• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.2775-2781
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• 2011

Urban Transit Train Radio is Radio Communication system that is used official business as leading motive for train safety running among the train crew and the central control center and drive-caring-chamber on main line and branch line. This system is operated that organizes talking path on handset of terminal after the train crew receives audio and understands call voice on speaker of terminal at calling the train of the central control center. When the central control center calls the specific train uses all call radio form, the train crew doesn't recognize the call cause the train situation, noise and action as train control. So there is a delay response cause reset call at the central control center. This research discusses the management of subway radio system and describes the call the train system that recognize train call number of all-call used between the central control center and the train crew.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.25-28
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• 2002

The advertisement call of anurans functions to attract potential mates. The dominant frequency of an advertisement call is generally getting lower with increased snout-vent length (SVL) of the caller Rana rugosa has an advertisement call tilth a particularly high frequency modulation. We conducted a playback experiment to verify the function of frequency modulation, and investigated the territorial behavior of the frog. The frog has five types of territory defense strategy. Strategy choice depended on the caller's SVL. Small males became satellites or lowered the dominant frequency of their advertisement call, whereas large males actively defended their territory with encounter calls. In response to high frequency (1107 Hz) playback, the frogs lowered their advertisement call frequency, and towered them further in response to the low frequency (1028 Hz) playback. In addition, the number of pulses in a call was increased in response to the playback. These results indicate that the frog avoids physical conflict with competitors by selecting a territory defense strategy suitable for the caller's size, and by lowering its call frequency to disguise its SVL.

• 산업공학
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.168-179
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• 1996

Automatic repeated recalling from individual computing equipments such as PC and workstations, to access ATM networks may result in call overload to networks. Call overload causes to waste network resources and fail to meet user call processing QoS requirements. We evaluate two call connection request methods: the back-off recall method(BRM) which makes recall with random waiting time after rejection, and the direct recall method(DRM) which repeats call connection request whenever call request is rejected. We evaluate their performances by simulation and it shows that as the total number of attached terminals to each access node increases, BRM performs better than DRM in terms of the call acceptance level and effective network bandwidth utilization.

• 한국통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통신학회 1987년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.67-71
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• 1987

No 1A ESS must operate in real time. Call processing capacity is the maximm number of originating plus incoming calls which the processor can process in some fixed interval of real time shile all service criteria have been satisfied. In this paper. we discuss the postcutower method of determining call processing capacity of No 1A ESS which can be applicable to an in service office and explain the usuage mithod of estimated call processing capacity of No 1A ESS in service

• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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• 제2권11호
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• pp.1373-1382
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• 2001

이동통신 텔레트래픽 모델은 Network Traffic 모델과 Traffic Source 모델이라는 두 개의 하부모델로 구성된다. 본 논문에서는 기지국이 설치되어 있는 지역 특성을 고려한 traffic source 모델을 제시하고, 이동통신 트래픽 시뮬레이터인 MobCall을 구현하였다. MobCall은 사용자 이동성을 각 지역별 차량 평균 속도와 수송분담율을 적용하고 있다. 구현된 MobCall을 이용하여 서울 도심 주거지역과 상업지역에서의 누적 발생 호 수, 교통량에 따른 핸드오프 율, 고속도로에서의 핸드오프 율, 그리고 호 점유 시간 변화에 따른 핸드오프 율을 결과로 제시하였다. MobCall은 기지국에서 사용자 호 패턴에 따른 동적 핸드오프 버퍼링과 같은 기능적 요소를 설계 단계에서 고려할 수 있다.

• 전자공학회논문지S
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• 제35S권3호
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• pp.39-46
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• 1998

In the FDMA and TDMA Cellular Systems, call blocking rise when frewquence slots andtime slots are used to ther users. Otherwise, in the CDMA cellular systems, call locking arises when interference level is above 10dB according to call of other users. System capacity is defined to be Erlang capacity that is the number of users when CDMA blocking probability is 1% or 2%. Users number corresponded channel number of AMPS and TDMA cellular systems. In this paper, we proposed new reuse-fraction using square of interference poser and obtained Erlang capacity for reverse link of CDMA cellular system with bit rate $R_{b}$, 9.6kbps and 14.4kbps. As a results, Erlange capacity of CDMA system have more 20.7 and 5.5 times than AMPS and TDMA system and have more form 1 to 4 Erlang thatn Viterbi and Padovani obtaned.d.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2013

This research investigates the supply chain contract between a distributor and a supplier in which the selling period is relatively short in comparison with long production lead time. At the first stage, supplier who is a Stackelberg leader offers the distributor a contract with a set of parameters, and subjected to those parameters, the distributor places the number of initial orders as well as options. In order to purchase the option, the distributor pays non-linear option premium price with respect to the number of purchased options. At the second stage, based on realized demand, the distributor has the right to exercise option as either put or call which is limited up to the number of purchased options. The wholesale price contract is used as a benchmarking contract. This research has confirmed that the supply chain contract with a non-linear option premium price can help to coordinate the supply chain.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제6권8호
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• pp.2188-2195
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 퍼지 패턴 추정기를 구성하여 신경망 학습시에 훈련되지 않은 새로운 종류의 호가 발생할 때, 재학습을 하지 않고 그 호의 수락/거절을 효과적으로 행할 수 있는 IFVQ-NNCA(Inverse Fuzzy Vectorquantizer-Neural Networks Call Admission Control)를 제안한다. 이 방식은 연결을 요구하는 호의 입력 트래픽 패턴이 발생하면, 그 입력패턴은 수락/거절 표준패턴(코드북), 퍼지 소속 함수값, 그리고 FCM(Fuzzy-C-Means) 연산을 이용하여 학습화한 패턴을 발생한 후, 그 패턴을 신경망의 입력으로 하여 호 수락/거절을 결정한다. 이 방식은 셀 스트림의 평균과 분산값을 트래픽 파라메터로 사용함으로써 트래픽 모델과는 무관한 호 수락제어가 가능하며, 입력패턴(프레임별 관측패턴)과 표준패턴의 멤버쉽 함수값을 CAC에 신고하는 트래픽 파라케터로 사용하는 새로운 방법이다. 신경망은 오류 역전파 알고리즘을 사용하여 표준패턴으로 학습한다. 시뮬레이션을 통하여 기존의 신경망 방식과 제안된 방식의 Fuzziness 값의 설정에 따른 호 수락/거절 오류를 비교하여 제안된 방식이 우수함을 보였다.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2008

본 논문은 BcN(Broadband convergence Network)에서 IMS(IP Multimedia Subsystem)기반 멀티미디어 서비스를 제공함에 있어 세션 제어를 담당하는 CSCF(Call Session Control Function)의 호 처리 성능을 분석한 것이다. 지금까지 SIP기반의 음성 서비스의 호/세션 관련된 성능분석은 연구되고 있으나 IMS기반 멀티미디어 서비스의 호 처리 성능 분석에 대한 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 M/M/1을 적용한 큐잉 모델과 OPNET 시뮬레이션을 통해 CSCF의 처리 용량과 가입자 수를 변화시키면서 IMS의 세션 설정 절차에 따른 호 설정 지연 시간을 측정하였다. 그 결과 총 사용자의 세션 설정 요구율이 CSCF 처리 용량의 13%이상일 경우에는 급격한 지연 증가가 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 성능 분석을 통해 세션 설정 지연 허용값에 맞는 CSCF의 용량과 가능한 사용자 수를 계산할 수 있을 것이다.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.215-228
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to figure out that Facilitation education can affect significant improvement in sales staff's understanding of precise pharmacokinetics, benefits, safety, and side effects, etc. and eventually lead to increase in call after taking courses. Methods: Data utilized in this study was collected from 413 sales staffs who completed Facilitation course for 5 months. This study used statistical methodologies, paired t-test, exploratory factor analysis, and logistic regression model in order to identify change in Call and after Facilitation courses. Results: The result shows that there are statistically significant increases in CALL quality after Facilitation courses based on the result of pared t-test. Moreover, Facilitation education is more effective in average time of one-time detail than average number of visits per day and average number of doctors per day from the result of logistic regression. Conclusions: In order for MR in pharmaceutical company to improve CALL quality, the education for precise pharmacokinetics, benefits, safety, and side effects is necessary. In addition, various professional training required for detail, including disease education, Selling Skills education, and literacy education are essential. Therefore, Facilitation education would be desirable choice in terms of pharmaceutical marketing strategy.