• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2020

Epoxy/carbon composite was used to prepare a bipolar plate for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Phenol novolac-type epoxy and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA)-type epoxy mixture was used as a matrix and graphite powder, carbon fiber (CF) and graphite fiber (GF) were used as carbon materials. In order to improve the mechanical properties of the bipolar plate, surface-modified CF was incorporated into the epoxy/carbon composite. To determine the cure temperature of the epoxy mixture, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis was performed and the data were introduced to Kissinger equation in order to get reaction activation energy and pre-exponential factor. Tensile and flexural strength was obtained by using universal testing machine (UTM). The surface morphology of the fractured specimen and the interfacial morphology between epoxy matrix and CF or GF were observed by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.131-138
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• 2014

Highly conductive bipolar plate for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) was prepared using phenol novolac-type epoxy/graphite powder (GP)/carbon fiber filament (CFF) composite, and a rubber-modified epoxy resin was introduced in order to give elasticity to the bipolar plate graphite fiber (GF) was incorporated in order to improve electrical conductivity. To find out the cure condition of the mixture of novolac-type and rubber-modified epoxies, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was carried out and their data were introduced to Kissinger equation. And tensile and flexural tests were carried out using universal testing machine (UTM) and the surface morphology of the fractured specimen and the interfacial bonding between epoxy matrix and CFF or GF were observed by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.447-452
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• 2016

The simulation of Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) machining facilitates the selection of optimal cutting parameter for high machining efficiency and better surface quality. In this study, This paper proposes a dual-dexel model to represent the fiber laminate with computational geometry method to calculate the fiber length removed per revolution and fiber cutting angles. A flat end milling simulation software is developed in C# to simulate and display the CFRP milling process. During simulation, fiber lengths, fiber cutting angle and engaged cutting angle can be displayed in real-time. A CFRP plate with different angles in different layer is used to compare the simulation results.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.403-415
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• 2018

In the present study, nonlinear dynamic response of polymer-CNT-fiber multiscale nanocomposite plate resting on elastic foundations in thermal environments using the finite element method is performed. In this regard, the governing equations are derived based on Inverse Hyperbolic Shear Deformation Theory and von $K{\acute{a}}rm{\acute{a}}n$ geometrical nonlinearity. Three type of distribution of temperature through the thickness of the plate namely, uniform linear and nonlinear are considered. The considered element is C1-continuous with 15 DOF at each node. The effective material properties of the multiscale composite are calculated using Halpin-Tsai equations and fiber micromechanics in hierarchy. The carbon nanotubes are assumed to be uniformly distributed and randomly oriented through the epoxy resin matrix. Five types of impulsive loads are considered, namely the step, sudden, triangular, half-sine and exponential pulses. After examining the validity of the present work, the effects of the weight percentage of SWCNTs and MWCNTs, nanotube aspect ratio, volume fraction of fibers, plate aspect, temperature, elastic foundation parameters, distribution of temperature and shape of impulsive load on nonlinear dynamic response of CNT reinforced multi-phase laminated composite plate are studied in details.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.13 no.6 s.58
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• pp.115-125
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• 2009

In these days, carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP) have been widely used for retrofitting and/or strengthening structural elements. However, there are not enough test data to predict the long-term performance of the retrofitted structures exposed to freeze-thawing cycles. This paper presents the results of experimental program undertaken to investigate the effects of freeze-thawing cycling (from-18 to $4^{\circ}C) on the behavior and failure characteristics of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened in shear with CFRP sheet and plate using acoustic emission (AE) technique.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.125-131
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• 2003

This paper presents the characteristics of flexural behavior of RC beam strengthened with CFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Plate). Experimental variables included the strengthening length, width, reinforcement ratio, end anchorage and preloading corresponding to 75 percent of ultimate capacity and the effects according to each experimental variables were analyzed. To study, a total 21 RC beams were constructed, tested and the response of the beams in terms of ultimate load, deflection, strain of CFRP, failure mode were examined.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.105-126
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• 2016

In the present study, modelling and vibration control of axially moving laminated Carbon nanotubes/fiber/polymer composite (CNTFPC) plate under initial tension are investigated. Orthotropic visco-Pasternak foundation is developed to consider the influences of orthotropy angle, damping coefficient, normal and shear modulus. The governing equations of the laminated CNTFPC plates are derived based on new form of first-order shear deformation plate theory (FSDT) which is simpler than the conventional one due to reducing the number of unknowns and governing equations, and significantly, it does not require a shear correction factor. Halpin-Tsai model is utilized to evaluate the material properties of two-phase composite consist of uniformly distributed and randomly oriented CNTs through the epoxy resin matrix. Afterwards, the structural properties of CNT reinforced polymer matrix which is assumed as a new matrix and then reinforced with E-Glass fiber are calculated by fiber micromechanics approach. Employing Hamilton's principle, the equations of motion are obtained and solved by Hybrid analytical numerical method. Results indicate that the critical speed of moving laminated CNTFPC plate can be improved by adding appropriate values of CNTs. These findings can be used in design and manufacturing of marine vessels and aircrafts.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.1095-1113
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• 2015

Jute rope is one of the most popular materials used for composites in various industries and in civil engineering. This experimental study investigated two types of jute rope with different diameters for jute rope composite plates to determine the best combination of jute rope and carbon fiber in terms of ratio and physical and mechanical properties. Eight combinations of carbon fiber and jute rope with different percentages of carbon fiber were analyzed. Tensile tests for the jute rope composite plate and hybrid jute rope composite were conducted, and the mechanical and physical properties of the specimens were compared. Thereafter, the ideal combinations of jute rope with an optimum percentage of carbon fiber were identified and recommended. These particular combinations had tensile strengths that were 2.23 times and 1.76 times higher than other varieties in each type.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.385-397
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• 2017

Currently, CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer) plate bonding is used quite extensively as a strengthening method. In this technique, a composite CFRP plate or sheet of relatively small thickness is bonded with an adhesion material to steel or concrete structure in order to improve its structural behavior and strength. The sheets or plates do not require much space and give a composite action between the adherents. In this study, the rotation capacity of CFRP-strengthened cold-formed steel (CFS) beams has been evaluated through numerical investigation. Studies on different structural levels have been performed. At the beam level, C-section has been adopted with different values of profile thickness, web height, and flange width. At the connection level, a web bolted moment resistant type of connection using through plate has been adopted. In web-bolted connections without CFRP strengthening, premature web buckling results in early loss of strength. Hence, CFRP sheets and plates with different mechanical properties and geometric configurations have been examined to delay web and flange buckling and to produce relatively high moment strength and rotation capacity. The numerical results reveal that CFRP strengthening may increase strength, initial stiffness, and rotation capacity when compared with the case without strengthening.

• Carbon letters
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.107-115
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• 2015

Impact damages induced by a low-velocity impact load on carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite plates fabricated with various stacking sequences were studied experimentally. The impact responses of the CFRP composite plates were significantly affected by the laminate stacking sequences. Three types of specimens, specifically quasi-isotropic, unidirectional, and cross-ply, were tested by a constant impact carrying the same impact energy level. An impact load of 3.44 kg, corresponding to 23.62 J, was applied to the center of each plate supported at the boundaries. The unidirectional composite plate showed the worst impact resistance and broke completely into two parts; this was followed by the quasi-isotropic lay-up plate that was perforated by the impact. The cross-ply composite plate exhibited the best resistance to the low-velocity impact load; in this case, the impactor bounced back. Impact parameters such as the peak impact force and absorbed energy were evaluated and compared for the impact resistant characterization of the composites made by different stacking sequences.