• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 1985

The purpose of this study was to observe the facial, lingual and gingival walls of the cavity walls with various kinds of cutting tools. Class II cavities were prepared in newly extracted sound humen mandibular 1st left premolars, and observed in Sanning electron microscope. Diamond point (#201) and Tungsten Carbide burs (#170L) were used in ultra high speed handpieces (rpm 200000), and Tungsten Carbide bur (#702) and Steel bur (#560) were used in conventional handpieces (rpm 6000). All cavities were prepared under water spray, except for some which were finished with a dry abrasive stone (#57). Some cavities were finished with chisels (#41, 42, 83). The following results were obtained. 1. The cavity walls prepared with Diamond point were rougher than the cavity walls with Carbide burs and Steel burs. 2. The chisels were produced the smoothest surface. 3. The cavity walls which were prepared with cutting blades rotated toward enamel surface from outside, were smoother than cavity walls which were prepared with cutting blades rotated toward outside from the enamel surface.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.4.1-4.13
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• 2022

Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of different smear layer preparations on the dentin permeability and microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of 2 self-etching adhesives (Clearfil SE Bond [CSE] and Clearfil Tri-S Bond Universal [CTS]) under dynamic pulpal pressure. Materials and Methods: Human third molars were cut into crown segments. The dentin surfaces were prepared using 4 armamentaria: 600-grit SiC paper, coarse diamond burs, superfine diamond burs, and carbide burs. The pulp chamber of each crown segment was connected to a dynamic intra-pulpal pressure simulation apparatus, and the permeability test was done under a pressure of 15 cmH₂O. The relative permeability (%P) was evaluated on the smear layer-covered and bonded dentin surfaces. The teeth were bonded to either of the adhesives under pulpal pressure simulation, and cut into sticks after 24 hours water storage for the µTBS test. The resin-dentin interface and nanoleakage observations were performed using a scanning electron microscope. Statistical comparisons were done using analysis of variance and post hoc tests. Results: Only the method of surface preparation had a significant effect on permeability (p < 0.05). The smear layers created by the carbide and superfine diamond burs yielded the lowest permeability. CSE demonstrated a higher µTBS, with these values in the superfine diamond and carbide bur groups being the highest. Microscopic evaluation of the resin-dentin interface revealed nanoleakage in the coarse diamond bur and SiC paper groups for both adhesives. Conclusions: Superfine diamond and carbide burs can be recommended for dentin preparation with the use of 2-step CSE.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2010

이 연구는 다이몬드 포인트와 카바이드 버 및 SiC paper로 삭제한 상아질에 대한 자가부식 프라이머 접착제의 결합강도를 비교하고, 실험실에서 사용하는 SiC paper와 유사한 결합강도를 나타내는 회전용 삭제기구를 알아보기 위하여 시행하였다. 56개의 발거된 대구치 치관의 교합면 상아질을 노출시켜 1.2 mm의 두께의 시편을 제작한 후 8개의 군으로 분류하였다. 1군은 standard diamond point (TF-12), 2군은 fine diamond point (TF-12F). 3군은 extrafine diamond point (TF-12EF), 4군은 cross-cut carbide bur (no. 557), 5군은 plain-cut carbide bur (no. 245), 6군은 P 120-grade SiC paper, 7군은 P 220-grade SiC paper, 8군은 P 800-grade SiC paper를 사용하여 각 시편의 상아질 표면을 약 0.2 mm정도 삭제하였다. 상아질 표면에 Clearfil SE Primer와 Bond를 적용하고 Tygon tube를 이용하여 Clearfil AP-X를 충전하고 40초간 광조사 하였다. 제작된 시편은 만능시험기를 이용하여 를 미세전단 결합강도는 측정한 후, 각 군의 결합강도를 one-way ANOVA와 Tukey검정을 이용하여 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 자가부식 프라이머 접착제 사용 시 상아질에 대한 개선된 접착을 위해서는 초미세입자 다이아몬드 포인트의 사용이 추천되며, 실험실적인 연구에서 P 220-grade SiC paper의 사용은 미세입자 다이아몬드 포인트나 카바이드 버로 삭제한 상아질 면과 유사한 결합강도를 나타내었다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.23-26
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• 1975

The purpose of this study was to measure the retentive force of various kinds of dental cement. Cross-cutting the half of the occlusal surface, pinholes were prepared on the dentin with No. 557 carbide bur. No. 557 steel burs were cemented in the pinholes and retentive force was measured by removing the burs with Instron testing machine. The Instron testing machine was operated at a rate of 0.2 cm per minute. The following results were obtained : 1. The retentive force of zinc phosphate cement(A), reinforced zinc oxide and eugenol cement and polycarboxylate cement were similar to each other, but that of zinc phosphate cement (A) was the highest of all. 2. The retentive force of zinc phosphate cement (B) was the lowest of all.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.477-482
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• 2011

연구목적: 이 연구는 서로 다른 버로 형성한 법랑질 표면에 대한 자가부식 프라이머 접착제의 결합강도를 상호 비교함으로써 법랑질에 우수한 접착 표면을 제공하는 적절한 버를 알아보기 위해 시행하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 42개의 발거된 대구치 치관의 법랑질을 이용하였고, 법랑질을 삭제하는 기구의 종류에 따라 6개군, 즉 1군은 Coarse (125 - 150 ${\mu}m$) diamond bur; 2군은 standard (106 - 125 ${\mu}m$) diamond bur; 3군은 fine (53 - 63 ${\mu}m$) diamond bur; 4군은 extrafine (20 - 30 ${\mu}m$) diamond bur; 5군은 plain-cut carbide bur (no. 245); 6군은 cross-cut carbide bur (no. 557)으로 분류하였다. 각 군의 법랑질 표면에 Clearfil SE Bond를 적용한 후 Tygon tube를 이용하여 Clearfil AP-X를 접착하였다. 각 군의 미세전단 결합강도를 측정하였다. 결과: 4군의 결합강도는 모든 군중 가장 높게 나타나 1군, 2군, 3군 및 6군보다 통계학적으로 높게 나타났으며(p < 0.05), 5군과는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다(p > 0.05). 결론: 버의 종류와 다이아몬드 버의 입자크기는 약한 자가 산부식 프라이머 접착제의 법랑질에 대한 결합강도에 영향을 주었다. Clearfil SE Bond의 법랑질에 대한 우수한 접착을 위해서는 초미세입자 다이아몬드 버나 plain-cut 카바이드 버의 사용이 추천된다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.327-334
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• 2007

이 연구는 서로 다른 카바이드 버와 다이아몬드 버로 5급 와동을 형성 한 후 SE primer 접착 시스템인 Clearfil SE Bond를 이용한 복합레진 수복 시 버의 종류에 따른 법랑질과 상아질 변연에서의 미세누출 차이를 상호 비교하기 위하여 시행하였다. 4종의 삭제기구를 이용하여 각각 10개의 발거된 대구치의 협면 치경부에 5급 와동을 형성하였다. 1군은 plain-cut carbide fissure bur (no. 245)를 사용한 군, 2군은 cross-cut carbide fissure bur (no. 557)를 사용한 군, 3군은 fine diamond bur (TF-21F: 입자크기 $53\;-\;63\;{\mu}m$)를 사용한 군, 4군은 standard diamond bur (EX-41: 입자크기 $106\;-\;205\;{\mu}m$)를 사용한 군으로 분류하였다. 형성된 와동에 Clearfil SE Bond의 Primer와 Bond를 적용하고 Clearfil AP-X 복합레진을 충전하여 광중합한 후, Sof-Lex disc를 이용하여 마무리와 연마를 시행하였다. 수복된 치아를 2% methylene blue 용액에 24시간 동안 침적시킨 후 각 군의 치아를 협설로 절단하여 광학 입체현미경 하에서 법랑질과 상아질 변연에서의 미세누출 점수를 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. Clearfil SE Bond와 복합레진을 이용한 5급 와동 수복 시 거친 다이아몬드 버의 사용은 카바이드 버나 미세한 다이아몬드 버에 비해 법랑질과 상아질 변연 모두에서 높은 미세누출을 나타내었다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.513-533
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• 1994

The smooth surface after polishing of composite resin contributes to the patient's comfort, and appearance and longevity of the restoration. This study was performed for the quantitative analysis of the effects of the various finishing and polishing instruments on the surface roughness and reflectivity of the microfill, and hybrid composite resins. Cylindrical specimens 2mm thick and 10mm in diameter of Silux Plus, Durafill VS ; Z100, Prisma TPH, Brilliant, and Herculite XR composite resin were polymerized under the matrix strip. 18 specimens for each composite resin materials were divided into 6 groups ; 5 experimental groups were abraded with # 600 sand paper to remove resin-rich layer, except control. Thereafter, using diamond bur(Mani Dia-Burs), carbide bur(E. T. carbide set 4159), rubber point(Composite polishing kit), aluminum-oxide disk(Sof-Lex disk), polishing paste(Enhance system) ; each specimen was polished to its best achievable surface according to manufacturer's directions. Final polished surfaces were evaluated for the surface roughness with profilometer(${\alpha}$-step 200, Tencor instruments, USA) and for the reflectivity with image analyser(Omniment Image Analyser, Buehler, USA). The results were as follows. 1. Polishing paste or aluminum-oxide disk finish in the microfill, and hybrid composite resins was as smooth as matrix strip finish on the surface roughness test. 2. Polishing paste or aluminum-oxide disk finish in the microfill ; polishing paste finish in the hybrid composite resins was as reflective as matrix strip finish on the refectivity test. 3. For the polishing paste, there were no significant differences between the composite resin materials on the surface roughness and refectivity tests. 4. For the aluminum-oxide disk, the best result was obtained with the microfill composite resin on the surface roughness and reflectivity test. 5. Diamond bur, carbide bur, and rubber point were inappropriate for the final polishing instruments.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.224-228
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• 2016

PURPOSE. This study aimed to investigate whether dentin surface preparation with diamond rotary instruments of different grit sizes affects the shear bond strength of resin-bonded restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The buccal enamel of 60 maxillary central incisors was removed with a low speed diamond saw and wet ground with silicon carbide papers. The polished surfaces of the teeth were prepared with four groups of rotary diamond burs with super-coarse (SC), coarse (C), medium (M), and fine (F) grit sizes. Following surface preparation, 60 restorations were casted with nickel-chromium alloy and bonded with Panavia cement. To assess the shear bond strength, the samples were mounted on a universal testing machine and an axial load was applied along the cement-restoration interface at the crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The acquired data was analyzed with one way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test (${\alpha}=.05$). RESULTS. The $mean{\pm}SD$ shear bond strengths (in MPa) of the study groups were $17.75{\pm}1.41$ for SC, $13.82{\pm}1.13$ for C, $10.40{\pm}1.45$ for M, and $7.13{\pm}1.18$ for F. Statistical analysis revealed the significant difference among the study groups such that the value for group SC was significantly higher than that for group F (P<.001). CONCLUSION. Dentin surface roughness created by diamond burs of different grit sizes considerably influences the shear bond strength of resin bonded restorations.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.97-106
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• 1982

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different polishing procedures on the surfaces of composite resins. Two-paste type comosite restorative resin (Hipol) was selected for this study. 70 cavities prepared on the plaster-stone dies, 6mm in diameter and 2mm in depth, was filled with composite resin according to the manufacturer's specifications and by polymerizing against mylar strips. The polymerized composite resin specimens were polished (surface finished) by using 6 polishing devices; white stones, diamond finishing points, 12-fluted carbide finishing burs, green stones, sand paper disks, and Quasite rubber disk after polished with sand paper disks and green stones. A profilometer (Bendix type) was used to record in microinches the surface roughness of each surface finished composite resin specimens. The results were as follows. 1. The best finished surface that can be obtained is a surface formed by the mylar matrix strip 2. The white stones produced the smoothest surface in the experimental group. 3. The green stones produced the roughest surface in the experimental group. 4. It was proved that the gradual use of finishing instruments from a rough one to fine ones reduced the surface roughness.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.317-324
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• 2014

PURPOSE. This study was to evaluate the effect of grinding of the inner metal surface during the porcelain try-in stage on metal-porcelain bonding considering the maximum temperature and the vibration of samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Ninety-one square prism-shaped ($1{\times}1{\times}1.5mm$) nickel-chrome cast frameworks 0.3 mm thick were prepared. Porcelain was applied on two opposite outer axial surfaces of the frameworks. The grinding was performed from the opposite axial sides of the inner metal surfaces with a low-speed handpiece with two types of burs (diamond, tungsten-carbide) under three grinding forces (3.5 N, 7 N, 14 N) and at two durations (5 seconds, 10 seconds). The shear bond strength (SBS) test was performed with universal testing machine. Statistical analyzes were performed at 5% significance level. RESULTS. The samples subjected to grinding under 3.5 N showed higher SBS values than those exposed to grinding under 7 N and 14 N (P<.05). SBS values of none of the groups differed from those of the control group (P>.05). The types of bur (P=.965) and the duration (P=.679) did not affect the SBS values. On the other hand, type of bur, force applied, and duration of the grinding affected the maximum temperatures of the samples, whereas the maximum vibration was affected only by the type of bur (P<.05). CONCLUSION. Grinding the inner metal surface did not affect the metal-porcelain bond strength. Although the grinding affected the maximum temperature and the vibration values of the samples, these did not influence the bonding strength.