• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.340-348
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• 1997

The glaucoma, cataract and causing-blindness-diseases have high clinical importance by their severity of the symptoms and possibility of causing visual loss. Glaucoma is caused by an increase in the intraocular pressure, if severe enough, can cause field loss and eventually complete blindness. In cataract, the general clarity of vision is impaired due to a loss of transparency of the chrystalline lens of the eye. The causing-blindness-diseases can be divided to PokMaeng which cause sudden blindness and ChungMaeng, in which visual acuity is losed gradually. In glaucoma, cataract and causing-blindness-diseases, the visual acuity is affected and the patient may complain blurriness, fatigue of eye, visual field loss deficiency or scintillant feeling, vitreous floaters. In this study, 32 patients who have cataract, glaucoma or other causing-blindness-diseases was treated with oriental medicine or acupuncture from July, l996 to May. 1997, and was followed up by their symptoms and visual acuity. 1. In glaucoma patients, intraocular pressure decreased significantry and the symptoms improved positively. 2. In cataract patients, there was no improvement of visual acuity but $40\%$ of patients found their symptoms improved. 3. In causing-blindness-diseases, $57\%$ of patients reported improvement of their symptoms such as blurriness or fatigue of eye. 4. Through oriental medical treatment, the symptoms of glaucoma, cataract and causing-blindness-diseases can be treated effectively. Therefore oriental management seems to be possible to cure glaucoma, cataract and causing-blindness-diseases.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2002

Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide and are characterized by increased opacity of the lens that significantly diminishes visual acuity. It has been suggested that increased risk of lens opacities are associated with age, exposure to sunlight, diabetes, smoking, and poor nutrition. Antioxidant nutrients have born demonstrated to protect the lens membrane and protein against damage due to oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant system in the blood of cataract patients. The status of the blood antioxidant system was evaluated based on the levels of antioxidant vitamins and minerals as well as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (M7A) activity in 34 patients with cataracts (17 male and 17 female) and 45 control subjects (20 male and 25 female). After adjusting for age, the results showed significantly lower levels of antioxidant vitamins such as lycopene (M : p < 0.05, F: p < 0.01), zeaxanthin (F: p < 0.01), ${\gamma}$-tocopherol (F: p < 0.01) and ascorbic arid (M: p < 0.05) in the cataract patients than in the control subjects. In contrast, the concentration of cryptoxanthin (F : p < 0.07) showed a significantly higher value in the cataract patients. The serum level of the antioxidant mineral Zn (M : p < 0.01) was found to be significantly lower in the cataract patients while the ratio of cu/zn appeared significantly higher (M : p < 0.05). Significantly higher (M : p < 0.01, F: p < 0.05) concentrations of MDA in serum was found in the cataract patients as compared to the control subjects. GSH-Px activity was significantly lower (F: p < 0.05) in 71e cataract patients. In conclusion, the antioxidant system may play an important roll in cataract creation. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying these findings and to establish preventive measures with an emphasis on antioxidant nutrition for cataract patients.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.305-313
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to identify the effects of providing an information service program by media on preoperative anxiety and postoperative educational satisfaction in patients with cataract surgery. Methods: For this study 52 patients who visited the ophthalmology clinic at P Hospital in B metropolitan city and who were scheduled to undergo one-day cataract surgery under local anesthesia were recruited. The 52 patients were assigned to the experimental group (25) or the control group (27). This study was conducted from August 27, 2015 to May 29, 2016. Results: Following the provision of cataract surgery related information service by media, the experimental group had a lower mean score for anxiety and higher mean score for educational satisfaction compared to the control group of patients. Conclusion: Results indicate that information service program by media "Goodbye Cataract" is useful educational materials for cataract patients in outpatient department and outpatient operating rooms.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.12-21
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review previous literature with an aim to explore the sleep disturbance level after a patient undergoes cataract surgery using an integrative review. Methods: We used the key words, 'cataract surgery', 'sleep', and 'intraocular lens' to find peer-reviewed publications in seven databases. Among 450 searched articles, eight articles were selected after exclusion of articles that did not meet the criteria. Results: Five of the articles submitted that subjective sleep quality of the patients with blue-filtering intraocular lens (BF-IOL) implant improved as compared to that before surgery. The change of saliva melatonin concentration after BF-IOL implant did not coincide in two of the articles. Two of the articles reported an increased level of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells response after BF-IOL implantation. Conclusion: The published studies stated that BF-IOL implant did not have any negative impact on quality of sleep among cataract patients suffering with poor sleep. Rregardless of intraocular lens type, cataract surgery may increase photoreception of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells one year after surgery although the mechanism was not clear. It is necessary to identify various factors influencing the quality of sleep such as gender and activities among cataract patients with BF-IOL implant in the future.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.48-70
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to make an analysis of the impact of the DRG payment system on medical care pattern and cost of cataract surgery in a general hospital. The subjects were 173 patients whose DRG severity grade was zero, selected from among the hospitalized who underwent cataract surgery before and after the joining to the demonstrational operation of the third year DRG payment system. Their medical records and the details of their medical bills were examined to find out the length of hospital stay, medical care pattern provided to them, the cost of medical care, and the quality of medical care. The length of stay and the amount of medical care supplied during being in hospital dropped significantly for both single-eye and double-eyes cataract surgery groups. The amount of antibiotic use went down during the hospitalization and upon discharge from the hospital, but decreased after discharge. The total medical bills and the rate of basic examination implementation increased in the OPD before hospitalization but after discharge dropped. For double-eyes cataract patients, the rate of double-eyes cataract surgery went down. The total medical bills of DRG payment system converted into the fee-for-service system was greater by 113.3% for the single-eye cataract surgery group and by 102.9% for the doble-eyes cataract surgery group, compared to that by the fee-for-service. The contribution shared by the insurance corporation increased for both single-eye and double-eyes cataract surgery groups, but the copayment by the insured went down. Regarding the treatment outcome, no difference was found in complication rate, resurgery rate and mortality rate before and after the joining to the DRG payment system was implemented. The use of special lens lessened significantly. The amount of medical care supplied during hospitalization decreased but the complication rate didn't increase. But the increased use of low-price artificial cataract and the avoidance of double-eyes cataract surgery was observed. The phenomenon decreased number of OPD visit and the decreased total medical bills of OPD care after discharge in this hospital required further evaluation.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2013

목적: 40세 이상 한국 성인남녀에서 수정체의 혼탁 종류에 따른 백내장의 유형별 유병률을 산출하고 교정시력을 알아보았다. 방법: 제4기 국민건강영양조사(NHANES) 중 2009년 자료를 이용하여 인구 기반 단면 연구로 디자인하였다. 40세-95세까지 총 4,977명에 대해 연령과 성별에 따라 층화하여 백내장의 유병률과 수정체 혼탁의 종류에 따른 유병률을 조사하였다. 전체 대상자의 평균 연령은 $58.28{\pm}12.07$세 였고, 남자가 2,142명(43.0%), 여자가 2,835명(57.0%)이었다. 교정시력은 0.63 미만인 경우를 산출하였다. 결과: 전체대상자 4,977명 중에서 현재 백내장이 있는 경우는 40.6%(남자 17.5%, 여자 23.1%)로 나타났다. 백내장의 유형별 유병률은 핵형(56.3%), 피질형(23.4%), 혼합형(16.2%), 전낭하(3.0%), 후낭하(1.1%) 순으로 나타났다. 유형별 남녀의 차이는 없었고, 모든 연령대에서 핵형이 가장 많았다. 전낭하 백내장은 대부분의 경우에서 교정시력이 0.63 미만으로 낮았다. 결론: 핵형 백내장의 유병률이 가장 높았고, 수정체의 혼탁을 고려한 역학 연구와 예방 정책의 수립이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.423-432
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• 2018

본 연구는 국민건강영양조사 자료 중 안검진이 가장 처음 진행된 2012년 자료를 바탕으로 남성 1,332명 (환자 222명) 및 여성 2,012명 (환자 337명)에서 나타난 채소 및 과일류 섭취 종류와 수준이 백내장에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 남자 대상자의 낮은 TVF, TV, NSV, NSVF 섭취량은 백내장 위험을 약 1.4 ~ 1.7배 증가시키는 것으로 나타났으나, 여자 대상자에서는 식이섭취와 백내장 위험도의 사이에 의미있는 상관성이 관찰되지 않았다. 본 연구결과는 한국인 남성의 백내장 위험률 감소를 위해 충분한 채소와 과일을 섭취이 권장되며, 이를 위해 다양한 보건 영양 정책의 개발과 효과적 시행이 필요함을 시사한다.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.449-455
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• 2012

목적: 한국인을 대상으로 장년층과 노년층에서 남녀 각각 백내장 발병의 관련 요인을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여 40-95세까지 총 5,024명 (남자 2,163명, 여자 2,861명)을 대상으로 하였고, 남녀각각 연령에 따라 두 그룹으로 분류하였다(그룹 1: 40-64세, 그룹 2: 65-94세). 백내장은 적어도 한 눈에 수정체의 혼탁이 발견된 경우로 정의하였다. 남녀 각각 두 연령 그룹에서 당뇨, 고혈압, 고중성지방혈증, 실외 활동, 흡연과 음주 습관을 보정한 후에 비만과 사회경제적 요인으로 가구 소득수준과 최종학력을 기준으로 교육수준이 백내장의 발병에 영향을 미치는지 비차비 값을 구하였다. 결과: 소득수준과 교육수준은 남녀 모든 연령 그룹에서 백내장 발병과 강한 관련이 있었다. 모든 다른 요인들을 보정한 후에 최종 다중분석 모델에서 남자의 경우는 저 소득(그룹 1:OR, 1.84[1.17-2.91], 그룹 2: 3.47[2.53-4.74]), 저 학력(그룹 1: OR, 3.00[1.90-4.74], 그룹 2: 7.44[5.41-10.23])과 실외 활동시간(그룹 2: OR, 1.26[1.06-1.49]이 백내장의 발병 위험을 높였다. 여자의 경우에는 저 소득(그룹 1: OR,1.72[1.14-2.60], 그룹 2: 2.32[1.70-3.16]), 저 학력(그룹 1: OR, 4.48[2.72-7.38], 그룹 2: 29.99[20.31-44.28])과 비만(그룹 1: OR, 1.40[1.10-1.82], 그룹 2: 1.27[1.04-1.54])이 유의한 위험 요인이었다. 결론: 한국 성인 남녀에서 낮은 사회경제적 상태는 백내장의 위험 요인이었고, 특히 여성의 경우는 비만도 백내장과 관련이 있었다.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.103-108
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• 2009

목적: 백내장에 대사증후군 및 그 구성요소가 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 방법:2005, 2007년의 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여 대사증후군 및 구성요소와 백내장과의 관계를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는, 60세 이상의 성인 2,120 명을 대상으로 대사증후군 이상인자의 수(${\leq}$1, 2, 3, ${\geq}$4) 에 따른 백내장 발생의 위험도(Odds ratio: OR)를 살펴보고, 대사증후군 관련치료제가 백내장에 미치는 영향 또한 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석으로 분석하였다. 결과: 대사증후군의 구성요소를 하나도 가지지 않은 대상자를 기준으로 하고, 성, 연령, 생활습관변수 및 사회경제적 변수를 보정했을 때 보유하고 있는 대사증후군의 구성요소가 늘어날수록 백내장의 위험도는 더욱 커지는 경향을 보였다(p for trend < 0.0001). 또한, 대사증후군 요소 중 혈압(OR(95% Confidence Interval): 1.32(1.05,1.65))과 공복혈당(1.35(1.09,1.67))에 이상이 있는 경우는 성과 연령을 보정한 후에도 백내장의 위험을 유의하게 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 그 중 공복혈당장애의 경우는 앞서 보정한 변수에 사회경제적 변수를 함께 보정하여도 백내장 발생에 유의미한 위험도(1.35(1.09,1.67))를 나타내었다. 대사증후군이 있는 경우에도 동일한 보정 후에 백내장에 대한 유의한 위험도(1.26(1.01,1.58))를 보였다. 마지막으로 높은 혈압이 있는 대상자들을 대상으로 시행된 분석에서, 고혈압 치료제의 경우 백내장의 위험도(1.49(1.14,1.96))를 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 대사증후군 및 그 구성요소는 백내장 발생의 위험을 높이는 것으로 확인되었고, 고혈압 치료제의 경우도 백내장의 위험도를 높이는 것으로 추정된다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.127-139
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• 2002

This study was carried out to prove the therapeutic effects of BNJB on the catract. The objects of this study were CXSD mice that spontaneously eye rupture occurred from three weeks after birth and eventually generate cataract within 12 weeks. We applied eyewash made from BNJB to eyes of CXSD mice twice in a day till all the eyes of the negative control showed up the symptoms of a cataract and recorded the increasing patterns of cataractous eyes. To explained the therapeutic effects of the BNJB, We carried out the ex vivo experiment which cultivating eyeballs were offered oxidative stress condition by $0.03{\%}$ $H_2O_2$ during three days. Total co-enzyme was extracted from the cultured eyeballs and used to measure activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathion S-transferase and content of GSH. The results were obtained as follows: 1. When we treated the catalin to CXSD mouse as a positive control, it represented the delaying effect for cataract generation for 2-3 days compare with negative control. But it seems that it doesn't appropriate as a therapeutic, or delaying agent. 2. In the experimental BNJB group, Cataract formation rate was dramatically reduced by BNJB. This rate was much lower than positive group and means our new formulation for the therapy of cataract has a good potential. 3. In the analysis of individual medicines of BNJB, Mok-Jeok-Cho, Hwang-Lyun and Ha-Go-Cho didn't have a major effect of BNJB. 4. The cataract formation rate was repressed by Bing-Pyun and Jin- Joo-Boon about $40{\%}$ and $50{\%}$, respectively. We can presume that the anti-cataract effect of BNJB was caused by these two medicines. 5. When we surveyed the anti-oxidant activities of BNJB, enzyme activities of GSH, SOD, and Catalase increased about $10{\%},\30{\%}$, and 2.5 folds, respectively.