• 대한간호학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was done to develop and test a structural model for caregiving experience including caregiving satisfaction and caregiving strain in families providing care for family members with a mental disorder. Methods: The Stress-appraisal-coping model was used as the conceptual framework and the structural equation model to confirm the path that explains what and how variables affect caregiving experience in these families. In this hypothesis model, exogenous variables were optimism, severity of illness and uncertainty. The endogenous variables were self efficacy, social support, caregiving satisfaction and caregiving strain. Data were collected using structured questionnaires. Results: Optimism and caregiving self-efficacy had significant direct and indirect effects on caregiving satisfaction. Optimism, severity of illness and uncertainty had significant direct and indirect effects on caregiving strain. The modified path model explained effects of optimism on caregiving self-efficacy with social support in the path structure as a mediator. Also, there were direct and indirect effects of optimism and uncertainty on caregiving satisfaction with social support and caregiving self-efficacy in the path structure as a mediators. Conclusion: Results suggest the need to improve caregiving self-efficacy of these families, establish support systems such as a mental health professional support programs for caregiving self-efficacy. Optimism, severity of illness and uncertainty perceived by families need to be considered in the development of support programs in order to increase their effectiveness.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.70-83
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• 1999

The birth of a premature infant is distressing for its parents. The parents of a premature infant experience stress according to the infant's physical appearance and behavior, the environment of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) , and the alteration in the parental role. Especially, a mother of a premature infant feels distressed even after the discharge of the infant : therefore, she has difficulties in maternal role performance. The main purpose of this study is to identify the effects of the planned infant care information program in order to lower the stress level for mothers of premature infants caused by the birth and hospitalization in NICU of premature infants, to reduce the maternal role strain, and to promote the maternal role performance after the infants' discharge. This study employed two methods of research at the same time : quasi -experimental non-equivalent pre and post test to compare : non-equivalent post test to compare. The total number of subjects was 19 who were assigned to the research program : 12 mothers of premature infants at the NICU at the Ch university hospital and 7 at the NICU at the Y general hospital located in Chounju city. The data were collected for 79 days from August 18 to November 5, 1998. The questionnaire method was applied for the data collection, and the measures used in this study were Parental Stressor Scale : NICU(Miles, 1993), the Maternal Role Strain Measures ( Hobbs, 1968 ; Steffensmeier, 1982) , and Self Confidence Scale (Pharis, 1978). Research procedure is as follows : after preliminary examination, the experimental subjects, the mothers of premature infants at the Nl CU at Ch university hospital were provided with slide films and information developed by the researcher based on existing documents and data. It took two 60-minute sessions a week for two weeks, and the mothers' stress level was measured using the same instrument twice one week and two week after the infants' hospitalization. The stress level of the contrast subjects, the mothers at Y general hospital was measured during the same period. The experimental subjects were provided with booklets on matters that require attention after the infants' discharge and on developmental project, and they were educated to play the maternal role in person for 2-3 hours a week : breast-feeding, burping a baby, and changing diapers. One week after the infants' discharge, the maternal role strain and the maternal role performance were examined in two groups of the subjects. The analysis of collected data was done using descriptive statistics including real numbers, percentages, averages, and standard deviations. Mann-Whitney test ; x² test ; Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance ; ANCOVA Spearman's rho correlation coefficients. The results on this study were as follows. (1) The examination of the same quality showed that there were no differences in the general and obstetrical characters between the two groups. However, in terms of the characters of premature infants. just right after their birth, the infants at the contrast group weighed more than those at the experimental group(U=16.5, p=.02), and the former was in mother's womb longer than the latter(U=15.5, p=.02). (2) The stress level of the mothers provided with the plannned nursing intervention program became lower as time passed compared to the others'(F=16.61, p=.00) Even when the influence of weight at birth and the length of gestation was removed among the premature infants' characters, the mothers' stress levels made a statistical difference 2 weeks after the infants' hospitalization depending on treatment (F=8.00, p=.01) (3) The maternal role strain of the mothers provided with the planned nursing intervention program was lower than the others'(U=2.0, p=.00). Even when the influence of weight at birth and the length of gestation was removed among the premature infants' characters, the maternal role strain levels made a statistical difference 2 weeks after the infants' hospitalization, depending on treatment(F=14.72, p=.00). (4) The maternal role performance level of the mothers provided with the planned nursing program was higher than the others'(U=.0, p=.00). Even when the influence of weight at birth and the length of gestation was removed among the premature infants' characters, the mothers' stress levels made a statistical difference 2 weeks after the infants' hospitalization, depending on treatment(F=8.00, p=.01). (5) The correlation between a mother's stress level 2 weeks after her infant's hospitalization, the maternal role strain and the maternal role performance were compared : the stress and the maternal role strain were statistically irrelevant to each other(r=.33, p=.12) : the stress was found to be in inverse proportion to the maternal role performance(r=-.53, p=.02). The maternal role strain was in inverse proportion to the maternal role performance as well(r=-.50, p=.00). In conclusion, for the mothers provided with the planned nursing intervention program, their stress level was getting lower as time passed during the infants' hospitalization, their maternal role strain reduced when they took care of their infants after their discharge, and their maternal role performance level was high compared to the other mothers. Besides, the lower the stress level of mothers of premature infants was during the infants' hospitalization, the higher the maternal role performance after their discharge was. The lower maternal role strain was, the higher the maternal role performance was as well. These results of the study suggested that the nursing intervention program for the mothers of premature infants developed by the researcher would be effectively applied to nursing practice, and it would be a foundation for the development of this kind of program.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.51-55
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• 2021

본 논문은 보통 병원에서 간호사가 수작업으로 진행하는 약물주입 과정을 대신할 수 있는 의료용 미세 유량 제어 장치를 소개한다. 이는 아두이노로 구현되었으며 환자의 지속적인 관리에 도움이 되고자 한다. 기본적으로 연동펌프를 통해 약물이 주입되며 RGB color sensor를 통해 배출액의 색상을 값으로 받아들이고 이 값을 바탕으로 수액백에 달린 연동펌프의 모터 속도를 조절하는 알고리즘을 아두이노 코딩을 통해 구현한다. 전체적인 시스템은 배터리를 통해 작동되며 연구실에서 355nm UV pulsed laser를 통해 제작한 LIG strain sensor의 추가를 통해 수액백으로부터 주입되는 약물의 양을 측정한다. 이렇게 제작된 미세 유량 제어 장치는 모든 과정을 수작업으로 진행해오던 병원에 곧장 사용 가능하며 간호사의 편의를 제공하고자 한다. 이 장치를 통해 한층 향상된 의료서비스를 제공할 수 있다.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2024

Predicting the number of ICU patients holds significant importance, serving as a critical aspect in efficiently allocating resources, ensuring high-quality care for critically ill individuals, and implementing effective public health strategies to mitigate the impact of diseases. This research focuses on estimating ICU patient numbers through the development of a simple mathematical model. Utilizing data on confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths, this model becomes a valuable tool for predicting and managing ICU resource requirements during the ongoing pandemic. By incorporating historical data on infected individuals and fatalities from previous weeks, we establish a straightforward equation. We found the substantial impact of the delay in infected individuals, particularly those occurring more than five weeks earlier, on the accuracy of ICU predictions. Proactively preparing for potential surges in severe cases becomes feasible by forecasting the demand for intensive care beds, ultimately improving patient outcomes and preventing excessive strain on medical facilities.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.59-75
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• 2013

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore how divorced mothers had decided to take custody of their children and became single mothers. The experiences of their lives after divorce were also explored. Data were collected from 17 Korean divorced mothers who were divorced between 2004 and 2009, and were raising at least one minor child. The data were analyzed based on the phenomenological data analysis method. Three main themes were identified: (a) reasons for deciding to have physical custody of the children, (b) mothers' experiences of adjustment after divorce, and (c) mothers' need for a policy concerning the well-being of their families. According to the divorced mothers, they decided to have physical custody of the children since they believed raising children was their natural duty of mothers or they were the most appropriate ones to raise the children rather than the fathers. While the mothers were satisfied with their lives after divorce in general, they also experienced difficulties including child care and financial strain. In particular, most mothers experienced work-family conflict related to the lack of reliable child care. When their family lives and work lives collided, the mothers put their children first and chose jobs that helped them take care of their children at the same time. The divorced single mothers hoped that the social safety net for single parents would expand to support their independence. Implications for single-parent policy are discussed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2014

The Japan National Committee for the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) and UICC-Asia Regional Office (ARO) organized an international session as part of the official program of the 72nd Annual Meeting of the Japanese Cancer Association to discuss the topic "What is cost-effectiveness in cancer treatment?" Healthcare economics are an international concern and a key issue for the UICC. The presenters and participants discussed the question of how limited medical resources can be best used to support life, which is a question that applies to both developing and industrialized countries, given that cancer treatment is putting medical systems under increasing strain. The emergence of advanced yet hugely expensive drugs has prompted discussion on methodologies for Health Technology Assessment (HTA) that seek to quantify cost and effect. The session benefited from the participation of various stakeholders, including representatives of industry, government and academia and three speakers from the Republic of Korea, an Asian country where discussion on HTA methodologies is already advanced. In addition, the session was joined by a representative of National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) of the United Kingdom, which has pioneered the concept of cost-effectiveness in a medical context. The aim of the session was to advance and deepen understanding of the issue of cost-effectiveness as viewed from medical care systems in different regions.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2005

본 연구는 고형상 에멀젼의 표면에서 일어나는 물리적 특성을 레올로지를 이용해 관찰해 보았다. 고형상 에멀젼이 전단변형에 따라 고상에서 액상으로의 전이시 전단속도가 큰 고형상 에멀젼의 경우 낮은 전단변형과 높은 전단변형에서 두 번의 전이구간을 보여주는 반면에 전단속도가 작은 고형상 에멀젼의 경우 높은 전단변형에서 전이구간이 한 번만 나타내는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 이는 고형상 에멀젼의 전단변형에 따른 표면의 물리적 특성이 중요한 요소로서 고형상 에멀젼의 구성요소에 따라 변화하게 된다. 유상과 수상으로 구성되어진 고형상 에멀젼에서 수상의 함량이 증가하게 되면 표면전이(surface transition) 구간이 점점줄어들다가 사라지는 것을 볼 수 있었으며, 유상과 분체로 구성되어진 고형상 에멀젼에서는 분체의 함량이 증가함에 따라 표면전이 구간이 점점 증가하는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 그리고 유상, 수상 그리고 분체로 이루어진 고형상 에멀젼에서는 분체의 함량이 증가함에 따라 표면전이 구간이 점점 줄어들다가 사라지는 것을 볼 수 있었다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2011

Asia1/Shamir that has been recommended by World Reference Laboratory for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is used as a vaccine strain, and is being prepared in many countries including Korea. Although it is assumed that vaccine strain Asia1/Shamir has a wide antigenicity, sufficient molecular biological analysis has not been accomplished yet. Complete genome sequence analysis showed that the region with the most severe variations was 1D region of structural protein-coding sequence; particularly amino acid 141~157 residues in 1D region RGD sites for binding to susceptible cells. In addition, five amino acids in 1D region were identified as characteristic sites that are different from other known Asia1 viruses. Asia1/Shamir strain was shown to be genetically similar to group VI that had occurred in the Middle East, but showed low level of genetic similarity to the group V viruses that had occurred in the Southeast Asia and China. It is considered that, if these viruses, group I and II including group V are introduced into Korea, care would be paid in case of inoculating the vaccine strain Shamir available in Korea.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.68-86
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• 1994

In order to provide data of effective health education for practice of preventive health behavior for visual acuity care. The authors investgated the actual acuity and health behavior for visual acuity care. The subjects of this study were 2250 students in high school. The data were collected by questionnaire developed for the purpose of this study which has been made through references and student's health record. The results were as follows, 1) As students move up to grade, the number of students with decreased visual acuity had a tendency to increase. In cases with decreased visual acuity below 0.2 in one or both eye, the number of cases was increased in accordance with moving up to grade, especially visual acuity of right eye was more decreased than that of left eye. 2) As to proportion of the group with decreased visual acuity among the total students, among 2250 students, students with decreased visual acuity was 35.6%(800 students). According to school type, in academic school, frequency of students with decreased visual acuity in day school was higher then that in night school. In commercial school, the frequency of students who had decreased visual acuity in night school were higher than that of students in day school. 3) As to variables influencing the decreased visual activity, there was a significant different between groups with normal visual acuity and groups with subnormal in terms of awareness of visual acuity by themself, parent's visual acuity, unbalanced eating habit, distance from television, or books, posture in watching television, posture in reading, awareness of illumination in classroom. 4) As to practice of protective and preventive health behavior for visual acuity care, In group with normal visual acuity. There was good practice such as proper eating habit, proper studying habit, and health habit in its descending order, but proper illumination and regular eye test were practiced poorly. In group with subnormal visual acuity, one of the vest practice in visual acuity care was an effort to prevent eye strain. Other good practice involve tasking regular eye test, maintaining proper studing habit, in its descending order.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.306-309
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• 2022

프로바이오틱스가 널리 사용됨에 따라 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)와 식품의약품안전평가원이 제시하는 프로바이오틱스 안전성 평가 가이드라인에 준수하여 B. breve BB077의 안전성을 평가하였다. 본 실험에 사용한 B. breve BB077 균주는 용혈성이 발생하지 않았으며, 독소를 거의 생성하지 않았음을 확인하였다. 항생제 내성 평가에서는 7종의 항생제에서는 EFSA 권고 cut-off value 보다 낮은 항생제 내성을 보였으며, 2종의 항생제인 streptomycin와 tetracycline에서는 cut-off value 보다 높은 항생제 내성을 보였다. streptomycin, tetracycline에 대한 내성 결정인자는 B. breve 종의 공통 유전적 특징으로 외부로부터 전달 받은 내성이 아닌 자연돌연변이에 의한 획득내성이기에 사용에 안전한 균주임을 확인하였다.