제민;권두순
    • 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.39-61
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    • 2021
  • This study aims to examine the effect of the Mindfulness for YouTube users. Recently, video sharing platforms have grown rapidly with YouTube, and YouTube has grown rapidly despite the emergence of various video sharing platforms. Which YouTube represents these changes, provides an environment where anyone can make and distribute videos. And through these advantages, many viewers are coming in and more creators are making videos. The purpose of this study is to understand the influence factors of YouTube service in Korea and to clarify the causal relationship between the factors that affect the continued use intention through usefulness, confirmation, and satisfaction. For this reason, presented a research model that applied key variables of the Mindfulness theory, which emphasized that users should be aware of their emotions. In order to empirical verification the research model of this study, a questionnaire was conducted for university students and general office workers who had experience using YouTube. As a result, first decentered attention has been shown that has no positive effect on perceived usefulness and confirmation. Second, non-judgmental acceptance has benn shown that has a postitive effect on perceived usefulness and confirmation. Third, current self-perception has been shown that has no positive effect on perceived usefulness and confirmation. Fourth, concentration has been shown that has no positive effect on perceived usefulness and confirmation. And Mindfulness has been shown that has a positive effect on satisfaction and perceived usefulness. Through this, it is important to use YouTube to use what users feel is important, and it is important to determine whether the video is helpful to them when accepting content and make them expect the next video.

코로나19 이후 ICT 중소벤처기업 정책 딜레마분석 (A Policy Dilemma Analysis on ICT SMEs after COVID19)

  • 이중만;조상섭
    • Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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    • 제29권4호
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    • pp.1-16
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    • 2022
  • This study analyzed the policy dilemma for ICT SMEs venture companies that changed after COVID-19 based on the results of the cognitive map analysis for ICT SMEs venture policies. First, as a result of analyzing the cognitive map of ICT SMEs venture companies that have changed since COVID-19, ICT venture companies are expanding support for ICT venture companies due to the threat of COVID-19. However, in order to convert COVID-19 into an opportunity factor, it also shows a policy direction to achieve innovative growth by creating a new market through non-face-to-face industry revitalization based on digital transformation (digital new deal). As a result of the study, the policy measures of supporting DNA-centered convergence innovation technology, digital transformation (digital new deal), fostering ICT startups (K-Global project), and expanding support for ICT SMEs did not have a policy dilemma. However, although many support has been expanded for ICT SMEs due to COVID-19, it is difficult to find and foster ICT start-up companies, and globalization problems are occurring due to the decrease in exports to COVID-19, making it difficult to create new markets. There is a negative (-) perception of causality that ICT SMEs venture companies may face risks as jobs decrease and innovative growth cannot be led to the revitalization of the non-face-to-face industry. Therefore, it was found that both the flow of causal relationship between the expansion of support for ICT SMEs and the high growth of ICT SMEs is not + and has a policy dilemma in part.

ATCIS-II의 사용이 의무적인 사용자의 인식이 심적 채택과 사용에 미치는 영향 (Effects of the User Perception on Symbolic Adoption and Usage in Mandatory ATCIS-II Use)

  • 박민석;박준성;유준우;박희준
    • 품질경영학회지
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    • 제50권3호
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    • pp.517-532
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study is to propose useful suggestions by analyzing causal effect relationship between perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease-of-use (PEOU), symbolic adoption (SA) which have four constructs, and ATCIS-II usage in mandatory context. Methods: Based on prior research, a research model was constructed using the variables of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the symbolic adoption theory, and the post-adoptive behavior variables. A structured questionnaire was conducted for those who use ATCIS-II in Republic of Korea Army (ROKA), and a total of 183 usable responses were collected and empirically analyzed using SmartPLS 3.3.9. Results: The results of this study are as follows; PEOU have a significant effect on PU and two constructs of SA (heightened enthusiasm, effort worthiness). PU have a significant effect on every construct of SA (heightened enthusiasm, mental acceptance, effort worthiness, use commitment). In addition, it was found that heightened enthusiasm have a significant effect on both expanded usage and exploratory usage. Also, mental acceptance and use commitment have a significant effect on exploratory usage. Conclusion: The findings of this empirical study have implications for proposing SA can explain mandated user's behavior and giving possible way that improve organization performance which adopt Information System (IS) by motivating end-user to extend IS's feature and explore new ways of using IS at work.

The link between Perceived Organizational Justice, Knowledge Hiding Behaviors and Innovative Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model

  • Choi, Suk-Bong;Jeong, Jae-Geum;Jung, Ki-Baek;Ullah, S.M. Ebrahim
    • 아태비즈니스연구
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.19-36
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    • 2022
  • Purpose - Previous studies tried to find antecedents of innovative behavior. However, research on knowledge hiding behavior, psychological mechanism, and perception of organizational justice has been relatively limited. In this sense, this study has investigated the impact of organizational justice on employees' innovative behavior and explored the factors that affect the above relationship. Especially, this study tested the direct effect of organizational justice on innovative behavior. This study also examines the mediating roles of knowledge hiding behavior in this causal relationship. Moreover, the process of organizational justice to innovative behavior is assumed to be influenced by leadership style. Therefore, we examined the moderating effect of authentic leadership on the relationship between organizational justice and knowledge hiding behavior. Design/methodology/approach - For the empirical test, we collected data via a questionnaire survey of a sample of 252 employees from Korean firms. We conducted a hierarchical regression analysis to test hypotheses. Results - The results of the empirical analysis revealed that organizational justice was positively related to innovative behavior and negatively related to knowledge hiding behavior. The results also showed that knowledge hiding behavior negatively mediated the relationship between organizational justice and innovative behavior. In addition, we found the moderating role of authentic leadership. More importantly, we found that the conditional indirect effect of organizational justice on innovative behavior via knowledge hiding behavior was depending on authentic leadership. Uncovering the relationship between organizational justice and innovative behavior through the mediating role of knowledge hiding behavior and the moderated mediating role of authentic leadership has useful theoretical and practical implications. We also suggest directions for future research by providing several limitations.

일부 치위생(학)과 학생의 학과 만족도에 관한 융합연구 : 접근 동기, 회피 동기, 디지털 사용인식 중심으로 (A Convergence Study on Partial Dental Hygiene (Department) and Student Satisfaction: Focusing on Approach Motivation, Avoidance Motivation, and Digital Use Recognition)

  • 손은교
    • 한국융합학회논문지
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    • 제13권5호
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    • pp.53-60
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    • 2022
  • 본 연구는 강원도 일개 대학 치위생과 학생을 239명을 대상으로 치위생과 상생 방안 마련을 위해, 접근 동기와 회피 동기, 디지털 사용 인식을 통한 구조모형의 인과관계를 파악하는 것이다. 통계 방법은 SPSS Statistics 24.0 프로그램과 AMOS 21.0을 이용하였다. 구조방정식 모델 분석 결과 접근 동기는 디지털 사용 인식과 수업 만족도에 유의하게 나타났다. 또한, 디지털 사용인식은 수업 만족도에 유의하게 나타났고, 수업 만족도는 학과 만족도와 학과 추천에 유의하게 나타났다. 마지막으로 학과 만족도는 학과 추천에 유의하게 나타났다. 즉, 치위생(학)과의 상생 방안은 디지털 수업의 융합 확대이다. 문제 해결을 위해서는 학교에서는 실기 수업을 위한 수업 자재의 확충 시설 구축 및 교수법을 강구할 필요가 있다.

코로나-19 백신 수용의도에 관한 연구: 정서 중심적 대처와 문제 중심적 대처 관점을 중심으로 (Understanding COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Intention: An Emotion-focused and Problem-focused Coping Perspective)

  • 유준우;박희준
    • 품질경영학회지
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    • 제51권4호
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    • pp.643-662
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    • 2023
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand an individuals' COVID-19 vaccine acceptance intention during the peak of the pandemic by utilizing the coping theory and technology threat avoidance theory (TTAT) as a framework. Specifically, we focused on understanding how inward and outward emotion-focused coping (EFC), such as psychological distancing and emotional support seeking, affect problem-focused behavior (PFC), which is vaccine acceptance. Furthermore, we investigate how the individuals' cognitive appraisal to- ward COVID-19, consisted of perceived threat and perceived avoidability act as an antecedent of EFC. Methods: A PLS-SEM analysis was conducted to find the causal relation between the variables. An online survey was conducted targeting vaccination recipients on April, 2021. Participants were asked about their perception toward the virus, their coping strategy, and vaccine acceptance intention. A total of 186 valid samples were collected and used for the analysis. Furthermore, to analyze the out-of-sample predictive power of the research model and ensure the generalizability of the results, a PLSpredict analysis was conducted. Results: The results of the PLS-SEM analysis show that perceived threat toward COVID-19 significantly affect an individuals' EFC strategy. Furthermore, both types of inward EFC (psychological distancing, wishful thinking) negatively affected vaccine acceptance intention. On the other hand, emotional support seeking, which is a type of outward EFC, positively affected vaccine acceptance. The result of the PLSpredict analysis confirms the generalizability of the PLS-SEM result. Conclusion: The results of our study could be utilized to decrease vaccine hesitancy and prevent global pandemics by accelerating and increasing vaccination. Our study provides several meaningful implications to researchers and practitioners regarding vaccine acceptance and threat coping behavior.

다문화 청소년의 지각된 차별감이 민족정체성 혼란에 미치는 영향: 이중문화역량을 통한 부모-자녀 개방형 의사소통의 조절된 매개효과 (Effects of Perceived Discrimination on Multicultural Adolescents' Ethnic Identity Conflict: A Moderated Mediation Effect of Parent-Child Open Communication through Bicultural Competence)

  • 김지원;강민주
    • Human Ecology Research
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    • 제62권1호
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    • pp.151-164
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    • 2024
  • This study examined the effects of perceived discrimination on multicultural adolescents regarding feelings of conflict over their ethnic identity by investigating the moderating role of father-child open communication and mother-child open communication mediated by bicultural competence. A total of 234 middle school students (grades 7-8; 139 girls and 95 boys) from multicultural families, from which the father is Korean and the mother is not, participated in the study. Data was collected through an online self-report questionnaire and was analyzed via SPSS 26.0 and Process (Version 4.1) MACRO. The results can be summarized as follows. First, bicultural competence mediated the effects of perceived discrimination on feelings of conflict over one's ethnic identity. Enhanced bicultural competence resulting from a lower perception of discrimination contributed to a reduction in feelings of conflict over one's ethnic identity. Second, the moderated mediation effect of fatherchild open communication was significant, while the effect of mother-child open communication was not. Thus, the mediation relationship (lower perceived discrimination increased bicultural competence and, thus, reduced conflict over one's ethnic identity) grew stronger as the level of father-child open communication increased. The significance of this study lies in uncovering the causal relationships between individual and environmental factors that contribute to ethnic identity development among multicultural adolescents, particularly highlighting the important role of Korean fathers within multicultural households.

정보시스템의 실제 이용에 대한 연구: 모바일 서비스 시스템 품질을 중심으로 (A Study on Actual Usage of Information Systems: Focusing on System Quality of Mobile Service)

  • 조우철;김기민;양성병
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.611-635
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    • 2014
  • Information systems (IS) have become ubiquitous and changed every aspect of how people live their lives. While some IS have been successfully adopted and widely used, others have failed to be adopted and crowded out in spite of remarkable progress in technologies. Both the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the IS Success Model (ISSM), among many others, have contributed to explain the reasons of success as well as failure in IS adoption and usage. While the TAM suggests that intention to use and perceived usefulness lead to actual IS usage, the ISSM indicates that information quality, system quality, and service quality affect IS usage and user satisfaction. Upon literature review, however, we found a significant void in theoretical development and its applications that employ either of the two models, and we raise research questions. First of all, in spite of the causal relationship between intention to use and actual usage, in most previous studies, only intention to use was employed as a dependent variable without overt explaining its relationship with actual usage. Moreover, even in a few studies that employed actual IS usage as a dependent variable, the degree of actual usage was measured based on users' perceptual responses to survey questionnaires. However, the measurement of actual usage based on survey responses might not be 'actual' usage in a strict sense that responders' perception may be distorted due to their selective perceptions or stereotypes. By the same token, the degree of system quality that IS users perceive might not be 'real' quality as well. This study seeks to fill this void by measuring the variables of actual usage and system quality using 'fact' data such as system logs and specifications of users' information and communications technology (ICT) devices. More specifically, we propose an integrated research model that bring together the TAM and the ISSM. The integrated model is composed of both the variables that are to be measured using fact as well as survey data. By employing the integrated model, we expect to reveal the difference between real and perceived degree of system quality, and to investigate the relationship between the perception-based measure of intention to use and the fact-based measure of actual usage. Furthermore, we also aim to add empirical findings on the general research question: what factors influence actual IS usage and how? In order to address the research question and to examine the research model, we selected a mobile campus application (MCA). We collected both fact data and survey data. For fact data, we retrieved them from the system logs such information as menu usage counts, user's device performance, display size, and operating system revision version number. At the same time, we conducted a survey among university students who use an MCA, and collected 180 valid responses. A partial least square (PLS) method was employed to validate our research model. Among nine hypotheses developed, we found five were supported while four were not. In detail, the relationships between (1) perceived system quality and perceived usefulness, (2) perceived system quality and perceived intention to use, (3) perceived usefulness and perceived intention to use, (4) quality of device platform and actual IS usage, and (5) perceived intention to use and actual IS usage were found to be significant. In comparison, the relationships between (1) quality of device platform and perceived system quality, (2) quality of device platform and perceived usefulness, (3) quality of device platform and perceived intention to use, and (4) perceived system quality and actual IS usage were not significant. The results of the study reveal notable differences from those of previous studies. First, although perceived intention to use shows a positive effect on actual IS usage, its explanatory power is very weak ($R^2$=0.064). Second, fact-based system quality (quality of user's device platform) shows a direct impact on actual IS usage without the mediating role of intention to use. Lastly, the relationships between perceived system quality (perception-based system quality) and other constructs show completely different results from those between quality of device platform (fact-based system quality) and other constructs. In the post-hoc analysis, IS users' past behavior was additionally included in the research model to further investigate the cause of such a low explanatory power of actual IS usage. The results show that past IS usage has a strong positive effect on current IS usage while intention to use does not have, implying that IS usage has already become a habitual behavior. This study provides the following several implications. First, we verify that fact-based data (i.e., system logs of real usage records) are more likely to reflect IS users' actual usage than perception-based data. In addition, by identifying the direct impact of quality of device platform on actual IS usage (without any mediating roles of attitude or intention), this study triggers further research on other potential factors that may directly influence actual IS usage. Furthermore, the results of the study provide practical strategic implications that organizations equipped with high-quality systems may directly expect high level of system usage.