• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.327-335
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• 2006

Case Based Reasoning (CBR) has come to be considered as an appropriate technique for diagnosis, prognosis and prescription in medicine. However, canventional CBR has a limitation in that it cannot incorporate asymmetric misclassification cast. It assumes that the cast of type1 error and type2 error are the same, so it cannot be modified according ta the error cast of each type. This problem provides major disincentive to apply conventional CBR ta many real world cases that have different casts associated with different types of error. Medical diagnosis is an important example. In this paper we suggest the new knowledge extraction technique called Cast-Sensitive Case Based Reasoning (CSCBR) that can incorporate unequal misclassification cast. The main idea involves a dynamic adaptation of the optimal classification boundary paint and the number of neighbors that minimize the tatol misclassification cast according ta the error casts. Our technique uses a genetic algorithm (GA) for finding these two feature vectors of CSCBR. We apply this new method ta diabetes datasets and compare the results with those of the cast-sensitive methods, C5.0 and CART. The results of this paper shaw that the proposed technique outperforms other methods and overcomes the limitation of conventional CBR.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.239-247
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• 1983

CV graphite cast iron has been studied and generally known to have properties close to the average values of those between flake and spheroidal graphite cast iron. However, the thermal diffusivity of CV graphite cast iron is much larger than that of the average value of those between flake and spheroidal graphite cast iron. In this study, an easy production method of CV graphite cast iron with small additions of a Al-Cu which is known as the element of the graphitization was investigated. The effects of hold time and of Al-Cu additions after the treatments with spheroidizer (Fe-Si-Mg alloy) were also investigated. Increasing the additions of a Al-Cu alloy, the holding time to form a CV graphite cast iron was decreasing. Tensile strength and thermal diffusivity (flash method) were measured in order to find the changes of the mechanical properties and the physical properties. Spheroidal, CV, and flake graphite cast iron have tensile strengths 46.44, 38.29, and $27.29\;kg/mm^2$ and thermal diffusivities $3.95{\times}10^{-6,}$ $8.41{\times}10^{-6}$, $8.81{\times}10^{-6}m^2/sec$, respectively at room temperature.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.127-136
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• 2001

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of supplementing phosphorus to Korean cow manure on the growth and cast production of earthworm(Eisenia Foetida), and to estimate the optimal phosphorus level for the growth and cast production of earthworm and ratios of available phosphorus and calcium content of cast in optimal phosphorus levels. Phosphorus supplementing ratios to Korean native cow were 0, 1%, 2%, 4% and 8A%, respectively. The volume of raising box was 3375cm$^3$(15$\times$15$\times$15cm), and 500g of cow manure filled up to 10cm layer. Raising density was 90㎤ per worm during the experimental period(60 days). The maximum fresh weight and cast production of earthworm were obtained at 2~4% and 1% levels of phosphorus supplementation to Korea native cow manure. The total phosphorus and available phosphorus contents of earthworm tissues were not significant among in all treatments. There was a positive significantly differences between total phosphorus and available phosphorus of cast and residual matters. Available phosphorus content of cast were ranged from 9.3mg/g to 17.3mg/g at 1~4% levels of phosphorus supplementation. Ratios of available phosphorus and calcium contents of cast were 1.94~3.15:1 and 0.87~1.33:1 at 2~4% and 0~1% levels of phosphorus supplementation.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.358-374
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• 1999

This study measured the relative displacements of the five-unit fixed partial dentures as cast with the same fixed partial dentures sectioned and assembled by investment-soldering, solder-ing stand-soldering, and cast-joining techniques A total of fifteen specimens using a type IV gold alloy were one-piece cast as control and then sectioned and assembled five test specimens for each method were prepared. A computerized three dimensional coordinate measuring machine and specially designed cylinder for this study were used. Displacement was defined by six displacement variables for the each of cylinders incorporated in each casting: three component displacements(${\Delta}Lx,\;{\Delta}Ly,\;and\;{\Delta}Lz$) and rotational displacements(${\Delta}{\theta}x,\;{\Delta}{\theta}y,\;{\Delta}{\theta}z$). The global displacement was computed using the mathematical formula ${\Delta}R$ = Global displacement =$\sqrt{{(x'-x)}^2+{(y'-y)}^2+{(z'-z)}^2}$ Under the conditions of this study, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. The investment-soldering group showed the largest mean value of final global displacements, followed by stand-soldering group, cast-joining group and one-piece cast group. However, between the mean values of final global displacement for the cast-joining group and one-piece cast group, there was no significant difference. 2. For investment-soldering and stand-soldering groups, the greater global displacements were recorded in soldering phase than in indexing or investing phase. 3. For one-piece cast group, the displacements occured mostly in the casting phase. And for cast-joining group, there was no significant difference in global displacements among the fabricating procedures. 4. Intercentroidal distance decreased in framework-patterning, solder-indexing, solder-standing, and soldering phases, but increased in investment block-investing and casting phases. 5 Specially designed cylinder for touch-trigger type coordinate measuring machine was validated.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.1085-1089
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• 2006

The objectives of this study were to confirm a location of the calpastatin (CAST) gene in chromosome 2 and to detect associations of genetic variations with economic traits in the porcine CAST gene as a candidate gene for growth and meat quality traits in pigs. Calpastatin is a specific endogenous inhibitor of calpains. The calpain protease system is ubiquitous, and is involved in numerous growth and metabolic processes. Three single nucleotide variations were identified within a 1.6 kb fragment of the porcine CAST gene and these polymorphisms were used for genetic linkage mapping. Linkage and QTL mapping were performed with the National Livestock Research Institute (NLRI) reference families using eight microsatellites and SNP makers in the CAST gene. The porcine CAST gene was mapped adjacent to the markers, SW395 and SW1695 on SSC2 with LOD scores of 15.32 and 8.50, respectively. According to the QTL mapping, a significant association was detected at 82 cM between SW395 and CAST-Hinf I for weight at the age of 30 weeks. In addition, an association study was performed with the $F_2$ animals of NLRI reference families for Hinf I, Msp I and Rsa I polymorphisms in the CAST gene. Two polymorphisms, CAST-Rsa I and CAST-Hinf I, showed significant correlation for growth traits at p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.41-47
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• 1999

The scale of dendritic structure of a cast preform plays a key role in determining the mechanical properties of cast/forged products. In this study, casting experiments are carried out to reduce dendrite arm spacing (DAS) to smaller than 20 ${\mu}$m by increasing cooling rate of the mold and then to spheriodize dendritic structures by addition of alloying elements such as Zr and Ti-B. From the casting experiments, appropriate casting conditions for producing the cast preform of a motorcycle connecting rod are obtained. To obtain fine microstructures of the cast preform, mold temperature must set to be low whilst cooling rate being high. When cooling rate is 10 $^{\circ}C$/s, the size of DAS is 17.4 ${\mu}$m. And the degree of spheriodization of a grain in the cast preform is described by aspect ratio, which is defined as the ratio of major and minor radii of an elliptical grain. When 0.5% Zr and 0.24 % Ti+B are added to the molten aluminum alloy, the best aspect-ratio 0.75 is obtained. After forging the cast preform of a motorcycle connecting rod, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the cast preform are compared with those of the cast/forged product. Cast/forged products are superior in microstructure and in mechanical properties such as ultimate strength, elongation, and hardness.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.1498-1504
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• 2010

A number of studies have shown that the calpain system is important in normal skeletal muscle growth. An increased rate of skeletal muscle growth can result from a decreased rate of muscle protein degradation, and this is associated with a decrease in activity of the calpain system, due principally to a large increase in calpastatin (CAST) activity. The CAST gene, mapped to BTA 7, is considered a candidate gene for beef tenderness and muscle growth. The present study used comparative sequencing of five novel polymorphisms located within exon 20 and 22 of the bovine CAST gene in Hanwoo: exon20- 109737G/A, 109749T/C, 109823T/C, exon22- 116151G/A, intron- 109926G/A. The association of the CAST SNPs with economic traits was studied. The 109926G/A showed a significant effect only on the longissimus muscle area (LMA, p<0.05) in Hanwoo. 109926G/A with the genotype GG had a significantly higher effect on LMA (75.35) than the genotype AA (69.6, p<0.05). Also, the 116151G/A showed a significant effect only on weight at 18 months (W18, p<0.05). 116151G/A with the genotype GG had a significantly higher effect on W18 (428.54) than the genotype AA (408.87, p<0.05).

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.154-165
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• 1997

Abrasive wear characteristics of high Cr white cast iron-based hardfacing were investigated using the rubber wheel abrasion wear test method according with the ASTM G65-85. Mild steel was also tested for comparison with high Cr cast iron hardfacing. Wear experiments, where the applied force, wheel revolution rate and abrasive powder feed rate were selected as test valuables, were planned and analyzed by response surface method to evaluate wear statistically and quantitatively. Weight loss of high Cr cast iron hardfacing was mostly affected by the applied force and wheel revolution rate, and little by the powder feed rate. Weight loss of mild steel was greatly affected by the wheel revolution rate and powder feed rate, and slowly and steadily increased with the applied force. Abrasive wear mechanism of high Cr cast iron and mild steel was discussed in the light of the wear test results.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.41-47
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• 1998

The purpose of this research is evaluation of adsorption capacity of the cast for TCE comparing with the yellow clay. Furthermore, the experimental data was fitted with the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm and was found to be apllicable to the adsorption isotherm equation. The soil bed reactor used in this study was made of glass(10 cm in diameter, 100 cm in depth). The cast and yellow clay used as adsorbents were screened with 8-20 mesh mecanically. Results from Equilibrium test with adsorbents showed that the equibrium time of the cast and yellow clay was 9min independent of the amount of the adsorbents. The adsorption efficiencys of the cast and yellow clay for TCE was 66.3% and 56.2%, respectively. In the application of Freundlich isotherm, 1/n of the cast and yellow clay were 0.786 and 0.704, respectively. These results showed that the cast was more available than the yellow clay as TCE adsorbent. The best adsorption capacity was showed at 0% moisture content, 70 ppm inlet concentration and 25$^{\circ}$C temperature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.139-142
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• 2003

In this study, casting/forging process was used to produce an aluminum lower control arm for automobiles. Firstly, casting experiments were carried out to get an enhanced preform for forging the lower control arm. In the casting experiment, the effect of an additive, Sr, on the mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation and the microstructure of a cast preform were investigated. And a finite element analysis was peformed to determine an optimal configuration of the cast preform. Lastly, a forging experiment was carried out to make the final product of aluminum lower control arm by using the above cast preform. In the casting experiments, when 0.025% Sr was added into molten A356, the maximum values of tensile strength and elongation of the cast preform were obtained. In the forging experiment, It was confirmed that the optimal configuration of a cast preform predicted by FE analysis was very useful. The cast/forged product using designed preform was made without any defects.