• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.236-239
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• 2002

The goal of this study was to evaluate the antidiarrheal efficacy of $Lacteol^{TM}$-loperamide combination against the mouse model of secretory diarrhea. Secretory dirrhea was induced in mice by p.o. administration of castor oil (0.3 ml). Antidirrheal effects of $Lacteol^{TM}$-loperamide combination were compared with each individual component. $Lacteol^{TM}$-loperamide combination was the most potent among these agents, eliminating diarrhea in 100% of mice at a dose 1360/4 mg/kg (Lacteol/loperamide, respectively). In this study, we also measured changes of bodyweight as another indicator of the dirrhea, based on the assumption that lower bodyweight loss represented reduced fecal passage. The bodyweight loss of $Lacteol^{TM}$-loperamide combination administered group was 4 times lower than that of vehicle control. These findings indicate that $Lacteol^{TM}$-loperamide combination may be more potent than individual component in its antidiarrheal action, so we are going to challenge this combination for further study and clinical evaluation.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.33-38
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• 2022

In this study, we report on the synthesis and properties of eco-friendly waterborne polyurethane (WPU) according to bio-polyol contents. It was successfully synthesized by the different polyester polyol (DT-1040) and castor oil based polyol (COP) ratios. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the synthesized bio polyol based waterborne polyurethane was around -70 ℃ and -30 ℃, and it was confirmed that the Tg range was widened as the COP content increased. In addition, as the COP content increased, the tensile strength decreased, and optimum adhesive strength showed when DT-1040:COP ratio was 7:3.

• Carbon letters
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.210-217
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• 2013

The synthesis of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) by a chemical vapor deposition method using three different plant oils as precursors is presented. Because there are four parameters involved in the synthesis of CNM (i.e., the precursor, reaction temperature of the furnace, catalysts, and the carrier gas), each having three variables, it was decided to use the Taguchi optimization method with the 'the larger the better' concept. The best parameter regarding the yield of carbon varied for each type of precursor oil. It was a temperature of $900^{\circ}C$ + Ni as a catalyst for neem oil; $700^{\circ}C$ + Co for karanja oil and $500^{\circ}C$ + Zn as a catalyst for castor oil. The morphology of the nanocarbon produced was also impacted by different parameters. Neem oil and castor oil produced carbon nanotube (CNT) at $900^{\circ}C$; at lower temperatures, sphere-like structures developed. In contrast, karanja oil produced CNTs at all the assessed temperatures. X-ray diffraction and Raman diffraction analyses confirmed that the nanocarbon (both carbon nano beads and CNTs) produced were graphitic in nature.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.348-358
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• 2008

Objective : The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the anti-diarrhea effects of Jisa-tang using mice and guinea pigs. Methods : We feed Jisa-tang to mice and guinea pigs to investigate its effects for anti-diarrhea action. We observed its actions on gastrointestinal smooth muscles, on the transportability of small and large intestines, on diarrhea induced by castor oil and magnesium sulfate, and on enteropooling by castor oil and prostaglandin $E_2(PGE_2)$. Results : 1. Jisa-tang showed alleviation, depending on the density, only on the contraction of mice's gastrointestinal smooth muscles induced by histamine. 2. The transportability of the small intestine was not significantly constrained by Jisa-tang. However, the enhancement of pyridostigmine-induced transportability of he small intestine was significantly constrained in the group administered 900mg/kg of Jisa-tang (p<0.05). 3. The transportability of large intestine was significantly constrained in the group administered 1,800mg/kg of Jisa-tang. 4. Jisa-tang showed significant anti-diarrhea effects on diarrhea induced by castor oil and by $MgSO_4$ in the group administered 1,800mg/kg of Jisa-tang. 5. Significant reduction of effects of enteropooling induced by caster oil and by prostaglandin $E_2$ were observed only in the group administered 1,800mg/kg of Jisa-tang. Conclusions : We conclude that Jisa-tang has advantageous effects on drug-induced diarrhea and will contribute to the development of diarrhea treatment through further related studies.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.165-169
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• 2016

The quantitative analytical method for the bioactive substance, 3-cyano-4-methoxy-N-methyl-2-pyridone (ricinine) and an index compound, ricinoleic acid in castor plant (Ricinus communis) extract or oil was developed. For the determination of a pyridone alkaloid compound, ricinine, successive cartridge cleanup method combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography was set up with $ENVI-Carb^{TM}$ (0.5 g) and $C_{18}$ SPE cartridges. Accuracy and precision were evaluated through fortification studies of one biopesticide (PE) at 10 and $100mg\;kg^{-1}$. Mean recoveries of ricinine were 98.7 and 96.0 % associated with less than 10 % RSD, respectively. For the determination of ricinoleic acid in castor extract and oil, saponification and methylation were optimized using gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry. Recovery was more than 84.8 % associated with 6.2 % RSD after derivatization procedure. Both methodologies developed were applied to analyze real samples including three castor oil products and six commercially available biopesticides containing R. communis, collected at Korean market. The contents of ricinine and ricinoleic acid in most commercial biopesticides were less than the oil or extract contents indicated by label.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.242-246
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• 1976

These experiment were conducted to investigate the characteristics of the purified lipase of Rhizopus japonicus. 1. The optimum pH for the lipase action was 6.8, the stable pH ranged $5.0{\sim}8.0$ and the optimum temperature was $35^{\circ}C$. The Purified lipase was stable below $45^{\circ}C$ and inactivated abruptly above $45^{\circ}C$ 2. Coconutoil castor oil and palm oil were most favorably hydrolyzed by the purified lipase, wheres olive oil and soybean oil were slightly less than the former three, and Tween 80 was hydrolyzed only 30% compared with coconut oil. 3. The purified lipase was activated by $Ca^{++}$ and $Mg^{++}$, whereas it was inhibited by $Hg^{++}$ and $Fe^{++}$.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.322-327
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• 2008

In this study, a multi-layered pellet was composed of a seed layer including a water-swellable agent and a drug layer containing doxazosin as a model drug, a porous membrane and a castor oil layer to control drug release. The pellet is prepared by a fluidized bed coating method. To confirm drug release from polymer blending in multi-layered pellet system, it is prepared by containing different ratio such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) : ethyl cellulose (EC) in drug layer and cellulose acetate(CA) : Eudragit RS in membrane. Also, to confirm the effect of oil in drug release, castor oil is coated. As a result, we observed regularly spherical pellet with diameter of $1500{\mu}m$. Release pattern of drug is confirmed by dissolution tester in aqueous media. The more the ratio of EC in drug layer, CA in membrane, and castor oil layer in pellet, the less the drug release is observed. Formation and the amount of pores in membrane is observed by SEM.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.187-191
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• 2008

Trema orientalis Linn. is commonly grown in many parts of Bangladesh. Its leaves have been used for analgesic and anti-diarrhoeal activity in traditional medicine. This study evaluates the potential analgesic and anti-diarrhoeal activity of methanol and aqueous extracts of leaves in experimental acetic acid induced writhing and castor oil induced diarrhoea in mice. The aqueous extract of leaves showed significant (P < 0.001) analgesic effect in acetic acid induced writhing in mice at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight In castor oil induced antidiarrhoeal screening both extract increased latent period (P < 0.025) and decrease the number of stool (P < 0.025) at the dose of 500 mg/kg body weight comparable with that of the standard drug loperamide. The results provide a support for the use of this plant in traditional medicine and suggest its further investigation.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.372-376
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• 2003

Water-soluble cutting fluids are used for processing of aluminium materials. This short article describes properties of new additives of water-soluble cutting fluids for aluminium materials. Various Diels-Alder adducts of unsaturated fatty acids with acrylic acid of maleic anhydride were prepared by thermal reactions. Triethanolamine salts of Diels-Alder adducts of dehydrated castor oil fatty acids with acrylic acid or maleic anhydride showed excellent anti-corrosion property of aluminium materals. These thermal adducts showed anti-rust property for cast-iron chips, too.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.217-229
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• 2007

Objectives : The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the effects of Bojangjisa-tang on anticatharsis by using mice and Guinea pigs. Methods : We observed the actions on gastrointestinal smooth muscles, on the transportability of small and large intestines and on diarrhea induced by castor oil, philocarpine, and barium chloride. Results : Bojangjisa-tang showed alleviation of the contraction of gastrointestinal smooth muscles induced by acetylcholine chloride and barium chloride. The transportability of the large intestine was constrained by Bojangjisa-tang, which also showed substantial anti-cathartic effects on diarrhea induced by castor oil, philocarpine and barium chloride. Conclusion : These results demostrate that Bojangjisa-tang has advantageous effects on drug-induced diarrhea and will contribute to the development of diarrhea treatment through further related studies.