• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.52-62
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• 2004

This research is basic research about 「the afforestation project of the Shilla Dynasty's capital forest」 which is controlled by the research institute of forest and environment of Kyungbuk province. The results of the investigation about target places and selection of major species of trees is as follows. 1. In the Shilla Dynasty's times, the peach tree was the indicator of unusual changes in weather, and was also the symbol of unsurpassed beauty. Peach trees were so prevalent that people called the forest peach-hill or peach-forest. Therefore, the main tree of Shilla Dynasty's capital forest would have to be a peach tree. 2. From several records, pine and bamboo were planted or grown together. The pattern of planting trees like this case is also historic, so should be utilized positively. 3. In order to afforest the capital forest, the bamboos have to be planted on Nam-mountain in Kyung-ju, and maple trees have to be planted on Kumgang mountain. 4. There were many big trees during the Shilla Dynasty, and the name of one of the Six Main Villages was 'Big Tree Village'. Therefore, big and long-lived trees have to be planted also. 5. The willow tree has to be considered for afforesting the capital forest even though the willow trees are misunderstood to cause allergies. They are traditional landscape architecture trees. In the traditional literature, the willow tree stands for good news. 6. Japanese cornellian cherry(Cornus officinalis), which is related with old narrative literature in the era of King Kyungmun, has to be planted for the forest, and has to be considered to be an educational tree. 7. Korean Rhododendron, which is related with Madam Suro's story, has to be planted in stone gardens.8. Lotus, Korean pulsatilla, Boxwood, Bombycis Mulberry, and Japanese Apricot have been recorded just one time, but these are also important plants which have to be reflected on afforestation of capital forest project. 9. The forests of Shilla on the old records exist in 17 places. The afforestation project has to be undertaken at these places. 10. The people of Shilla deified the forest and trees, which were the places where ancestral rites had been performed. For example, Gyerim, Sinyurim, and Wanggasu were the sacred forests of the capital forest.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.68-75
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• 2000

The purpose of this paper is to define the spatial scope and landscape structure of the capital city of Shilla Dynasty. We have tried to analyze the locational characteristics, the location and landscape form of the Yonggang-Dong pond site which was assumed a part of a king's place, and had the important implicitness in delineating the spatial scope of capital city of Shilla Dynasty. The research took the theory of landscape cognition as a tool, and processed with the book review related simultaneously. The results of study are as follows; 1) It has been almost conformed that the Yonggang-Dong Pond Site was a part of the North Palace of Shilla Dynasty, and it took the form of fully enclosed by the forest, such as the names of Imjungsu and Gosungsu, and so on. This fact has leaded to the special landscape form of 'Forest with Palace' that is an similar pattern of Forest with Tumulus, Forest having Well, Forest having Well, Forest having Mountain. Each of them is symbolizing the place of holiness in the Shilla Dynasty. 2) The Yonggang-Dong Pond site and its surrounding forests made them together be the north border of the Capital City of Shilla Dynasty. This fact made it possible to consider the form of landscape of the Najung Forest with Posugjung Pavilion as the same on which was on the southern border of the city. 3) The above mentioned facts lead to clues that the border of the capital city of Shilla Dynasty does mean that it was not the mere functional one, but symbolic one. Thus, this paper suggests that the spatial scope of the capital city of Shilla Dynasty should include not only the area of block system, but also the surrounding natural area of mountains, forests, and so on, including the artificial elements of palace and pavilion. 4) This type of borders with the natural elements show basically the different type and function. We could find out some examples from China's and Japan under the same block systems and in the same era. It should be more identifiable in the form and the meaning of landscape of the capital city of Silla Dynasty in ancient Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.31-39
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• 2013

Some researcher started studies of natural capital from 1980's. But many researches are going along with the theme lately. Most assessment of ecosystem services are approaching a general assessment using a land-cover map. Therefore they have some problems such as overestimate, underestimate, and double counting, and so on. This study suggested a detailed typology for quantitative assessment about ecosystem services. It compared land-cover map and forest type map to select a based map and made criteria with reference to the literature and field survey. It subdivided a forest typology using ecological feature (natural forest, artifical forest), forest type (coniferous forest, mixed forest, hardwood forest) and age of stand in forest type map. Each forest type is widely distributed 21~40 ages of forests and biggest area is 21~40 ages of mixed forest in all forest typology. Further researches have to progress consistently assessment using detailed typology and function of forest ecosystem services.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.8-21
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• 2017

The objective of this study is to identify the individual characteristics and the elements of social capital hence a suitable design of social capital reinforcement can be proposed to promote a sustainable community-based mangrove management. The research conducted in three villages that were selected based on mangrove ecological differences in Lampung Province, Indonesia. Qualitative data was collected through field observation and in-depth interviews with key informants. The results showed that the population in the three villages dominated on productive ages, worked as farmers, and less educated (only a half of the population had fulfilled the basic education standard of Indonesia). The study results also indicated that the social capital in the communities showed minimum condition of interpersonal attachment and cooperation. This condition was derived from the attitude of the people who only took personal benefit without concerning to others' welfare. Many programs conducted by government to ensure the conservation of mangroves were project-oriented with minor participation of community. The minor participation might also contributed to the minimum of social capital in the community. To improve social capital, the communities should strengthen mutual trust based on mutual benefit to increase members' participation in mangrove activity.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.519-529
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• 2020

Livelihood capitals have a clear influence on livelihood development. As for the livelihood results, it has been pointed out in the analysis of the poor households that the ability of people to escape poverty depends especially on the access to livelihood capitals. This study aims to analyze the impacts of livelihood capital on poverty among mountain people who depend on forests through human capital, social capital, natural capital, physical capital and financial capital. This research employs the model of binary regression function. Independent variables x1, x2, …, xn are targets of livelihood strategy, vulnerability context, and livelihood capitals. These variables were selected to be included in the original model with dependent variable Y as poor and non-poor households. This study surveys households living in upland areas, near forests, and households of ethnic minorities. The results show that,out of the poor household rate, nearly 4% are newly-poor households or those falling back into poverty. Therefore, the government needs to pay more attention to this disadvantaged group and implements policies such as education and training policies, credit support policies, policies to support forest development, and payment for forest environmental services in the context of emerging countries like Vietnam.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.94 no.3 s.160
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• pp.168-177
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• 2005

To provide the basic policy informations for environment-friendly and economical construction of green forest road, forest road density considering for the forest terrain and characteristics was computed. As results, designing the effective forest management and protection, standard forest road density as a social overhead capital (SOC) concept was computed to 8.57 m/ha. Considering as based facilities for forest management, we also optimal forest road density for preparing the sustainable forest management system was computed to 14.01 m/ha.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.155-166
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• 2023

Consumption and selling of Non Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) are important means to meet nutritional requirements and improve the socio-economic conditions of the rural population. The purpose of this study was to document the status and utilization pattern and assess the economic value of NTFPs sold in the markets of the Itanagar Capital Region (ICR) of Arunachal Pradesh. Five major markets with 182 vendors were surveyed, and a total of 94 plant-based products under 63 species belonging to 32 families were found to be sold in the markets. Species like Acmella oleracea, Clerodendrum glandulosum, Dioscorea alata, Houttuynia cordata, Phoebe goalparensis, Piper pedicellatum, Zanthoxylum rhetsa, etc. are found to be highly preferred and have a higher demand in the local markets. The edible products of species like Piper pedicellatum and Phoebe goalparensis though highly consumed in the study area, are used only within the region, and the national and international demands of the species are nil. The animal-base products are not included in the study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.4
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• pp.677-684
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• 2015

This study analyzed a long-run growth trend of the forestry sector in the Republic of Korea, and forecasted the potential growth in the future after investigating main drivers of growth in the forestry sector through growth accounting analysis. Based on results, we finally suggested a direction to go forward in order to achieve a sustainable growth in the field. After Asia financial crisis, the growth rate of the forestry sector was getting stable with the fast recovery of Korean economy. While the main drivers of growth in the field was labor and capital accumulation in 1980s and 1990s, the main driver of growth has been the increment of capital accumulation since 2000. As the result of our analysis for forecasting the potential growth in the field, the contribution of labor, capital, TFP in total growth is expected as 0.09%, 1.58%, and -0.01%, respectively. The potential growth rate of the forestry sector during 2012-2020 is predicted to be 1.65% and the total production will become 36.25 trillion won.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.480-489
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• 2009

This study was carried out to develop the core technology for the manufacturing the flat floor panel with the bamboo grown in Damyang region maintaining its indigenous merits. Using capital bamboo(Phyllostachys bambusoides) of Damyang with superior physical and working properties, Authors have standardized the core technologies for the integrated production of flat floor panel using this superior bamboo i.e, washing, splitting, flattening, blasting, and overlaying over plywood. It is expected to increase the income from bamboo forest and to enhance the image of the eco-city, Damyang with this technological development. Additional quality assuring test and economical analysis for the industralization as building material will be performed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.3
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• pp.268-273
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• 2006

This study analyzed the technological change of Korean sawmill industry affected by change of factor price. An aggregate cost function has been estimated to analyze the technological change in Korean sawmill industry between 1970 and 2003 to the technical bias and scale effect. There was substitution among labour, capital, and material, especially in more elastic relation between labour and capital. In addition, domestic sawmill industry was progressed into structure which is biased to labour saving, and capital and material using because of increase of labour price. Since Korean sawmill industry's technology still exhibits an increasing returns to the scale, the large amount of investment has contributed to productivity growth, and the future productivity growth continually depend on the scale effect for some time.