• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2023

Objectives: National health insurance herbal prescription of Korean medicine has been serving important role in public healthcare in spite of continuous demand on revision of system. However, the categories of insurance herbal prescriptions are not equally distributed throughout the KCD-based major disease categories. We analyzed statistical database of claimed national health insurance classified as major disease categories by years. We classified all 56 herbal prescriptions as per their total medical indications into 22 major disease categories to analyze their distribution. Significant increase of M and S-T code claims were found, whereas decrease of U code claims by years. We figured out that the 56 prescriptions were unequally distributed along with enrichment of certain codes such as K and J. Meanwhile, the insurance claim of each prescription was positively correlated with number of code types of their indications. As a result, we believe that the reform of national health insurance herbal prescription list is necessary to promote use of it in clinic.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.97-100
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• 2004

The identification of the DNA structure as a double-stranded helix consting of two nucleotide chain molecules was a milestone in modern molecular biology. The DNA chip technology is based on reverse hybridization that follows the principle of complementary binding of double-stranded DNA. DNA chip can be described as the deposition of defined nucleic acid sequences, probes, on a solid substrate to form a regular array of elements that are available for hybridization to complementary nucleic acids, targets. DNA chips based on cDNA clons, oligonucleotides and genomic clons have been developed for gene expression studies, genetic variation analysis and genomic changes associated with disease including cancers and genetic diseases. DNA chips for gene expression profiling can be used for functional analysis in human eel Is and animal models, disease-related gene studies, assessment of gene therapy, assessment of genetically modified food, and research for drug discovery. DNA chips for genetic variation detection can be used for the detection of mutations or chromosomal abnormalities in cnacers, drug resistances in cancer cells or pathogenic microbes, histocompatibility analysis for transplantation, individual identification for forensic medicine, and detection and discrimination of pathogenic microbes. The DNA chip will be generalized as a useful tool in clinical diagnostics in near future. Lab-on-a chip and informatics will facilitate the development of a variety of DNA chips for diagnostic purpose.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2018

Objectives The incidence of degenerative diseases is increasing as society ages, and this increased the economic burden on society. Oxidative stress was also under suspicion as one of the causes. Recent studies have found that Curcuma longa Rhizoma had antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, and anticancer effects. Through this study, we figure out trends in Curcuma longa Rhizoma research and evaluate the therapeutic potential of Curcuma longa Rhizoma for dementia. Methods The search was made using domestic and international internet search sites. "Naver academic," "Google scholar," "Korea institute of oriental medicine (KIOM OASIS)," "Korean traditional knowledge portal (KTKP)," "Library of Congress," "Research information sharing service (RISS)," "National Digital Science Links (NDSL)," and "Pub med" are used to search. The searched for words were "turmeric," "Curcuma longa Rhizoma," "antioxidant," and "nerve regeneration." Results It could be seen that a lot of research done on Curcuma longa recently. In previous studies, the most common research disease was cancer. In previous studies, the most common effects of Curcuma longa was antioxidant and anticancer. Curcumin, Vitamin B1, and various essential oils were the functional components of Curcuma longa Rhizoma. Curcuma longa Rhizoma performs DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical cation decolorization activity; it inhibits NO and iNOS. Conclusion The destruction of nerve cells due to oxidative stress is a cause of dementia. Curcuma longa Rhizoma have antioxidant effects. Therefore, we believed that it is an effective treatment for dementia. Various studies will be made on Curcuma longa Rhizoma.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2021.10a
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• pp.307-310
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• 2021

In the recent years, studies using Computer-Aided Diagnostics(CAD) have been actively conducted, such as signal and image processing technology using breast ultrasound images, automatic image optimization technology, and automatic detection and classification of breast masses. As computer diagnostic technology is developed, it is expected that early detection of cancer will proceed accurately and quickly, reducing health insurance and test ice for patients, and eliminating anxiety about biopsy. In this paper, a quantitative analysis of tumors was conducted in ultrasound images using a gray level co-occurrence matrix(GLCM) to experiment with the possibility of use for computer assistance diagnosis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.5843-5847
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• 2013

Background: Persistent infection with high risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is strongly associated with cervical cancer. Normal cervical cells may also harbor hrHPV, and detection of early hrHPV infection may minimize risk of cervical cancer development. This study aimed to compare two commercial HPV genotyping assays that may affordable for early screening in a limited-resource setting in Bandung, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: DNA from cervical biopsies with histologically confirmed as squamous cell cervical cacinoma were HPV genotyped by Linear Assay 1 (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany) or Linear Assay 2 (Digene HPV Genotyping RH Test, Qiagen Gaithersburg, MD). In a subset of samples of each group, HPV genotype results were then compared. Results: Of 28 samples genotyped by linear assay 1, 22 (78.6%) demonstrated multiple infections with HPV-16 and other hrHPV types 18, 45 and/or 52. In another set of 38 samples genotyped by linear assay 2, 28 (68.4%) were mostly single infections by hrHPV type 16 or 18. Interestingly, 4 samples that had been tested by both kits showed discordant results. Conclusions: In a limited-resource area such as in Indonesia, country with a high prevalence of HPV infection a reliable cervical screening test in general population for early hrHPV detection is needed. Geographical variation in HPV genotyping result might have impacts for HPV prevalence and molecular epidemiology as the distribution in HPV genotypes should give clear information to assess the impact of HPV prophylactic vaccines.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.645-651
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• 2018

Lung cancer has the highest death rate of any cancer diseases in Koreans. However, patients often feel difficult to recognize their disease before facing the terminal diagnosis due to the absence of any significant symptoms. Furthermore, the clear detection of an early cancer stage is usually obscure with existing diagnostic methods. For this reason, extensive research efforts have been made on introducing a wide range of biochemical diagnostic tools for the molecular level analysis of biological fluids for lung cancer diagnoses. A chip-based biosensor, one type of the analytical devices, can be a great potential for the diagnosis, which can be used without any further expensive analytical equipments nor skilled analysts. In this mini review, we highlight recent research trends on searching biomarker candidates and bio-chip sensors for lung cancer diagnosis in addition to discussing their future aspects.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.98-104
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• 2014

Approximately 45% of the human genome is comprised of transposable elements (TEs). Results from the Human Genome Project have emphasized the biological importance of TEs. Many studies have revealed that TEs are not simply "junk" DNA, but rather, they play various roles in processes, including genome evolution, gene expression regulation, genetic instability, and cancer disposition. The effects of TE insertion in the genome varies from negligible to disease conditions. For the past two decades, many studies have shown that TEs are the causative factors of various genetic disorders and cancer. TEs are a subject of interest worldwide, not only in terms of their clinical aspects but also in basic research, such as evolutionary tracking. Although active TEs contribute to genetic instability and disease states, non-long terminal repeat transposons are well studied, and their roles in these processes have been confirmed. In this review, we will give an overview of the importance of TEs in studying genome evolution and genetic instability, and we suggest that further in-depth studies on the mechanisms related to these phenomena will be useful for both evolutionary tracking and clinical diagnostics.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.2697-2700
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• 2015

Background: The aim of this study was to assess cancer awareness among medical students in Saudi Arabia toward tobacco and alcohol use as risk factors. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey from October to December 2014, covering 1200 medical students, was performed. Results: Of the total, 975 (81.25%) responded. The male to female ratio was 1.00:7.125. 96/975 (9.8%) had smoked tobacco in their lifetime, and 51/975 (5.23%) were alcoholic beverage consumers. On asking them whether tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption can cause cancer, only 4/975 (0.4%) and 14/975 (1.43%) answered no for smoking and alcohol, respectively. Conclusions: The prevalence of smoking and alcohol use is very low among medical students, which might be due to high female contribution besides social stigma. The prevalence of second-hand smoke (SHS) was found to be very high in Hail region.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bioinformatics Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.272-278
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• 2004

Recently, Pepe et al. (2003) employed the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) approach to rank candidate genes from a microarray experiment that can be used for the biomarker development with the ultimate purpose of the population screening of a cancer, In the cancer microarray experiment based on n patients the researcher often wants to compare the tumor tissue with the normal tissue within the same individual using a common reference RNA. This design is referred to as a reference design or an indirect design. Ideally, this experiment produces n pairs of microarray data, where each pair consists of two sets of microarray data resulting from reference versus normal tissue and reference versus tumor tissue hybridizations. However, for certain individuals either normal tissue or tumor tissue is not large enough for the experimenter to extract enough RNA for conducting the microarray experiment, hence there are missing values either in the normal or tumor tissue data. Practically, we have $n_1$ pairs of complete observations, $n_2$ 'normal only' and $n_3$ 'tumor only' data for the microarray experiment with n patients, where n=$n_1$+$n_2$+$n_3$. We refer to this data set as a mixed data set, as it contains a mix of fully observed and partially observed pair data. This mixed data set was actually observed in the microarray experiment based on human tissues, where human tissues were obtained during the surgical operations of cancer patients. Pepe et al. (2003) provide the rationale of using ROC approach based on two independent samples for ranking candidate gene instead of using t or Mann -Whitney statistics. We first modify ROC approach of ranking genes to a paired data set and further extend it to a mixed data set by taking a weighted average of two ROC values obtained by the paired data set and two independent data sets.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.17
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• pp.7935-7941
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to implement massive parallel sequencing (MPS) technology in clinical genetics testing. We developed and tested an amplicon-based method for resequencing the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes on an Illumina MiSeq to identify disease-causing mutations in patients with hereditary breast or ovarian cancer (HBOC). The coding regions of BRCA1 and BRCA2 were resequenced in 96 HBOC patient DNA samples obtained from different sample types: peripheral blood leukocytes, whole blood drops dried on paper, and buccal wash epithelia. A total of 16 random DNA samples were characterized using standard Sanger sequencing and applied to optimize the variant calling process and evaluate the accuracy of the MPS-method. The best bioinformatics workflow included the filtration of variants using GATK with the following cut-offs: variant frequency >14%, coverage ($>25{\times}$) and presence in both the forward and reverse reads. The MPS method had 100% sensitivity and 94.4% specificity. Similar accuracy levels were achieved for DNA obtained from the different sample types. The workflow presented herein requires low amounts of DNA samples (170 ng) and is cost-effective due to the elimination of DNA and PCR product normalization steps.