• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.44 no.1
• /
• pp.49-60
• /
• 2011

This study was performed to develop a children's dietary life safety index required by the Special Act on Safety Management of Children's Dietary Life enacted in 2009. An analytical hierarchy process was used to obtain initial weights of dietary life safety evaluation indicators. The Delphi method was applied to develop the weights along with 98 food and nutrition professionals. Three representative policy indicators, nine strategy indicators, 11 main evaluation indicators, and 20 detailed evaluation indicators were selected for the children's dietary life safety assessment. Three policy indicators and nine strategy indicators were the following: children's food safety indicator (support level of children' safety, safety management level of children's favorite foods, and safety management level of institutional food service), children's nutrition safety indicator (management level of missing meals and obesity, nutrition management level of children's favorite foods, and nutrition management level of institutional food service), and children's perception and practice level indicator ("Dietary Life Law" perception level, perception, and practice level for dietary life safety management, perception, and practice level for nutrition management). Weights of 40%, 40%, and 20% were given for the three representative policy indicators. The relative importance of nine strategic indicators, which were determined by the Delphi method is as follows: For children’s food safety, support level of children's safety, safety management level of children's favorite foods, and safety management level of institutional food service were given weights of 12%, 9%, and 19%, respectively. For children's nutrition safety, the missing meals and obesity management level, nutrition management level of children's favorite foods, and the nutrition management level of institutional food service were given weights of 13%, 11%, and 16%, respectively. The "Dietary Life Law" perception level, perception and practice level of dietary life safety management, and perception and practice level of nutrition management were given weights of 4%, 7%, and 9%, respectively.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.203-211
• /
• 2010

Purpose: We aimed to test the validity of the EQ-5D (Euro-Quality of Life-5 Dimension), a brief and simple instrument, in measuring health related quality of life in the patients with osteoarthritis. Methods: 183 participants attending the education programs for osteoarthritis patients at the Health Centers located in Seoul and Gyunggi province area during the periods of June to December in 2009 were interviewed with the EQ-5D and KWOMAC (Korean version of Western Ontario and McMaster Scale). The data were analysed with Spearman correlation coefficents and t-test by using of SPSS/WIN 12.0 version. Results: There was a negative correlation between knee pain, stiffness and difficulty in usual activity of sub category items of KWOMAC and EQ-5Dindex, while there was no correlation between these categories and EQ-VAS. Moreover, as a result of comparing the score of physical function measured by KWOMAC according to the severity degree of the EQ-5Dindex, the group of advanced stage having moderate and severe symptoms reported significantly higher scores of physical function than those of groups having no health problems. Conclusion: The EQ-5D is an acceptable and valid instrument for measuring health-related quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
• /
• no.62
• /
• pp.87-116
• /
• 2016

is a manuscript written in Korean housed in Dankook University Cheonan Campus Yulgok Memorial Library Hanjeoksil (Nason Library). The book is formatted in the Seonjang style and is composed of 34 chapters without page border lines. Each page has 9 lines and the number of words in each page is unequable. The size of the book is $19.8{\times}19.3cm$. The place, the publisher, and the year of the publication of this book are unidentified. The title of the book, "hanallimjeonyila", is written on the white paper attached to the title page. is composed of one volume, which is divided into 3 parts. , <小學>, and <父母恩重經> are included in the book. deals with the general issues of good and evil and also orderly shows the real life story of 'Wang son, Lee chang-yeon, Ju hyoi, WYang chun, Wang won, and Wang bong'. is a story about a person who met the king of the underworld and took a new lease of life from the king. The book puts an emphasis on the memorization of . Considering the story of the book, is an old-style novel (Korean classical novel) which features the connection between this life and eternity with the style of and is a novel written for the purpose of guiding personal life.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.67-73
• /
• 2016

The application of titanium has been gradually rising because the utilizing ranges for low weight and high strength are rapidly increased by the need for improving the fuel economy in production industries such as the aviation and automotive in recent. The purpose in this study is to investigate the appropriate cutting conditions on the life of flat and round end mills by measuring the maximum cutting temperature relative to the machining time, and calculating the wear rates of cutting tool with the spindle speed and feed rate of vertical machining center as a parameter in the titanium roughing cut machining which is widely used in critical parts of aircraft, cars, etc. When the wetted roughing cut machining of titanium with a soluble cutting oil is conducted by the flat and round end mills, the maximum cutting temperatures for a variety of spindle speed and feed rate are measured at ten-minute intervals during 60 minutes by an infrared thermometer, and the wear rates of cutting tool are calculated by the weight ratios based on tool wear before and after the experiment. It is found that the maximum cutting temperature and the wear rates of cutting tool are raised as the cutting amount per tool edge is increased with the rise of feed rate, in this experimental range, and as the frictional area due to the rise of contacting friction numbers between tool and specimen is increased with the rises of cutting time and spindle speed. In addition, the increasing rate of maximum cutting temperature in the flat and round end mills are the highest for the cutting time from 50 to 60 minutes, and the wear rate of cutting tool in the flat end mill is 1.14 to 1.55 times higher than that in the round end mill for all experimental conditions.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.59-72
• /
• 2007

This study executed to offer the basis for dental technology student who chanced better clinical training. This investigation conducted on 267 of seniors who have been taken clinical training to self written a questionnaire. We used and dealt a spss 12.0 program. Study results below 1. In a question about relationship, one answered "Harmonious" took largest proportion by 40.9% during training, and about the degree of satisfaction of campus life who answered :normal: were the most with 50.0% 2. In a question about clinical training place, most(50.0%) choose place less than 10 for clinical training, and more than 10 for clinical training with 29.7%. Residue statues was most of them resided own home with 78.6%. About their commuting time from home to training place, 50.0% was under 30min, 34.1% took time 30$\sim$60min. 3. In a question about clinical trainer, most (34.4%) choose as dental lab president, as each part manager with 34.1%, a senior with 7.6% and not exist to clinical trainer with 7.6%. 4. A perfect score about teaching efficiency and satisfaction of clinical practice of dental technology students was 5. The average of score about satisfaction of clinical practice was 3.25 and circumstance of clinical training got 3.50 as a highest score. the lowest score was 2.87 that is about satisfaction of clinical training period. The average of score of teaching efficiency was 3.25. 'a Role model' got 3.55 as the highest score and 'utility for student' got 3.12 as the lowest 3.12. 5. The result of T-test to see of the satisfaction according to the general character and clinic training condition between teaching efficiency is that the degree of satisfaction of clinical training showed statistical significance only in the degree of satisfaction of college life(p<0.05), teaching efficiency has a statistical significance with age and satisfaction of college life(p<0.05). 6. The relation between of teaching efficiency of clinical training and satisfaction of clinical training of dental technologic student has a statistical relation r=0.551 and a statistical meaning in significance leveler 0.01.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.64-77
• /
• 2021

Objective: Biological monitoring of trace elements in human blood samples has become an important indicator of the health environment. The purpose of this study was to detect and evaluate multiple metal items in blood samples based on ICP-MS, to perform comparative evaluation with the existing analysis method, and to develop and verify a new method. Methods: 100 μL of whole blood from 80 healthy subjects was used to analyze ten metals (Sb, tAs, Cd, Pb, Mn, Hg, Mo, Ni, Se, Tl) using ICP-MS. Verification of the analysis method included calculation of linearity, accuracy, precision and detection limits. In addition, a comparative test with the conventional graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GF-AAS) method was performed. In the case of Pb, Cd, and Hg in whole blood, cross-analysis between Pb, Cd, and Hg analysis methods was performed to confirm the difference between the existing method and the new method (ICP-MS). Results: The coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.999 or higher in seven items and 0.995 or higher in three items. The Pb result showed that Pearson's correlation coefficient was very high at 0.983, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.966. The Cd result showed that Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.917 between the existing method and the new analysis concentration value. Its intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.960, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. Hg had a low correlation at 0.687, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.761, which was lower than that of Pb and Cd. The intra-day and inter-day accuracy of Pd and Cd were satisfactory, but Hg did not meet the criteria for both accuracy and precision when compared with the conventional analysis method. Conclusion: This study can be meaningful in that it proposes a more efficient and feasible analysis method by verifying a blood heavy metal concentration experiment using multiple simultaneous analyses. All samples were processed and analyzed using the new ICP-MS. It was confirmed that the agreement between the two methods was very high, with the agreement between the current and new methods being 0.769 to 0.998. This study proposes an efficient simultaneous methodology capable of analyzing multiple elements with small samples. In the future, studies of various applications and the reliability of ICP-MS analysis methods are required, and research on the verification of accurate, precise, and continuous analysis methods is required.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.349-360
• /
• 2024

Oxidative stress contributes to the onset of chronic diseases in various organs, including muscles. Morroniside, a type of iridoid glycoside contained in Cornus officinalis, is reported to have advantages as a natural compound that prevents various diseases. However, the question of whether this phytochemical exerts any inhibitory effect against oxidative stress in muscle cells has not been well reported. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate whether morroniside can protect against oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in murine C2C12 myoblasts. Our results demonstrate that morroniside pretreatment was able to inhibit cytotoxicity while suppressing H₂O₂-induced DNA damage and apoptosis. Morroniside also significantly improved the antioxidant capacity in H₂O₂-challenged C2C12 cells by blocking the production of cellular reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial superoxide and increasing glutathione production. In addition, H₂O₂-induced mitochondrial damage and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were effectively attenuated by morroniside pretreatment, inhibiting cytoplasmic leakage of cytochrome c and expression of ER stress-related proteins. Furthermore, morroniside neutralized H₂O₂-mediated calcium (Ca²⁺) overload in mitochondria and mitigated the expression of calpains, cytosolic Ca²⁺-dependent proteases. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that morroniside protected against mitochondrial impairment and Ca²⁺-mediated ER stress by minimizing oxidative stress, thereby inhibiting H₂O₂-induced cytotoxicity in C2C12 myoblasts.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.79-90
• /
• 2016

Autonomous knowledge service, a fully-automated and pervasive service for knowledge acquisition and support based on the power of recent ITs is gaining tremendous interest more and more, as not only the level of users' intelligence increases but also the maturity of IT infrastructure improves. Conventional approaches of knowledge service, however, could not satisfy users because they usually provided undesired knowledge which had been acquired without considering users' want. In other words, knowledge acquisition and distribution were separately performed. This research, therefore, suggests an amended autonomous knowledge service framework by fully-automating the whole phases of knowledge life cycle, from knowledge acquisition to distribution. ASKs, the prototype system of this research, is also implemented by defining and specifying component technologies which constituently compose suggested framework. More user-friendly and applicable way of knowledge service will be derived and facilitated through this research.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.12
• /
• pp.1035-1043
• /
• 2020

Project manager plays a very important role in the success of any project. The primary duty of the project manager is to combine the outcomes or results of the various processes and activities of project management into a systematic project management strategy or plan for the project. In the construction industry, a lack of motivation is an urgent problem for many project managers in construction and engineering projects. Lack of motivation affects the quality and productivity of jobs, reducing profits and growth for companies, businesses, contractors or organizations that rely on human resources. The reasons for this lack of motivation are diverse ranging from salary to culture to life and working environment, among others. Through surveys and data analysis using Cronbach's Alpha reliability and EFA (Exploratory Factor Analysis), our research scaled the factors affecting work motivation of project managers in the construction industry in Vietnam. The research results identified six major groups of relevant factors including (i) salary and benefits, (ii) work environment, (iii) promotion opportunities, (iv) organizational culture, (v) interest in the job, and (vi) relationship with the organization. From there, this paper contributed useful information as well as measures for businesses, companies, contractors or organizations in the construction industry.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.189-195
• /
• 2010

Excessive oral and maxillofacial bleeding causes upper airway obstruction, bronchotracheal & gastric aspiration and hypovolemic shock. Therefore, the rapid & correct bleeding control is very important for life-saving in the medical emergency room. In spite of the bleeding control methods of the wound suture & direct pressure, the postoperative bleeding can be occurred, because of the presence of various bleeding disorders & postoperative delayed wound infections. The proper care of bleeding disorders & wound infections are very important for the control of the delayed postoperative rebleeding. In spite of these methods, active oral bleeding can be presented by the other causes of head injury. A rare but particularly dangerous sort of bleeding that may have an especial importance to the patient with severe basal skull fracture that damage large vessels and even the cavernous sinus. The occurrence of profuse nasal or oropharyngeal bleeding may arise from damage to the anterior and posterior ethmoidal vessels, but when mixed with brain tissue it is evidence of mortal damage. In this condition, rapid entire oropharyngeal packing is essential for the control of active oral bleeding. This is a case report of rapid rational bleeding control method by much amount of wet gauze packings, in a 44-years-old male patient with active oropharyngeal bleeding by basal skull fractures.