• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.212-220
• /
• 2003

Electrical properties of carbon filler/PVdF [poly(vinylidene fluoride)] composite were investigated as a funtion of carbon filler/PVdF ratio in the range of 0.2${\sim}$0.5. Three kinds of comercialzied conductive carbon blacks such as Hiblack 41Y, KE300J, and KE600J, and carbon nanofibers prepared by the catalytic chemical vapor deposition of $C_2H_4$ over Ni-Cu catalysts were used as the carbon fillers. The electrical conductivity of carbon filler/PVdF composites were in the range of 0.65 to 13.5 S/cm depending the fillers' electrical conductivity ranging from 5.6 to 23.1 S/cm. Among the carbon fillers used, the KE600J carbon black showed the highest conductivity both in the composite and filler itself because of its high degree of graphitization due to the high-temperature thermal treatment and its high surface area due to the activation treatment.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.527-533
• /
• 2011

CNFs had been well addressed due to numerous promising applications in science and technology. Besides the same physicochemical properties of ordinary carbon materials such as active carbons and carbon black, they exhibit specific, e.g., tubular or fibrous structures, a large surface area, high electrical conductivity stability, as well as extremely high mechanical strengh and modulus, which make them a superior material for electrochemical capacitors. In this study, CNFs were pretreated by mechanical milling with different time in mortar and pestle. The milled CNFs were used as active material of electrode whose electrochemical property was tested to find physicochemical characterization variation. CNF electrode milled for 5 min has the highest electric capacitance. XPS spectrum were employed to explore changes in functional group induced from mechanical milling. Crystal size was calculated to analyze change of peak from different milling time by XRD. The CNF milled for 5 min has the largest crystal size and the highest electric capacitance.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2017

Adsorption is a plausible technology using solid adsorbents for dry capture of carbon dioxide ($CO_2$). In general, narrow size distribution of tiny pores and surface chemical functionalities of solid adsorbents enhance the adsorption capacity of gaseous $CO_2$ molecules. In order to utilize the advantages of fibrous adsorbents, this work prepared activated carbon nanofibers (ACNFs) via the electrospinning process using a polymer precursor of polyacylonitrile (PAN). The spun fibers were 390 nm to 580 nm in thickness with an average surface area of $27.3m^2/g$. The surface structure was improved by a programmed thermal activation at $800^{\circ}C$ in $CO_2$ atmosphere. It was also found that the nitrogen-groups including pyrrole and pyridine were created during the activation facilitaing the selective adsorption as forming enhanced active sites. The finally obtained adsorption capacities were 2.74 mmol/g for pure $CO_2$ flow and 0.74mmol/g for 3000 ppm.

• EDISON SW 활용 경진대회 논문집
• /
• 제4회(2015년)
• /
• pp.304-307
• /
• 2015

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been widely accepted and used as the enhancer for polymer nano-composites due to their remarkable mechanical properties. Understandably, the CNT fiber-polymer matrix interface plays a major role in determining the properties of the CNT-polymer nano-composites. Here, using the LCAODFT Lab tool available on the EDISON Nano-Physics site, we performed first-principles density-functional theory calculations to determine the atomic configurations and binding energies of the CNTs in contact with polymers. For the polymer matrixes, we chose poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN), which is one of the most well-known polymer matrixes for the carbon nanofiber nanocomposites. Different chiralities and diameters of pristine CNTs were considered, and several PAN-CNT configurations were prepared based on the atomistic positions and directions of cyano group in PAN. The most favorable configuration of PAN was obtained when the PAN bound parallel to the surface of CNT. Our finding indicates the binding configurations are determined by the direction of the cyano group dominantly rather than the atomistic position of PAN, or the symmetry of CNTs. The result of increasing the length of CNT diameter suggests that PAN is inclinable to align evenly on the surface of relatively large size of CNT with the configuration parallel to the surface. These results obtained in this study will provide the starting point for the design of improved PAN-CNT composites for the next-generation ultra-strong and ultra-light carbon nanofibers.

• Carbon letters
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.285-292
• /
• 2010

Novel unsaturated polyester composites with PAN-based nanofiber, stabilized PAN nanofiber, and carbonized nanofiber webs have been fabricated, respectively, and the effects of the nanofiber web content on their electrical resistivity, the thermal stability, dynamic storage modulus, and fracture surfaces were studied. The result demonstrated that the introduction of just one single layer (which is corresponding to 2 wt.%) of the carbonized nanofiber web to unsaturated polyester resin (UPE) could contribute to reducing markedly the electrical resistivity of the resin reflecting the percolation threshold, to improving the storage modulus, and to increasing the thermal stability above $350^{\circ}C$. The effect on decreasing the resistivity and increasing the modulus was the greatest at the carbonized PAN nanofiber web content of 8 wt.%, particularly showing that the storage modulus was increased about 257~283% in the measuring temperature range of $-25^{\circ}C$ to $50^{\circ}C$. The result also exhibited that the carbonized PAN nanofibers were distributed uniformly and compactly in the unsaturated polyester, connecting the matrix three-dimensionally through the thickness direction of each specimen. It seemed that such the fiber distribution played a role in reducing the electrical resistivity as well as in improving the dynamic storage modulus.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.25-34
• /
• 2018

본 논문은 세탁물 건조기의 고효율과 건조성능 향상을 위한 탄소나노섬유의 열원(히팅모듈)을 설명하였고, 이 열원의 적용 가능성을 평가하는데 집중하였다. 제안된 히팅모듈의 설계를 위해, 탄소나노섬유램프의 표면온도와 표면온도분포특성에 관한 실험이 수행되었다. 그 램프의 표면온도는 램프에 흐르는 전류의 증가와 함께 선형적으로 증가하였고, 그 램프의 길이가 짧을수록 증가하는 패턴을 보였다. 제안된 히팅모듈은 건조효율, 세탁물의 수분증발률, 건조동작 중 드럼의 내부온도를 기반으로 평가되었다. 건조효율은 KS C 9319의 기준인 45%를 충족하였고, 수분증발률과 드럼의 내부온도는 각각 98.88%와 평균 $61.1^{\circ}C$로 S사의 제품과 대등한 건조성능을 보였다. 그 평가와 실제 건조실험 결과로부터, 제안된 탄소나노섬유램프 히팅모듈은 건조효율과 건조성능의 측면에서 세탁물 건조기의 열원으로 적용 가능할 것으로 판단되며, 높은 온도의 열원, 우수한 발열량, 원적외선 방출에 의한 건조성능의 향상과 세탁물의 살균효과를 얻을 수 있다. 추가적으로, 그 건조기들 사이에 건조효율 성능차이가 열원의 소비전력을 기반으로 상세히 분석되었다.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.47-52
• /
• 2012

다공성 탄소나노섬유의 아민 작용기에 따른 $CO_2$ 가스 감응특성을 고찰하고자, 아민작용기가 도입된 다공성 탄소나노섬유 기반 $CO_2$ 가스센서를 제조하였다. Polyacrylonitrile를 전구체로 하여 전기방사법을 통해 나노섬유를 제조하였으며, 열처리 및 화학적 활성화 공정, 그리고 Diethylenetriamine 액상처리법을 통하여 아민작용기가 도입된 다공성 탄소나노섬유를 제조하였다. BET 비표면적 분석결과, 화학적 활성화법에 의해 최대 $2000m^2/g$까지 탄소나노섬유의 비표면적이 향상됨을 확인하였으며, FT-IR 분광법을 통해 아민 작용기의 도입을 확인하였다. 아민 작용기가 도입된 가스센서의 $CO_2$ 가스 감응특성은 다공성 탄소섬유 기반 가스센서에 비해 약 4배 향상됨을 확인하였다. 결과적으로 화학적 활성화법에 의해 발달된 기공특성과 아민작용기 도입에 따른 화학흡착 유도에 의하여 감응특성이 향상되었음을 확인하였다.

• 고무기술
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2011

Nanotechnology is the fast becoming key technology of the $21^{st}$ century. Due to its fascinating size-dependent properties, it has gained significant important in various sectors. Myths are being formed on the proverbal nanotechnology market, but the reality is the nanotechnology is not a market but a value chain. The chain comprises of - nanomaterials (nanoparticles) and nanointermediates (coatings, compounds, smart fabrics). Elastomer based nanocomposites reinforced with low volume fraction of nanofillers is the first generation nanotechnology products and it has attracted great interest due to their fascinating properties. The incorporation of nanofillers such as nanolayered silicates, carbon nanotubes, nanofibers, metal oxides or silica nanoparticles into elastomers improves significantly their mechanical, thermal, barrier properties, flame retardency etc., Extremely small particle size, high aspect ratio and large interface area yield an excellent improvement of the properties in a wide variety of the materials. Uniform dispersion of the nanofillers is a general prerequisite for achieving desired properties. In this paper, current developments in the area of elastomer based nanocomposites reinforced with layered silicate and carbon nanotube fillers are highlighted.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.5 No.2
• /
• pp.935-938
• /
• 2004

In this work, carbon nanofibers have synthesized a low temperature using DC Ar Plasma and Fe-Phthalocyanine, and a characteristic difference of the synthesized CNF according to the location of the substrate was investigated. the density of CNFs synthesized on the position (a) were higher than that synthesized on the position (b) [See the Fig. 1]. Also, the length of CNFs was different. In the shape, CNFs with screw and straight line shape were synthesized in the position (a), but only CNFs with straight line shape were synthesized in the position (b). The difference have an important effect on the field emission characteristics.

• 멤브레인
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.68-76
• /
• 2017

고강도, 내약품성, 무독성, 내연소성의 장점을 가지고 있는 PVdF (polyvinylidene fluoride) 나노섬유로 기공이 $0.4{\mu}m$ 평막을 제조한 후, 부직포와 평막으로 나권형 모듈을 제작하였다. 용존유기물의 흡착 제거를 위한 입상 활성탄(GAC, granular activated carbon) 흡착 컬럼과 자체 제작한 나권형 모듈로 혼성 수처리 공정을 구성하였다. 카올린과 휴믹산으로 조제한 모사 용액을 대상으로, 처리수를 재순환하는 경우와 배출하는 경우 각각 GAC 충진량의 영향을 알아보았다. 여과실험 후 물 역세를 하여 회복률과 여과저항을 계산하였다. 또한, 탁도와 $UV_{254}$ 흡광도를 측정하여 GAC의 흡착 효과를 고찰하였다. 그 결과, 처리수를 재순환하는 경우와 배출하는 경우 모두 탁도 처리율에는 GAC 충진량의 영향이 없었다, 하지만 GAC의 $UV_{254}$ 흡광도 처리율이 처리수를 순환하는 경우 0.7~3.6%이었는데, 처리수를 배출하는 경우 3.2-5.7%로 증가하였다. 처리수를 순환하는 경우 GAC의 충진량이 증가함에 따라, 가역적 여과저항($R_r$)과 비가역적 여과저항($R_{ir}$)은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 총여과저항($R_t$)은 거의 일정하였고, 물 역세 회복률($R_b$)은 다소 증가하는 경향을 보였다.