• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.4483-4486
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• 2016

Background: Despite the fact that ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cancer in women worldwide and the fifth leading cause of cancer death, It is the most common cause of death due to reproductive cancers in Thailand where epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is commonly found. According to a Thai statistical analysis in 2010 by the Department of Medical Services, epithelial ovarian cancer was the sixth most common cancer in Thailand from 2001to 2003.The incidence of 5.1 per 100,000 women per year. Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a novo diagnostic tumor marker for EOC. The combination of HE4 and carcinoma antigen 125 (CA 125) is a tool for detecting epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) better than using CA 125 alone. Therefore, the researcher is interested in HE4 does have a role to predict recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. Materials and Methods: The patients who had complete response after diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer by pathology, FIGO stage 3 or more had been treated through surgery and chemotherapy at the Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital from June 2014 until March 2016. The patients were followed up every three months, using tumor marker (CA 125, HE4,Carcinoma antigen 19-9) together with other checkup methods, such as rectovaginal examination, CXR every year and other imaging as indication. Afterwards, the data was analyzed for the ability of HE4 to detect recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer. Results: In 47 patients in this study follow-up for 22 months after complete response treatment from surgery and chemotherapy in epithelial ovarian cancer, 23 had recurrent disease and HE4 titer rising. The patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer demonstrated high levels of both HE4 and CA125 with sensitivity of 91.3% and 52.7% respectively, specificity of 87.5% and 95.6% and positive predictive values of 87.5% and 85.7%. HE4 can predict recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (p-value=0.02242). Comparing HE4 and CA125 in predicting recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer HE4 had more potential than CA125 (p-value =0.8314). Conclusions: The present study showed HE4 to have a role in predicting recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer and HE4 is potentially better than CA125 as a marker for this purpose.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.42-46
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• 2016

Purpose Mammography is the most widely used scan for the early diagnosis since it is possible to observe the anatomy of the breast. however, The sensitivity is markedly reduced in high-risk patients with dense breast. Molecular Breast Imaging (MBI) sacn is possible to get the high resolution functional imaging, and This new neclear medicine technique get the more improved diagnostic information through It is useful for confirmation of tumor's location in dense breast. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of MBI for tumor diagnosis in patients with dense breast. Materials and Methods We investigated 10 patients female breast cancer with dense breast type who had visited the hospital from September 1st to Octorber 10th, 2015. The patients underwent both MBI and Mammography. MBI (Discovery 750B; General Electric Healthcare, USA) scan was 99mTc-MIBI injected with 20 mCi on the opposite side of the arm with the lesions, after 20 minutes, gained bilateral breast CC (CranioCaudal), MLO (Medio Lateral Oblique) View. Mammography was also conducted in the same posture. MBI and Mammography images were compared to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of each case utilizing both image and two images in blind tests. Results The results of the blind test for breast cancer showed that the sensitivity of Mammography, MBI scan was 63%, 89%, respectively, and that their specificity was 38%, 87%, respectively. Using both the Mammography and MBI scan was Sensitivity 92%, specificity 90%. Conclusion This research has found that, The tumor of dense tissue that can not easily distinguishable in Mammography is possible to more accurate diagnosis since It is easy to visually evaluation. But MBI sacn has difficulty imaging microcalcificatons, If used in conjunction with mammography it is thought to give provide more diagnostic information.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.120-128
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• 2009

Purpose: Early detection of recurrence is an important factor for long term survival of patients with colorectal cancer. Measurement of serum levels of CEA, CA 19-9, CT and PET/CT has been commonly used in the postoperative surveillance of colorectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic ability of PET/CT, tumor marker and CT for recurrence in colorectal cancer patients after treatment. Materials and Methods: F-18 FDG PET/CT imaging was performed in 189 colorectal cancer patients who underwent curative surgical resection and/or chemotherapy. Measurement of serum levels of CEA, CA 19-9 and CT imaging were performed within 2 months of PET/CT examination. Final diagnosis of recurrence was made by biopsy, radiologic studies or clinical follow-up for 6 months after each study. Results: Overall sensitivity, specificity of PET/CT was 94.7%, 91.1%, while those of serum CEA were 44.7% and 97.3%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity were 94.2%, 90.4% for PET/CT and better than those of combined CEA and CA 19-9 measurement(52.1%, 88.5%) in 174 patients measured available both CEA and CA 19-9 data. In 115 patients with both tumor markers and CT images available, PET/CT showed similar sensitivity but higher specificity(92.9%, 91.3%) compared to combination of tumor markers and CT images(92.9%, 74.1%). Conclusion: PET/CT was superior for detection of recurred colorectal cancer patients compared with both CEA, CA 19-9, and even with combination of both tumor markers and CT. Therefore PET/CT could be used as a routine surveillance examination to detect recurrence or metastasis of colorectal cancer.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2017

Severe hypercalcemia is rarely encountered in children, even though serum calcium concentrations above 15-16 mg/dL could be life-threatening. We present a patient having severe hypercalcemia and azotemia. A 14-year-old boy with no significant past medical history was referred to our hospital with hypercalcemia and azotemia. Laboratory and imaging studies excluded hyperparathyroidism and solid tumor. Other laboratory findings including a peripheral blood profile were unremarkable. His hypercalcemia was not improved with massive hydration, diuretics, or even hemodialysis, but noticeably reversed with administration of calcitonin. A bone marrow biopsy performed to rule out the possibility of hematological malignancy revealed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. His hypercalcemia and azotemia resolved shortly after initiation of induction chemotherapy. Results in this patient indicate that a hematological malignancy could present with severe hypercalcemia even though blast cells have not appeared in the peripheral blood. Therefore, extensive evaluation to determine the cause of hypercalcemia is necessary. Additionally, appropriate treatment, viz., hydration or administration of calcitonin is important to prevent complications of severe hypercalcemia, including renal failure and nephrocalcinosis.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.156-160
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• 2004

Background and Objectives: Neck metastasis is one of the most important prognostic factors in treating tonsillar cancer. Incidence and pattern of lymph node metastasis of tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma are the basic knowledge of treatment decision. Occult metastasis rate of tonsillar cancer and pattern of metastasis, failure pattern, survival were retrospectively analyzed. Patients and Methods: Seventy six patients who underwent surgery for tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma as an initial treatment from 1992 to 2004 were evaluated. Charts, imaging studies and pathologic reports were reviewed. Results: At the time of surgery, 78% of patients with tonsillar cancer had neck metastasis and 66% had multiple node metastasis. Occult neck metastasis was in 26%. There was high incidence of neck metastasis even in early stage of primary lesion. Conclusion: High incidence of lymph node metastasis was confirmed histopathologically in tonsillar cancer. All tonsillar cancer patients may need elective treatment of the neck. Tonsillar cancer had relatively good prognosis even though its neck metastasis rate is very high.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.295-303
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• 2018

Purpose: We evaluated prognostic value of the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer/International Union for Cancer Control (AJCC/UICC) staging system for nasopharyngeal cancer and investigated whether tumor volume/metabolic information refined prognostication of anatomy based staging system. Materials and Methods: One hundred thirty-three patients with nasopharyngeal cancer who were staged with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) between 2004 and 2013 were reviewed. Multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate prognostic value of the 8th edition of the AJCC/UICC staging system and other factors including gross tumor volume and maximum standardized uptake value of primary tumor (GTV-T and SUV-T). Results: Median follow-up period was 63 months. In multivariate analysis for overall survival (OS), stage group (stage I-II vs. III-IVA) was the only significant prognostic factor. However, 5-year OS rates were not significantly different between stage I and II (100% vs. 96.2%), and between stage III and IVA (80.1% vs. 71.7%). Although SUV-T and GTV-T were not significant prognostic factors in multivariate analysis, those improved prognostication of stage group. The 5-year OS rates were significantly different between stage I-II, III-IV (SUV-T ≤ 16), and III-IV (SUV-T > 16) (97.2% vs. 78% vs. 53.8%), and between stage I, II-IV (GTV-T ≤ 33 mL), and II-IV (GTV-T > 33 mL) (100% vs. 87.3% vs. 66.7%). Conclusion: Current anatomy based staging system has limitations on prognostication for nasopharyngeal cancer despite the most accurate assessment of tumor extent by MRI. Tumor volume/metabolic information seem to improve prognostication of current anatomy based staging system, and further studies are needed to confirm its clinical significance.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.55-61
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• 2019

Objectives : Recently, natural bioactive components catch a major attention for their potent anticarcinogenic activity. In this study, the inhibitory effect of Cinnamomi Cortex (CC) was examined in PC3 prostate cancer cells. Methods : The toxicity of CC extract was evaluated with cell viability and cell morphology. The activity of Yes associated protein (YAP) was tested with qRT-PCR for the target gene expression such as CTGF and AMOTL2. Western blotting was performed for the evaluation of phospho-YAP level. For cell motility analysis, cellular motility was imaged by live imaging system for 6 hr. Successive images were used for the generation of movie file. Using this movie file, cellular migration was manually tracked and analyzed using time-lapse microscope and Fiji software. Results : Cytotoxicity of CC extract was not detected at $500{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ or below concentration. Although $500{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of CC extract reduced CTGF and AMOTL2 gene expression as YAP target genes, it was not statistically significant (CTGF expression P=0.0605, AMOTL2 expression P=0.4478). However, phosphorylated YAP was highly enhanced by CC extract treatment, when normalized with total YAP protein expression, suggesting YAP activation was inhibited. Finally prostate cancer cell motility was markedly reduced by $500{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of CC extract. Conclusions : CC extract suppresses cancer cell motility and migration ability through inhibiting YAP activation without prostate cancer cell death, suggesting that this herb might be effective therapeutic drug for prostate cancer metastasis.

• Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2022

Anti-cancer and therapeutic effects using therapeutic radioisotopes have been demonstrated by various studies, and it is well-known that therapeutic radioisotopes are useful in cancer treatment. Recently, one of the therapeutic radioisotopes, scandium is emerging as a radioisotope applicable to PET imaging (⁴³Sc, ⁴⁴Sc) and therapy (⁴⁷Sc) in cancer theranostic approach. However, ⁴⁷Sc has little known radiobiological and therapeutic efficacy compared to other therapeutic radioisotopes. Here, we investigated the quality and therapeutic efficacy of ⁴⁷Sc radioisotope produced by our production/isolation technology at the research reactor 'HANARO' in KAERI (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute). We showed that the therapeutic efficacy of ⁴⁷Sc, produced by our production/isolation technology, effectively suppressed epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Consequently, these results suggest that the high quality of the produced ⁴⁷Sc by our production/isolation technology enables the development of therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment and radiopharmaceuticals using ⁴⁷Sc.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.578-584
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• 2023

Objectives: This is a five-year survival and complete response (CR) report on rectal cancer treated with western medicine and Korean traditional medicine. Method: A 25-year-old woman diagnosed with rectal cancer visited ⃝⃝ Korean traditional medicine hospital after neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation therapy, chemotherapy, and low anterior resection with regional lymph node dissection. She was treated with Korean traditional medicine, including acupuncture, abdominal moxibustion, wild ginseng pharmacopuncture, and herbal medicine, which was based on integrated medicine therapy (IMT), from January 2018 to February 2022. The tumor size was measured by scanning with computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging, and positron-emission tomography/CT. Adverse events were evaluated using laboratory conclusion and National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. Result: During four years of treatment, IMT maintained safety. The patient finally reached five-year survival without any recurrence or complication (CR) on March 11, 2022. Conclusion: We suggest that an integrative approach including Korean traditional medicine can be a meaningful treatment option for rectal cancer. Further studies should be performed to establish the proper treatment protocol of integrative medicine for rectal cancer.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.129-137
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• 2024

Purpose: Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) who undergo dental procedures during radiotherapy (RT) face an increased risk of developing osteoradionecrosis (ORN). Accordingly, new tools must be developed to extract critical information regarding the dose delivered to the teeth and mandible. This article proposes a novel approach for visualizing 3-dimensional planned dose distributions on panoramic reconstruction computed tomography (pCT) images. Materials and Methods: Four patients with HNC who underwent volumetric modulated arc therapy were included. One patient experienced ORN and required the extraction of teeth after RT. In the study approach, the dental arch curve (DAC) was defined using an open-source platform. Subsequently, pCT images and dose distributions were generated based on the new coordinate system. All teeth and mandibles were delineated on both the original CT and pCT images. To evaluate the consistency of dose metrics, the Mann-Whitney U test and Student t-test were employed. Results: A total of 61 teeth and 4 mandibles were evaluated. The correlation coefficient between the 2 methods was 0.999, and no statistically significant difference was observed (P>0.05). This method facilitated a straightforward and intuitive understanding of the delivered dose. In 1 patient, ORN corresponded to the region of the root and the gum receiving a high dosage (approximately 70 Gy). Conclusion: The proposed method particularly benefits dentists involved in the management of patients with HNC. It enables the visualization of a 3-dimensional dose distribution in the teeth and mandible on pCT, enhancing the understanding of the dose delivered during RT.