• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.127-131
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• 2011

Even if there are no causing factors such as car crash and road works, traffic congestion come from traffic growth on the road. In this case, estimation of traffic flow helps find the solution of traffic congestion problem. In this paper, we present a optimization model which used on traffic equilibrium problem and studied the problem of inverting shortest path sets for complex traffic system. And we also develop pivotal decomposition algorithm for reliability function of complex traffic system. Several examples are illustrated.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.135-142
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• 2007

MADYMO human model with the detail neck was used to investigate the reaction force of neck and neck injury from rear impact directions. In the validation simulation, head acceleration, thorax acceleration and the global kinematics of the head and neck were correlated well with experimental data. Acceleration data from three 15 km/h low speed car rear impact pendulum tests(rear-end, offset, oblique) were used to simulate the model. In the simulation results, the reaction force on the facet joint and discs in the oblique rear impact were higher than rear-end, offset rear impacts. Further research is still needed in order to neck injury analysis about different crash parameters.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.732-737
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• 2004

TTX(Tilting Train Express), which has improved traveling performance on curved track, is being designed in cope with future railway circumstance. Nowadays, in the world, many efforts are focussed on railway safety. Especially, a variety of researches on train crashworthiness have been conducted. As a part of these efforts, some equipments on TTX are designed to reduce fatalities and casualties in crash accidents. This paper introduces impact energy absorbtion characteristics on the initial design of the front end structure. Some comments are made briefly for improvement of initial structural design and future following researches.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2017

Small Overlap test decided on IIHS (Insurance Institute for Highway Safety) evaluates a robustness of the car body and a passenger injury protection. A current vehicle is satisfied with a robustness of the car body for Small Overlap test but not meet the requirements of passenger injuries because it is difficult to inquire into the actual state of injury mechanism for Small Overlap test. The study shows the new injury mechanism which represents the relation between a structure of the vehicle placed with the lift foot and the low extremity injury.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.22-30
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• 2000

The sub-frame of passenger car begins to be used widely for the safety of passengers. Conventional design of the sub-frame comprises 22parts, and it requires quite complicated production processes. In this papers, the sub-frame is designed with TWB(Tailor Welded Blanks) to improve stiffness, to reduce weight and to simplify the manufacturing process. To design the proper structure, structural analysis and crash analysis are executed about the conventional design and TWB applied design. A prototype TWB applied sub-frame is manufactured using mash-seam welded TB(Tailored Blanks). Comparing with the conventional sub-frame, the TWB applied sub-frame has 30% weight reduction and 17% increasement of structural stiffness in average.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.403-408
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• 2000

The use of tailor welded blanks(TWB) in automotive applications is increasing due to the potential of weight and cost saving In this study, the front side member of passenger car is developed by typical analysis and crash simulations. According this results, energy absorption and barrier force is very important to control passenger safety and deformation shape. For that purpose, it is most effective to absorb energy more tailor welded blanks front side member than non-twb. The front side member with twb is simulated, in which reduced stamping parts, weight reduction and cost down.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.652-656
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• 2004

Crashworthy design of trains is now indispensable procedure in modern railway vehicle design for ensuring the safety of Passengers and crew. It is now widely recognized that a more strategic approach is needed in order to absorb higher level energy in a controlled manner and minimize passenger injuries effectively. The first design step in this strategic approach is the design of the front end structure(so called HE extremities) to absorb a large part of total impact energy and then the structure of passengers non-accommodation zones(so called LE extremities) is designed to absorb the rest of impact energy. In this paper, the passengers entrance door area is selected as the LE(low energy) extremities and the design of the LEE was carried out. The main part of LEE design procedures is the design of energy absorbing tubes. For this purpose, the several tube candidates are introduced and compared to each others with numerical crash simulation.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.54-61
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• 2019

Recently, IITS (intelligent integrated transportation system) has been important topic in Smart City related industry. As a main objective of IITS, prevention of traffic jam (due to car accidents) has been attempted with help of advanced sensor and communication technologies. Studies show that car accident has certain correlation with some factors including characteristics of location, weather, driver's behavior, and time of day. We concentrate our study on observing auto correlativity of car accidents in terms of time of day. In this paper, we performed the ARIMA tests including ADF (augmented Dickey-Fuller) to check the three factors determining auto-regressive, stationarity, and lag order. Summary on forecasting of hourly car crash counts is presented, we show that the traffic accident data obtained in Korea can be applied to ARIMA model and present a result that traffic accidents in Korea have property of being recurrent daily basis.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.13-19
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of air bag deployment in passenger car head-on collisions on injuries to the driver. The drivers in head-on collisions who were brought to the emergency rooms of two hospitals from January 2011 and October 2014 were evaluated, as were the vehicles involved. The driver injury level were assessed by utilizing Collision Deformation Classification (CDC) codes, and the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) and Injury Severity Score (ISS), respectively. In this study, it was shown that the chest ISS and AIS were significantly high when an air bag only is deployed. A statistically significant difference was found in the crush extent when the driver who fastened the seatbelt was found to be affected more than the ISS 9. Even when an air bag is deployed in a head-on car collision, injury severity can vary according to accident circumstances and crash severity. Accordingly, first aid can be rapidly given, and the injured person can be quickly referred to a hospital, only if the assessment of persons involved in a vehicle accident is accurately carried out.

• IE interfaces
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.482-489
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• 2004

As the functional characteristics of passenger cars have reached to a satisfactory level, customers place more concerns with the aesthetic aspects of interior designs. The present study developed satisfaction models of passenger car interior materials for six parts including crash pad, steering wheel, transmission gearshift knob, audio panel, metal grain, and wooden grain. Eight to fifteen material design variables such as color, embossing, and smoothness were defined for the six interior parts based on literature survey, customer reviews, and expert opinions. A satisfaction survey was conducted for 30 vehicles with 30 participants ($mean{\pm}SD$ of age = $28.7{\pm}6.6$) by using a modified magnitude estimation scale. Based on the survey results, the material design variables were screened from statistical, technical, and practical aspects. With the screened variables, satisfaction models were developed by using the quantification I method for the six interior parts, indicating the importance of material design variables and preferred material properties.