• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.332-345
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• 2023

Objectives: We examined the association of hearing with cardio-metabolic diseases, dyslipidemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus according to the personal and occupational characteristics of workers exposed to noise. Methods: The subjects of the study were 237,028 workers who underwent 2, 3, and 4 kHz airway pure tone audiometry in 2015 and who underwent clinical tests to diagnose cardiovascular-metabolic diseases. Cardiovascular-metabolic diseases were defined using reference values for respective items including blood pressure (systolic/diastolic), fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides. The airway pure tone hearing threshold of 2, 3, and 4 kHz, the average threshold of 2-3-4 kHz, and the hearing loss by the average threshold of the primary examination were distinguished. Results: Workers with cardiovascular-metabolic disease had significantly higher average hearing thresholds and higher rates of hearing loss. Logistic regression analysis, which adjusted for demographic variables of gender and age and occupational variables such as workplace size, industry, and type of work, and cardiovascular-metabolic disease as independent variables, showed that the odds ratio of hypertension to hearing loss in the mid-frequency was 1.239 (95% confidence interval: 1.118-1.374). For hypertension was 1.159 (1.107-1.214) and for diabetes it was 1.166 (1.104-1.230) for hearing loss in the high-frequency. Hearing loss measured by mean hearing was 1.178 (1.105-1.256) for hypertension and 1.181 (1.097-1.271) for diabetes. Conclusions: Cardiovascular-metabolic diseases in noise-exposed workers are associated with an increased risk of hearing loss and should be accompanied by bio-monitoring of cardiovascular-metabolic diseases in addition to auditory surveillance.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.433-444
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• 2017

본 연구는 심혈관 질환을 공통적으로 동반하는 폐기능 장애와 대사증후군 관계에 대한 연구이다. 이들 질환이 상호 관련성이 있다는 가정 하에 폐기능 장애와 대사증후군간의 상호 관련성 여부를 확인하여 올바른 질환 관리를 위한 초석을 마련하고자 하였다. 자료는 국민건강 영양조사 자료중 2008년부터 2013년까지 6년간 자료를 통합한 53,829건에서, 폐기능 검사를 시행한 만 40세 이상으로 모든 혼란 변수를 통제한 정제된 자료 8,137명(남자, 3,951명, 여자 4,186명)의 자료를 사용하였다. 폐기능 장애는 GOLD(Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease)기준에 따라 폐쇄성, 제한성으로 구분하였고, 대사증후군은 개정된 NCEP-ATPIII(National Cholesterol Education Program-Expert Panel-Adult Treatment Panel III)기준을 사용하였다. 연관성 분석은 로지스틱 회귀분석을, 유병률은 교차 분석을 시행하였다. 연구 결과, 연관성 분석에서 폐쇄성 폐질환은 대사증후군과 직접적인 관련성을 보이지 않았으며 제한성 폐질환은 대사증후군과 직접적인 관련성을 보였다. 유병률 분석에서는 폐쇄성 폐질환과 제한성 폐질환 모두 대조군보다 높은 대사증후군 유병률을 보였다. 그러나 제한성 폐질환의 대사증후군 유병률이 폐쇄성 폐질환의 대사증후군 유병률보다 더 높았다. 결론적으로 폐쇄성이 아니라 제한성 폐질환이 대사증후군과 유의한 연관성을 보였고 대사증후군 유병률도 더 높았다.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.69-81
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• 2010

Physical manifestations of aging due to the lack of exercise include the slowing down of motor learning, cardiopulmonary degradation, and the increasing difficulty to adapt to the environment. Aging is manifested with the lack of aerobic exercise work, decrease in muscular endurance, decline in skeletal and muscular strength, flexibility and agility, and the decrease in reaction speed and balance. Added to those are aging-related physiological changes, including the reduction of muscle bulk, increased body fat, decrease in total body water and basic metabolic rate as activities are reduced, and a decrease in cell and Lean Body Mass (LBM). These changes are known to cause problems. Interest and participation in appropriate physical activities among the elderly is needed to help them increase stamina, avoid diseases, maintain a clear intellect, and basically enable the elderly to live their daily lives as easy as possible. Therefore, physical activities are necessary for the elderly to enhance health-related factors. Special exercises should be performed for the enhancement of muscle function, muscle endurance, flexibility, agility, and balance. An accurate measurement of cardio-respiratory endurance and stamina through basic physical and cognitive characteristics of older adults is also required to ensure safety. Also, the development of a more scientific resistance exercise prescription system for the elderly is desperately needed.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2015

Dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid (GC), is clinically administered to woman at risk for premature labor to induce fetal lung maturation. However, exposure to repeated or excess GCs leads to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and subsequently increases risk of psychiatric and cardio-metabolic diseases in later life through fetal programming mechanisms. GCs are key mediators of stress responses, therefore, maternal nutrient restriction or psychological stress during pregnancy also causes negative impacts on birth and neurodevelopment outcome of fetuses, and other congenital defects, such as craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities. In this study, to examine the effect of prenatal stress on fetal skeletal development, dexamethasone (1 mg/kg [DEX1] or 10 mg/kg [DEX10] maternal body weight per day) was administered intraperitoneally at gestational day 7.5~9.5 and the skeletons were prepared from embryos at day 18.5. Seven out of eighteen (39%) embryos treated with DEX10 showed axial skeletal abnormalities in either the T13 or L1 vertebrae. In addition, examination of the sternum revealed that xiphoid process, the protrusive triangular part of the lower end of the sternum, was bent more outward or inward in DEX group embryos. In conclusion, our findings suggest a possible link to the understanding of the effect of uterine environment to the fetal skeletal features.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2013

Objectives: Mental health has been shown to be linked with certain underlying physiological mechanisms. The objective of this cross sectional study was to investigate the relationship between depressive symptoms and brachial artery reactivity (BAR) in an understudied population: police officers. Methods: Participants were 351 police officers who were clinically examined in the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Police Stress (BCOPS) study. BAR was performed using standard B-Mode ultrasound procedures. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Mean values of the difference between the baseline and maximum diameters of the brachial artery were determined across three categories of CES-D score using the analysis of variance and the analysis of covariance. p-values for linear trends were obtained from linear regression models. Results: The mean age (${\pm}$ standard deviation) of all officers was $40.9{\pm}7.2$ years. Women had a slightly higher mean CES-D score than men ($8.9{\pm}8.9$ vs. $7.4{\pm}6.4$) and a slightly higher percentage increase of BAR than men (6.90 vs. 5.26%). Smoking status significantly modified the associations between depressive symptoms and BAR. Among current smokers, mean absolute values of BAR significantly decreased as depressive symptoms increased after adjustment for age, gender, race/ethnicity, hypertension, and diabetes; the multivariate-adjusted p-values were 0.033 (absolute) and 0.040 (%). Associations between depressive symptoms and BAR were not statistically significant among former smokers or never smokers. Conclusion: Depressive symptoms were inversely associated with BAR among police officers who were current smokers and together may be considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease among police officers. Further prospective research is warranted.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.36-41
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• 2020

연구목적 클로자핀은 뇌심혈관 질환의 발생가능성을 높이는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 혈소판의 활성화 정도는 뇌심혈관 질환의 발생과 관련이 있을 것으로 생각되어왔다. 저자들은 이전 연구에서 단기간의 클로자핀 투여 후 혈소판 활성도가 증가함을 관찰하였다. 본 연구는 이에 대한 후속 연구로 클로자핀을 1년의 기간 동안 장기간 지속 투여하였을 때, 혈소판 활성도에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 알아보기 위해 시행하였다. 방 법 조현병 혹은 조현정동장애의 치료를 위해 최소 1년의 기간 동안 지속적으로 클로자핀을 투여 받은 환자들의 의무기록을 후향적으로 검토하였다. 혈소판의 활성도는 평균혈소판요소 값을 이용하여 측정하였다. 결 과 총 24명의 환자를 대상으로 하였고, 연구 대상자 중 남성은 9명(37.5%), 여성은 15명(62.5%) 였다. 윌콕슨부호-순위검정에서 초기 및 1년 경과 시점에서의 평균혈소판요소 값 사이의 유의한 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 결 론 1년간의 지속적인 클로자핀 투여에도 평균혈소판요소의 유의한 변화가 관찰되지 않았다. 단기간의 클로자핀 투여 시 평균혈소판요소 값에 현저한 저하를 관찰하였던 저자들의 이전의 연구 결과를 함께 고려해 볼 때, 본 연구의 결과는 클로자핀 투여 기간에 따라 혈소판의 활성도가 변화할 가능성을 시사한다.