• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to predict measuring site suited for abdominal skin fold thickness (ASFT) by measuring the distribution of abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness (AScFT) and ascertain the correlations among obesity indicators. Methods: The size of analysis materials was 124 secondary data measured by ultrasonic device, bioelectrical impedance analyzer and caliper. Data were analyzed using t-test, and Pearson's correlation. Results: The average of AScFT was 10.63± 6.79mm with its range 1.39-36.16 mm, and AScFT of female and of central parts were thicker than those of male and outer parts in the abdomen. The average of ASFT was 29.26±12.59 mm. Site 5 on Figure 1 was most similar to the average of AScFT in both sexes. Body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ratio (WHR) were 23.65±3.98 and 0.88±0.05 respectively. The body weight, BMI, WHR, visceral fat, ASFT vs AScFT revealed in significant correlation (r= .29, r= .55, r= .39, r= .33. r= .29). Conclusion: BMI and WHR seem more useful than other obesity indicators, when obesity control is necessary for Type 2 diabetes patients. Site 5 on Figure 1 is most suitable site to measure ASFT.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.13-23
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to inquire about the effects of individual tray design and impression method on the border extension and contour of denture. 10 students at the dentistry college who have normal occlusion and symmetric facial form and normal facial muscle activity were selected. The tray was designed three types (large, medium, small tray). After border molding was done by dentist and operator, final impression was taken. The length of impression body and width of border were measured by a vernier caliper on the cast. The obtained results were as follows : 1. As the tray border was shortened, the length of impression body and width of border was short (P<0.01). 2. When the impression was taken with the small tray, the length of impression body was short in passive border molding than active border molding. 3. When the medium tray was used, the width of impression body was short in passive border molding than active border molding.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.165-173
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• 1988

The purpose of this study was to investigate and evaluate what proportion is the characteristics in Korean dental arches with normal occlusion. Many others have already indicated Golden proportion in normal dental arches, but have not considered any racial and sociocultural differences. So the author postulated $(\sqrt{2})^n$ relations in Koreans. The materials were consisted of 134 dental casts with normal occlusion, which have never undergone orthodontic and prosthodontic procedures. Measurements were made on the arch dimensions using sliding caliper and data were computerized. The findings were as follows: 1. The width between the distal surfaces of the upper centrals, had $(\sqrt{2})^3$ relation with the width between the buccal surfaces of the upper 1 st premolars in Koreans. 2. The width between the distal surfaces of the lower laterals had $(\sqrt{2})$ relation with the width between the distal surfaces of the lower canines, and had $(\sqrt{2})^2$ relation with the distal surfaces of the upper centrals. 3. The width between the distal surfaces of the lower centrals had $(\sqrt{2})^2$ relation with the width between the distal surfaces of the lower laterals, and had $(\sqrt{2})^3$ relation with the width between the distal surfaces of the upper centrals.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2020

The luxury car market has been steadily growing for the last 10 years and it might keep expanding in the future. Furthermore, it is expected to be a very competitive market because luxury cars are considred to reflect the technology level of motor companies. For this reason, it is very important for motor companies to improve performances of luxury vehicles. However, it takes years for the companies to increase the technology level for the high performances. In this paper, we aim to analyze the technologies for high quality brake perfomances through investigation of two luxury vehicle models and develop a new high performance brake system. First, we found out a variety of effective factors for the high performances. Second, we conducted the brake performance analysis to figure out the relationship between brake effort and brake feeling. Finally, we develped the new brake system using carbon ceramic composite materials to satisfy the high quality brake performances.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.695-702
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• 2002

Groundwater flow is primarily influenced by the presence of fractures, functioning as conduits. To block the flow, grouting operation is commonly used. Thereby the fractures are then expected to be sealed, which will add to enhance the shear strength in rock. This far, regarding the assessment of grouting efficiency, however, there's been a considerable uncertainty That is, several geophysical methods of high resolution such as tomography, S-wave logging have produced a significant amount of measurable response caused by grouting, but they can inevitably be used only for the qualitative assessment. Thus, this paper deals with an accurate quantitative assessment about the grouting result. In this, a new strategy is introduced, based mainly on evaluating the opening of fractures. For fracture-opening investigation purposes, borehole Televiewer has already proven to be an excellent logging technique that produces both amplitude image and traveltime image. As well known, the traveltime image can be converted to a high precision 3D caliper log with max. 288 arms, which allows to observe the opening of fractures. To evaluate the fracture opening from the traveltime image, an algorithm of practical use was developed, in which image correction due to the borehole deviation, feature discrimination of wall roughness from fractures, automatic evaluation procedure etc. were considered. Field examples are shown to confirm the efficiency of the suggested method.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.520-526
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• 2016

Squeal noise is a typical brake noise that is annoying to both passengers and pedestrians. Its frequency range is fairly wide from 1 kHz to 18 kHz, which can be distressful to people. The brake squeal noise occurs due to various mechanisms, such as the mode coupling of the brake system, self-excited vibration, unstable wear, and others. In this study, several parameters involved in the generation of a squeal noise are investigated experimentally by using a brake noise dynamometer. The speed, caliper pressure, torque, and friction coefficient are measured as functions of time on the dynamometer. The contact pressure and temperature distributions of the disc and the pad are also measured by using a thermal imaging camera and a pressure mapping system. As a result of the simultaneous measurement of the friction coefficient and squeal amplitude as functions of the velocity, it is found that the onset of the squeal may be predicted from the ${\mu}-v$ curve. It is also found that a non-uniform contact pressure causes instability and, in turn, a squeal. Based on the analysis results, design modifications of the pad are suggested for improved noise characteristics.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2016

The EWB(electronic wedge brake) is one in which the braking force is developed in a wedge and caliper system and applied to a disk and wedge mechanism. The advantage of the wedge structure is that it produces self-reinforcing effect and hence, utilizes minimal motor power, resulting in reduced gear and current. The extent of use of clamping force sensors and protection from failure of the EWB system directly depends on the level of vehicle mass production. This study investigated the mathematical equations, simulation modeling, and failsafe control algorithm for the clamping force sensor of the EWB and validated the simulations. As this EWB system modeling can be applied to motor inductance, resistance, screw inertia, stiffness, and wedge mass and angle, this study could improve the accuracy of simulation of the EWB. The simulation results demonstrated the braking force, motor speed, and current of the EWB system when the driver desired to the step and pulse the brake force inputs. Moreover, this paper demonstrated that the proposed failsafe control algorithm accurately detects faults in the clamping force sensor, if any.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2001년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.2190-2192
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• 2001

가스 배관 진단 시스템은 배관 내부에 삽입되어 배관 내에 주입된 가스에 의해 추진되는 시스템으로 배관의 건설, 유지, 보수, 해체 등의 작업을 위한 여러 정보를 수집한다. 배관 진단을 위한 대표적인 센서로는 배관 내부의 찌그러짐(dent)과 주름(wrinkle)의 형태 및 크기를 측정하는 캘리퍼(caliper) 센서와 배관 외부의 파손을 측정하는 MFL(Magnetic Flus Leakage) 센서 그리고 배관 내의 환경 정보를 측정하기 위한 온도 센서와 압력 센서가 있다. 이러한 센서들로 수집된 정보를 활용하기 위해서는 정확한 위치 정보가 필요하므로 IMU(Inertial Measurement Unit)와 주행 거리계를 사용하는 결합 항법 시스템도 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 가스 배관 진단 시스템을 위한 항법 데이터 저장 시스템을 개발한다. 배관 진단 시스템의 특성상 일반적인 측정 센서는 700Hz 이상의 주기로 측정되고 항법 정보는 100Hz 주기 이상으로 측정되며 배관 내 이동 시간은 2시간에서 24시간 이상으로 다양하므로 많은 데이터를 효율적으로 저장할 수 있어야 한다. 따라서 데이터 저장 장치로는 DAT를 사용하게 되며 많은 센서 데이터를 실시간으로 저장하기 위해서 마스터-슬레이브 구조를 갖는 멀티 프로세서 구성을 이용한 항법 데이터 저장 시스템을 설계 제작하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2013년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.94-98
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• 2013

Transfer Path Analysis (TPA) is commonly used, by car makers and parts suppliers, analysis process to root the cause of NVH problems. In general, TPA is an analyzing technique to find the contributing factors of noise/vibration problems, and their transfer path in vehicle. However, not only TPA is used to analyze the source of NVH problems but also is used to predict NVH performance prior to the proto vehicle, or to set the development target for next new vehicle. Automotive parts manufacturing companies have to set NVH performance target when developing new systems just as car makers have NVH target set for new vehicle. Nevertheless, most of components are currently being developed based on subjective evaluation without an objective target. To judge the suitability of using TPA to set NVH target of electric parking brake, this research analyzed the transfer path by setting them in two points of view; Chassis Module and Electric Parking Brake, and comparing the measured value and calculated value. From this result, NVH target of electric parking brake will be approached in level of vehicle, system and component.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.820-825
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• 2004

This paper deals with friction-induced vibration of disc brake system under constant friction coefficient. A linear, finite element parameter model to represent the floating caliper disc brake system is proposed. The complex eigenvalues are used to investigate the dynamic stability and in order to verify simulations which are based on the FEM model, the experimental modal test and the dynamometer test are performed. The comparison of experimental and simulation results shows a good agreement and the analysis indicates that mode coupling due to friction force is responsible for disc brake squeal. And squeal type instability is investigated by using the parametric rotor simulation. This indicates parameters which have influence on the propensity of brake squeal. This helped to validate the FEM model and establish confidence in the simulation results. Also they may be useful during real disk brake model.