• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1034-1040
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• 2022

Fas-associated death domain (FADD) is an adapter molecule that bridges the interaction between receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) and aspartate-specific cysteine protease-8 (caspase-8). As the primary mediator of apoptotic cell death, caspase-8 has two N-terminal death-effector domains (DEDs) and it interacts with other proteins in the DED subfamily through several conserved residues. In the tumor necrosis receptor-1 (TNFR-1)-dependent signaling pathway, apoptosis is triggered by the caspase-8/FADD complex by stimulating receptor internalization. However, the molecular mechanism of complex formation by the DED proteins remains poorly understood. Here, we found that direct DED-DED interaction between FADD and caspase-8 and the structure-based mutations (Y8D/I128A, E12A/I128A, E12R/I128A, K39A/I128A, K39D/I128A, F122A/I128A, and L123A/I128A) of caspase-8 disrupted formation of the stable DED complex with FADD. Moreover, the monomeric crystal structure of the caspase-8 DEDs (F122A/I128A) was solved at 1.7 Å. This study will provide new insight into the interaction mechanism and structural characteristics between FADD and caspase-8 DED subfamily proteins.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.718-722
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• 2014

The cerebellum is known to control balance, equilibrium, and muscle tone. If the cerebellum becomes damaged, the body is unable to retain its balancing functions or involuntary muscle movement. This is why, in stroke patients, there is a high risk of functional disability, as well as a myriad of other disabilities secondary to stroke. Ischemia was induced in SD mice by occluding the common carotid artery for 5 minutes, after which blood was reperfused. Needle electrode electrical stimulation(NEES) was applied to acupuncture points, at 12, 24, and 48 hours post-ischemia on the joksamri. Protein expression was investigated through caspase-3 antibody immuno-reactive cells in the cerebral nerve cells and Western blotting. The results were as follows: The number of caspase-3 reactive cells in the corpus cerebellum 12 and 24 hours post-ischemia was significantly (p<.05) smaller in the NEES group compared to the GI group. caspase-3 expression 12 and 24 hours post-ischemia was significantly(p<.05) smaller in the NEES group compared to the GI group. Based on these results, NEES seems to have a significant effect on Caspase-3 in the cerebellum in an ischemic state at 12 and 24 hours post ischemia, NEES delays the occurrence of early stage apoptosis-inducing Caspase-3, delaying and inhibiting apoptosis. Further systematic studies will have to be conducted in relation to the application of this study's results on stroke patients.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.661-666
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 선형가속기(LINAC)로 3 Gy의 방사선이 1회 전신조사된 마우스의 소장과 간 조직을 통해서 방사선피폭 후 세포를 보호하기 위해 생성되는 caspase (caspase 3 & caspase 9)와 NO (nitric oxide) 그리고 사이토카인(cytokine) 중 IL-6과 TNF-${\alpha}$ 등에 대해 알아보았고, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, caspase 3 & caspase 9는 소장과 간 조직 모두 정상대조군보다 방사선조사군에서 두드러진 증가를 보였다(P<0.001). 둘째, NO (nitric oxide)는 소장과 간 조직 모두 정상대조군보다 방사선조사군에서 두드러진 증가를 보였다(P<0.001). 셋째, Cytokine 중 하나인 IL-6과 TNF-${\alpha}$는 소장과 간 조직 모두 정상대조군보다 방사선조사군에서 두드러진 증가를 보였다(P<0.001).

• 생명과학회지
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.1340-1348
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• 2017

Sanguinarine은 다양한 목적으로 사용되고 있는 Sanguinaria canadensis L.의 뿌리에서 유래된 benzophenanthridine alkaloid 계열 물질중의 하나이다. 그동안 sanguinarine의 다양한 약리학적인 효능이 알려져 왔고, 항암활성에 대한 연구도 여러 암세포들을 대상으로 수행되어 왔다. 그러나 sanguinarine에 의한 암세포의 apoptosis 유도에 대한 현상은 여전히 많은 부분에서 연구의 대상으로 남아 있다. 본 연구는 Hep3B 인체 간암세포를 대상으로 sanguinarine의 항암활성에 대한 추가적인 자료를 제시하기 위하여 수행되었다. 본 논문의 결과에 의하면, sanguinarine은 처리 농도 의존적으로 Hep3B 세포의 증식을 억제하였으며, 이는 apoptosis 유도와 연관성이 있었다. Sanguinarine은 두 가지 apoptosis 경로인 extrinsic 및 intrinsic 경로의 개시 initiator caspase인 caspase-8 및 caspase-9 뿐만 아니라 대표적인 effector caspase인 caspase-3의 활성을 증가시켰고, caspase-3의 기질인 PARP의 분절을 유발하였다. 아울러 sanguinarine은 DR-related 유전자들의 발현을 부분적으로 증가시켰으며, Bcl-2 family에 속하는 pro-apoptotic Bax의 발현을 증가시킨 반면, anti-apoptotic Bcl-2의 발현은 억제시켰다. 또한 sanguinarine은 Bid의 truncation을 촉진하였고, MMP의 소실에 따른 cytochrome c를 미토콘드리아에서 세포질로의 이동을 증가시켰다. 그리고 sanguinarine에 의한 apoptosis 유도 및 세포 증식율 억제 현상이 caspase의 활성을 인위적으로 억제하였을 경우, 모두 사라졌다. 따라서 sanguinarine에 의하여 유도하는 Hep3B 세포의 apoptosis 유발에는 caspase 의존적으로 extrinsic 및 intrinsic 경로가 모두 관여하고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.447-456
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• 2008

배경: 인체에서 세포증식과 세포자멸사(apoptosis)과정에서의 불균형은 악성 종양의 발생과 그 예후에 중요하게 작용한다. 본 연구는 세포자멸사에 관계하는 세포내 신호전달 경로에 중요하게 작용하는 cysteine protease의 일종인 caspase-3 단백과 많은 종류의 암에서 세포분열 혹은 세포자멸사 모두에 관여하는 것으로 알려진 c-myc oncogene 단백의 발현과 폐암과의 연관성을 관찰하고, 완전 절제된 원발성 비소세포 폐암 환자에서 caspase-3와 c-myc 단백의 발현과 임상적인 예후 인자로서의 의의를 알아보고자 했다. 대상 및 방법: 1996년 5월부터 2003년 12월까지 원발성 비소세포 폐암으로 수술 전 항암화학요법이나 방사선 요법을 시행 받은 환자를 제외하고, 완전 절제술을 시행 받은 총 130명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 추적 조사 기간은 중앙값 50개월($3{\sim}128$개월)로 연구시점에서 수술후 최소 3년 이상 경과 된 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 폐암조직에서 caspase-3과 c-myc 단백의 발현은 면역조직화학적으로 염색하여 관찰하고 환자의 임상 및 병리 정보를 후향적으로 조사 비교하였다. 결과: Caspase-3와 c-myc 단백의 발현율은 각각 68% (88/130)과 59% (77/130)으로 caspase-3와 c-myc 단백의 발현율 사이에 유의한 상관 관계가 있었다(p=0.025). Caspase-3와 c-myc 단백의 발현 여부가 전체 수술 환자와의 생존율과의 관계에 유의한 차이는 없었지만, IIIa군 환자에서 caspase-3 단백의 발현과 생존율 간에 유의한 차이를 보였다(중앙생존기간 35 vs. 10개월, p=0.021). 다변량 분석에 의한 예후인자로 전체 대상환자에서 병리조직학적인 병기(p=0.024), IIIa군 환자에서 caspase-3 단백발현(p=0.005), 암세포 분화도가 좋은 경우(p=0.003), 그리고 암세포가 현미경학적으로 신경침습이 얼는 경우(p=0.004)에 좋은 예후를 보였다. 걸론: 비소세포 폐암에서 caspase-3와 c-myc 단백은 비교적 흔히 발현하고 폐암발생 과정에 관여하는 것으로 추정되며, 완전 절제된 진행성 병기(IIIa군)의 폐암 환자에서 면역조직화학염색법을 이용한 caspase-3 단백의 발현은 양호한 예후를 나타내는 임상적인 예후의 지표가 될 수 있다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.1003-1010
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• 2002

Caspase 3, a member of cysteine protease family, is well known as a major apoptosis effector and is involved in cell death as a result of ischemic diseases such as stroke and myocardial infarction, therefore the inhibition of caspase 3 may protect those apoptotic cell damages. During the high-throughput screening of the compounds from the Korea Chemical Bank, berberine derivatives (A and B), an isoquinoline alkaloid, have been identified as potential inhibitors for caspase 3. Based on this finding we carried out molecular modeling study to identify the pharmacophoric elements of berberine structure which interact with a substrate-recognition binding site of caspase 3 and came up with several novel scaffolds. In this report, we will discuss the molecular modeling, syntheses and the enzyme inhibitory activities of these novel compounds.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.114-117
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• 2002

연교의 메탄올 추출물로부터 caspase 저해물질을 분리하였으며, ESI-MS, $^1H-NMR$, $^13C-NMR$, DEPT 등의 기기분석 자료에 의하여 rengyolone으로 동정하였다. 이 물질은 $IC_{50}\;6.25\;{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 etoposide가 처리된 U937 세포주의 caspase-3 유도 저해를 나타내었다. 또한 rengyolone은 $Interleukin-1{\beta}$가 처리된 D10S 세포에서 caspase-1의 유도저해활성을 나타내었으며, $IC_{50}$값은 $7.5\;{\mu}g/mL$이었다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.183-187
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• 2012

Adult stem cell transplantation has been increased every year, because of the lack of organ donors for regenerative medicine. Therefore, development of reliable and safety cryopreservation and bio-baking method for stem cell therapy is urgently needed. The present study investigated safety of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) such as common cryoprotectant on porcine bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (pBM-MSCs) by evaluating the activation of Caspase-3 and -7, apoptosis related important signal pathway. pBM-MSCs used for the present study were isolated density gradient method by Ficoll-Paque Plus and cultured in A-DMEM supplemented 10% FBS at $38.5^{\circ}C$ in 5% $CO_2$ incubator. pBM-MSCs were cryopreserved in A-DMEM supplemented either with 5%, 10% or 20% DMSO by cooling rate at $-1^{\circ}C$/min in a Kryo 360 (planner 300, Middlesex, UK) and kept into $LN_2$. Survival rate of cells after thawing did not differ between 5% and 10% DMSO but was lowest in 20% DMSO by 0.4% trypan blue exclusion. Activation of Caspase-3 and -7 by Vybrant FAM Caspase-3 and -7 Assay Assay Kit (Molecular probes, Inc.OR, USA) was analyzed with a flow cytometer. Both of cryopreserved and control groups (fresh pBM-MSCs) were observed after the activation of Caspase-3 and -7. The activation did not differ between 5% and 10% DMSO, but was observed highest in 20% DMSO. Therefore 5% DMSO can be possibly used for cell cryopreservation instead of 10% DMSO.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.295-301
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• 2012

Interdigital tissue regression is one of the most well-known examples of embryonic programmed cell death, providing the mechanism behind separation of developing digits. Caspases have been shown to play a key part in this process, with activated caspase-3 localized between the developing digits. In caspase-3 knock-out adult mice, however, the digits are completely separated with no webbing. In other mutants with defects in the apoptotic machinery, such as Apaf1 deficient mice, interdigital tissue regression is initially inhibited but the webbing eventually disappears as alternative/additional cell death mechanisms step in. In order to investigate whether a similar temporal effect occurs after loss of caspase-3, we have used an in vitro approach to inhibit caspase-3 at specific times during digit separation. Previous limb explant culture approaches have encountered problems with proper limb development in culture, and thus a modified technique was used. The new approach enables detailed observation of the effects of caspase-3 inhibition on interdigital regression. Using these methods, we show that caspase-3 inhibition caused a delay in the loss of interdigital tissue compared with control explants, similar to that observed in Apaf1 mutant mice. Along with immunohistochemistry, active caspase-3 positive cells of the interdigital vs. digital regions were measured by flow cytometry. Notably, activated caspase-3 in vivo was found not only in the interdigital mesenchyme but also in the TUNEL negative digit region, supporting a role for caspase-3 in nonapoptotic events.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2020

Excessive drinking of alcohol is known to be one of the main causes of various neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Scopoletin is known to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties, and to protect nerve cells. This study examined whether scopoletin inhibits the alcohol-induced apoptosis of primary hippocampal neurons, and how scopoletin regulates several factors associated with the caspase-mediated pathway. To achieve this, the cell viability and apoptosis rate of primary hippocampal neurons were measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. Apoptosis-related protein expressions (Bax, Bid, caspase-3, caspase-9, and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)) were analyzed by Western blotting, and the ANOVA method was used to confirm the significance of the measured results. As a result, scopoletin inhibited the expressions of alcohol-induced apoptosis and apoptosis-related proteins in primary hippocampal neurons. These results suggest that down-regulation of Bid, Bax, and cleaved caspase-9 expression induced by scopoletin down-regulates the expression of cleaved caspase-3, inhibits the expression of cleaved PARP, and finally, inhibits mitochondrial apoptotic pathways. The study suggests that scopoletin is worth developing as a candidate for neuroprotective agent.