• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 2021

k-least quantile of squares (k-LQS) estimates are a generalization of least median of squares (LMS) estimates. They have not been used as much as LMS because their breakdown points become small as k increases. But if the size of outliers is assumed to be fixed LQS estimates yield a good fit to the majority of data and residuals calculated from LQS estimates can be a reliable tool to detect outliers. We propose to use LQS estimates for separating a clean set from the data in the context of outlyingness of the cases. Three procedures are suggested for the identification of outliers using LQS estimates. Examples are provided to illustrate the methods. A Monte Carlo study show that proposed methods are effective.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.77-88
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• 2021

Heart Failure represents a critical pathological case that is challenging to predict and discover at an early age, with a notable increase in morbidity and mortality. Machine Learning and Neural Network techniques play a crucial role in predicting heart attacks, diseases and more. These techniques give valuable perspectives for clinicians who may then adjust their diagnosis for each individual patient. This paper evaluated neural network models for heart attacks predictions. Several online learning methods were investigated to automatically and accurately predict heart attacks. The UCI dataset was used in this work to train and evaluate First Order and Second Order Online Learning methods; namely Backpropagation, Delta bar Delta, Levenberg Marquardt and QuickProp learning methods. An optimizer technique was also used to minimize the random noise in the database. A regularization concept was employed to further improve the generalization of the model. Results show that a three layers' NN model with a Backpropagation algorithm and Nadam optimizer achieved a promising accuracy for the heart attach prediction tasks.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.267-278
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• 2024

In this paper, we investigate the uniqueness of a meromorphic function f(z) and its difference polynomial of difference operator with two sharing values counting multiplicities. Our two results improve and generalize the recent results of Barki Mahesh, Dyavanal Renukadevi S and Bhoosnurmath Subhas S [4] and for the case q ≥ 2, this allows for a highly unique generalization. To further demonstrate the validity of our main result, we provide an example.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.451-458
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• 2020

Post-stroke epilepsy (PSE) slows the recovery process and reduces the quality of life of stroke survivors. Antiepileptic drugs are empirically prescribed to prevent PSE. However, the long-term use of antiepileptic drugs increases the risk of atherosclerosis, and up to 25% of patients have drug-resistant epilepsy. Herein, We report a patient with PSE who was treated with Korean medicine including Jingansikpungtang-gagambang and Uwhangchungsimwon. A 51-year-old patient had a past medical history of cerebral infarction that occurred in 2014. His first seizure occurred in January 2020 and he was diagnosed with PSE through a brain magnetic resonance imaging. The patient had a partial seizure with secondary generalization. After the initiation of taking Korean medicine, both the rate of progression to generalized seizures and the frequency of seizures was progressively and significantly reduced. This case report suggests that Korean medicine-based treatment may be safe and effective for PSE.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.58-67
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• 2018

This study aims to analyze the cases of storage space outside housing unit and propose the activation plan. The issue of storage in residential complex has continued to be reported. This is more salient due to the recent preference trend for small houses, the constant increase of living goods and the limitation of the available space inside housing unit. Although more apartment houses are trying to have individual storage in the exterior space to address these issues, there is still a paucity of the related studies and more studies are required. In this study, we conducted on-site investigation and user interview of each case to propose active usage of the storage space outside housing unit. Result of this study shows that the most crucial factor to improve is 'accessibility' in order to activate the storage space. Storage room should be located close to each household or the individual parking space. The second factor is the size and the structure of the storage room. The sufficient space for keeping and taking large objects out are required. The front of the storage room should have a clogged structure to insure privacy. The third is the provision of suitable support programs such as the system that occupants can check remotely what items are in their storage rooms, garage sale, laundry service, auto cleaning system and rental program. Those programs are required for efficient management and activation of space. Another requirement is to improve environmental factors which include maintenance of optimal temperature and humidity, automatic ventilation system, control of individual lights, and security enhancement. Based on the results of the survey, we provide basic data which can be used for practical space planning to activate exterior storage space of the housing unit. Further surveys are required to develop this study by obtaining more data for generalization.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.111-125
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• 2018

Purpose : Cachexia, is a complex metabolic syndrome associated with underlying illness and characterized by loss of muscle with or without loss of fat mass. Patients with cachxia shows various symptoms including fatigue, anxiety, pain, sleep disorders, and poor appetite. Medications therapy, dietary and exercise therapy, and emotional support are recommended to treat patients with cachexia. However, evidence-based research verifying the role of exercise therapy in patients with cachexia is limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of therapeutic exercise on fatigue and anxiety in patients with cachexia. Methods : Case report. A 29-year-old woman was diagnosed with cachexia. Following 2 weeks of inpatient and 4 weeks of out-patient treatment. we assessed her weight, as well as pain, fatigue, and anxiety level. As an the patient exercised for an hour 5 times a week for 2 weeks,-and during the outpatient visit, she exercised for an hour twice a week for 4 weeks. Her weight was measured using a weighting scale. Pain was assessed using the visual analog scale, and fatigue and anxiety levels were assessed using questionnaires. Results : Following 6 weeks of treatment, exercise therapy a positively affected the patient's weight, as well as pain, fatigue, and anxiety levels. We observed a weight gain of 4.5 kg, pain reduction of 5.1 points. Fatigue reduction of 43 points, anxiety reduction of total 41 points. Conclusion : Exercise therapy positively affects weight, as well as pain, fatigue, and anxiety levels in patients with cachexia. However, generalization of this observation is inappropriate based on this single case study.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.41-61
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• 2022

Objectives : This paper aims to examine the clinical meaning of treating with sweet medicinals where acupuncture fails, through studying the verse, "In case of both Yin and Yang deficiency, treat with sweet medicinals" in the Huangdineijing. Methods : Related contents in the chapters 「邪氣藏府病形」, 「根結」, 「終始」, 「經脈」, 「九鍼論」 of the Lingshu were analyzed threefold. The circumstances of the application of the "In case of both Yin and Yang deficiency, treat with sweet medicinals" principle to the late Han East Asian medicine as written in the Shanghanzabinglun were examined, and its meaning was explored. Results : The 'Yin Yang' in the verse could be substituted with the Five Zhang and Six Fu, Blood and Qi, Form and Qi, Form and Jing, Form and Zhi, etc. In patients with deficiency in Qi, Blood, Yin and Yang, we can observe external symptoms such as narrow pulse pattern, symptoms in the throat or below the throat, thirst, and coarse voice. To apply sweet medicinals is to supplement the Jing from food, Spleen and Stomach, Middle Qi and Earth Qi which produces and maintains Qi, Blood, Yin and Yang. Therefore, it is essential in treating disease patterns with deficiency in both Qi, Blood, Yin and Yang, and cannot be substituted with other means of treatment such as acupuncture, moxibustion, and other manipulative therapies. Conclusions : Sweet medicinals were applied in disease patterns with throat thirst and narrow pulse patterns which could not be managed with general acupuncture or moxibustion in the time of the Huangdineijing's publication, as it holds the Earth virtue which could harmoniously supplement the body's Qi, Blood, Yin, and Yang. Later its application broadened, treating various conditions accompanying Qi, Blood, Yin, Yang deficiency, which expanded potential of medicine and contributed to the generalization of drug treatment.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.17-25
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• 2019

Purpose - This study uses the 'Galapagos Effect' theory proposed by Japanese researchers to investigate if there is a basis for applying the theory to South Korea, specifically in the High-Tech Service area. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - The underlying characteristics of Japanese business environment that led to the Galapagos Effect are identified, and then Korea is investigated to see if these characteristics are also evident. The case studies of three South Korean companies are explored to see if they can be considered as examples of the Galapagos Effect Results - The findings illustrate that some evidence for the existence of the Galapagos Effect does exist in Korean companies, but more research is required to systemize the phenomenon. Conclusions - The study concludes that proactive measures at a Government and business level should be implemented to mitigate the effects of the Galapagos Effect in Korea. The existence of evidence suggests that there may be grounds for more comprehensive studies in order to try and make a generalization. In addition, more study needs to be done to establish exactly which kinds of high-tech service companies are most likely to hit barriers due to the Galapagos Effect as it is not clear from the existing evidence.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.31-49
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• 2002

An R$^{n}$ -geometry (P$^{n}$ , L) is a generalization of the Euclidean geometry on R$^{n}$ (see Def. 1.1). We can consider some topologies (see Def. 2.2) on the line set L such that the join operation V : P$^{n}$ $\times$ P$^{n}$ \ $\Delta$ longrightarrow L is continuous. It is a notable fact that in the case n = 2 the introduced topologies on L are same and the join operation V : P$^2$ $\times$ P$^2$ \ $\Delta$ longrightarrow L is continuous and open [10, 11]. It is a fundamental topological property of plane geometry, but in the cases n $\geq$ 3, it is no longer true. There are counter examples [2]. Hence, it is a fundamental problem to find suitable topologies on the line set L in an R$^{n}$ -geometry (P$^{n}$ , L) such that these topologies are compatible with the incidence structure of (P$^{n}$ , L). Therefore, we need to study the topologies of the line set L in an R$^{n}$ -geometry (P$^{n}$ , L). In this paper, the relations of such topologies on the line set L are studied.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.21-31
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• 2012

This is a case study of Gangnam S University Hospital applying a par level transfer system for reagent materials. The purpose of this study is evaluated on the cutting down on inventory expenses and medical service revenue in the point of resource based view. The data was acquired through the financial statement of Gangnam S Hospital for the fiscal year 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011, and compared with the Korea health industry statistics index for hospital accounts based on the materials in Korea Health Industry Development Institute. The results of the study are as follows. Medical reagent materials expenditure cut down as 305 million won through 2009 fiscal year. Medical profits for the Gangnam S University hospital's income statement in 2011 show well over acquired 3.37 billion won through the enlarged diagnostic test numbers. In conclusion, Gangnam S University Hospital health statistics's index shows very high profits. The results of this study have some limitations in terms of generalization as only one hospital in Seoul. Further studies with relationship inventory performance and enlarged reagent materials are expected in this area.