• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2002

This paper discusses so called the non-DP subject constructions in English. In general, a subject is a DP that bears Nominative case and that occupies 〔Spec, IP〕. However, in some examples under investigation, it looks as if non-DP categories such as Prepositional Phrases(PP), Adjectival Phrases(AP), Adverbial Phrases (AdvP), Small Clauses (PreP or SC), and VP occupy the canonical subject position, 〔Spec, IP〕. Under the framework of Chomsky's (1993, 1995) along with his previous works (Chomsky 1981, 1986), the Case Checking mechanism undoubtedly assumes that only DPs can have Case Therefore, the Case Checking/Agree mechanism is stated such that the strong uninterpretable feature, in this case Case feature (D or NP) feature must be checked off in a certain manner. Therefore, any phrasal categories other than DPs are not included in the considerations. Nonetheless, there are many instances of non-DP categories in English that occupy the seemingly canonical subject position, 〔spec, IP〕. In this paper, it is proposed that the actual position of these non-DP subjects in English is not in Spec of IP. Rather, they occupy 〔Spec, TopP〕 under CP in the sense of Lasnik & Stowell (1991), Rizzi (1997), and Haegeman & Gueron (1999). In its effect, therefore, this paper extends the idea of Stowell (1981) who argues that the clausal subjects in English is not in 〔Spec, IP〕, but in 〔Spec, TopP〕. We further argue that Stowell's version of Case Resistance Principle must be extended in order to accomodate many more occurrences of so called non-DP subjects.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.121-133
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• 2007

To gain understanding of the applicability of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) cable in cable-supported bridges, based on the Runyang Bridge and Jinsha Bridge, a suspension bridge using CFRP cables and a cable-stayed bridge using CFRP stay cables are schemed, in which the cable's cross-sectional area is determined by the principle of equivalent axial stiffness. Numerical investigations on the dynamic behavior, aerostatic and aerodynamic stability of the two bridges are conducted by 3D nonlinear analysis, and the effect of different cable materials on the wind resistance is discussed. The results show that as CFRP cables are used in cable-supported bridges, (1) structural natural frequencies are all increased, and particularly great increase of the torsional frequency occurs for suspension bridges; (2) under the static wind action, structural deformation is increased, however its aerostatic stability is basically remained the same as that of the case with steel cables; (3) for suspension bridge, its aerodynamic stability is superior to that of the case with steel cables, but for cable-stayed bridge, it is basically the same as that of the case with steel stay cables. Therefore as far as the wind resistance is considered, the use of CFRP cables in cable-supported bridges is feasible, and the cable's cross-sectional area should be determined by the principle of equivalent axial stiffness.

• 전기의세계
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.11-16
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• 1973

This paper presents an optimum control of the field resistance for the self-excited DC shunt generator to keep a constant terminal voltage in case of the load change or the torque variation in the system. The non-linearity of the system is linearized by applying the small signal technique and the linearized equation is solved by the maximum principle with the digital computer. The optimal control value of the field resistance for the step error of the generator output voltage is obtained and the transient voltage characteristics in the system are investigated.

• International Journal of Safety
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

In this paper, the effects of the position and the angle of the potential probes on the measurements of the ground resistance using the fall-of-potential method are described and the testing techniques for minimizing the measuring errors are proposed. The fall-of-potential method is theoretically based on the potential and current measuring principle and the measuring error is primarily caused by the position and angle of auxiliary probes. In order to analyze the relative error in the measured value of the ground resistance due to the position of the potential probe, the ground resistance was measured for the case in which the distance of the current probe was fixed at 50[m] and the distance of the potential probe was located from 10[m] to 50[m]. Also, the potential probe was located in turn at $30[^{\circ}]$, $45[^{\circ}]$, $60[^{\circ}]$, $90[^{\circ}]$, and $180[^{\circ}]$. As a consequence, relative error decreased with increasing distance of the potential probe and decreasing angle between the current probe and potential probe. The results could help to determine the position of the potential probe during the ground resistance measurement.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.96-102
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 전위강하법을 이용한 접지저항 측정시 전위보조전극의 위치 및 각도의 영향에 대하여 기술하였으며, 측정시 오차를 최소화하는 기법을 제안하였다. 전위강하법은 이론적으로 전위와 전류의 측정원리에 근간을 두고 있으며 측정오차는 주로 보조전극의 위치와 각도에 기인한다. 전위보조전각의 위치에 의한 접지저항 측정값의 상대오차를 분석하기 위해 전류보조전극의 거리를 50[m]로 고정시키고 전위보조전극의 거리를 10[m]에서 50[m]까지 변화시키며 접지저항을 측정하였고 또한 전위보조전극과 전류보조전극 사이의 각도를 30[$^{\circ}$], 45[$^{\circ}$], 60[$^{\circ}$], 90[$^{\circ}$], 180[$^{\circ}$]로 변화시키며 측정하였다. 결과적으로 전위보조전극의 거리 증가 및 전류보조전극과 전위보조전극 사이의 각도가 감소할수록 상대오차가 작게 나타났다. 본 실험결과는 접지시스템의 접지저항을 측정할 때 전위보조전극의 위치를 결정하는데 활용될 수 있다.

• 산업공학
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.209-218
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• 1998

This paper is concerned with the assessment of benefits from water quality improvements. The contingent valuation method (CVM) is employed to directly measure the value of the project for the improvement of the water pollution in the Kumgang area. The perceived value of the improved water quality is investigated by using questionnaires to those concerned living near water-polluted area. The questionnaire includes such questions as the amount to willingly pay, the motivation to pay, the reasons of rejecting the payment, and some socio-economic data. The results of the survey show that (1) non-use value of the environmental goods is perceived to be more important than use-value of the environmental goods; (2) "willingness to pay" for the improved water quality varies according to the degree of educational level. income level and ages; (3) the resistance to pay for the project comes from the "polluter's pay principle".

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.721-728
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• 2008

Top-Base Method is a stabilization method for light weight structures particularly in the soft ground. It is widely used for the increment of bearing capacity and the effect of restraining settlement when the bearing capacity of the ground is not enough. Top-shaped cone concrete foundations are installed in graveled laid over soft ground. The principle of the basic method is to maximize effect of dispersing the overburden pressure by increasing the contact area of the top-shaped cone. Therefore, the bearing capacity is increased and the settlement is decreased by the embedded resistance of pile part in the ground. In this paper, the plate bearing test was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of Top-Base foundation. Based on the test results, the coefficient of subgrade reaction, elastic modulus, and settlement of foundation on reclaimed land was derived.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 1997년도 International Symposium on Fire Science and Technology
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• pp.120-129
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• 1997

The fire protective coating can reduce certain damages in case of fire, also conserve energy by thermal insulation and prevent corrosion and errosion in normal daily life by means of blocking thermal transfer, that were generally made of organic, inorganic and metallic materials as adiabatic coating. In case of inorganic material such as soluble silicate, it produces less toxic substances which are exposed to Ore, and have a plenty of raw material. Also inorganic thermal insulator is good in heat resistance. To develope such a excellent inorganic thermal insulator, the study of fire protective coating using the alkali silicate is necessary The principle of intumescence for alkali silicate is from rapid evolution of water in the coating material, the quantity of water in it is of course influenced on the degree of intumescence. The phenomenon of intumescence in ternary silicate is increased as the radius of ion is bigger, and this is caused by evolution of so many kinds of water. The individual degree of intumescence is ordered like this ; $K^+$ > $Na^+$ > $Li^+$ . The best protection effect is similarity found to intumescence of ternary silicate. The result of X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that $KHSi_2O_5$ is an important ingredient in K-silicate.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.493-498
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• 2003

In case of slope failure by planted protection is constructed on the slope according to of the choice trend of a recently environmental-friendly countermeasure, there has a limitation about diagnosis and preparation of measure. Also, collapse of tunnel pithead department slope has maximum in construction and countermeasure method of construction choice unlike cut-slope. In this study, analyzed inside circumstance of slope using geophysical exploration for stability analysis and countermeasure inside presentation of tunnel pithead department slope which collapse happens. geophysical exploration used dipole(Dipole-Dipole) method that is based to distribution principle does specific resistance, goes side by side with on-the-spot observation and draws base strength parameter and executed stability analysis, and presented stabilization countermeasure inside of collapse slope on this. I wish to conduce in development and research for use technical development of geophysical exploration technique hereafter by executing geophysical exploration in road collapse spot applying through this study.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of strength training on knee joint torque during walking in an adolescent with trisomy-21 Down syndrome. One adolescent with Down syndrome and one normal child participated in this study. Strength training consisted of eight exercises: squat, hamstring curl, hip adduction, hip abduction, knee extension, toe raise, sit-ups, and hyperextension of the waist. The participant with Down syndrome was participated in strength training for 12 weeks, three times a week, three sets, 10-15 RM; resistance was adjusted according to the principle of progressive overload. To measure the effect of strength training, isokinetic strength variables and knee joint torques were measured before training and after 12 weeks of training. The participant with Down syndrome had some abnormalities in controlling knee motion during walking due to muscle hypotonia, ligament laxity, and weakness of muscles. Post-training isokinetic strength increased compared to pre-training measurements. Knee range of motion were increased after strength training. Strength training did not affect ad/adduction and in/exteranl moments but did have an effect on flexor/extensor moment and timing.