• 산업기술연구
• /
• 제20권A호
• /
• pp.279-283
• /
• 2000

Lime is one of the world's most useful chemicals and manufactured in various types of kilns, using various fuels. Quicklimes vary in reactivity with water due to variations in the time and temperature calcining process and type of kiln used. Careful attention and control of time and temperature in the calcining process is necessary to insure a highly reactive lime. Excess time and temperature will cause the lime to be over burned. The highest reactivity of quicklime is obtained by calcination of limestone in the particle size of 0.1cm~2cm, calcination temperature of $1000^{\circ}C$, calcination time 90min. It was found by the scanning electron microscopes that pores of quick lime is reducted if the soft burned quick lime is heated continually.

• 한국분말재료학회지
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.184-191
• /
• 1998

The fabrication process and properties of SiC particulate preforms with high volume fraction above 50% were investigated. The SiC particulate preforms were fabricated by vacuum-assisted extraction method after wet mixing of SiC particulates of 48 ${\mu}m$ in diameter, $SiO_2$ as inorganic binder, cationic starch as organic binder and polyacrylamide as dispersant in distilled water. The SiC particulate preforms were consolidated by vacuum-assisted extraction, and were followed by drying and calcination. The drying processes were consisted with natural drying at $25^{\circ}C$ for 36 hrs and forced drying at 10$0^{\circ}C$ for 12 hrs in order to prevent the micro-cracking of SiC particulates preform. The compressive strengths of SiC particulate preforms were dependent on the inorganic binder content, calcination temperature and calcination time. The compressive strength of SiC preform increased from 0.47 MPa to 1.79 MPa with increasing the inorganic binder content from 1% to 4% due to the increase of $SiO_2$ flocculant between the interfaces of SiC particulates. The compressive strength of SiC preform increased from 0.90 MPa to 3.21 MPa with increasing the calcination temperatures from 800 to 120$0^{\circ}C$ under identical calcination time of 4hrs. The compressive strength of SiC preform increased from 0.92 to 1.95 MPa with increasing the calcination time from 2 hrs to f hrs at calcination temperature of 110$0^{\circ}C$. The increase of compressive strength of SiC preform with increasing the calcination temperature and time is due to the formation of crystobalite $SiO_2$ phase at the interfaces of SiC particulates.

• 환경위생공학
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.95-101
• /
• 2000

This study was investigated to the reaction of alumina sintering with alkaline. The soluble $NaAlO_2$ was made after the commercial ${\alpha}-Al_2O_3$ was calcinated with NaOH. The reaction of alumina was carried out to be based on the effects of calcination temperature, time, and the mixing ratio of ${\alpha}-Al_2O_3/NaOH$. The alumina was calcined over $500^{\circ}C$ with NaOH powder after it was sieved with 170/270 mesh. The calcined alumina with NaOH powder was dissolved into $25^{\circ}C$ distilled water and filtrated, and HCI was added to adapt pH 6.5~7.5. The residue was separated with vacuum pump for filtration after it was adapted to proper pH, and aluminum compound was precipitated with $Al(OH)_3$. The investigation was carried out with the variables; the calcination temperature($500-900^{\circ}C$), the calcination time (30~90 min), and the concentration of HCI when leaching(0.5~3.0N) respectively. In this investigation, the main product of ${\alpha}-Al_2O_3$ and NaOH was $NaAlO_2$ and the maximum conversion ratio was 91.4% under the optimum conditions as followed ; the ratio of NaOH/${\alpha}-Al_2O_3$ was 1.5 and the calcination conditions were $800^{\circ}C$ and 90 min.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제49권5호
• /
• pp.454-460
• /
• 2012

The nano-sized zirconia powders were synthesized in an impregnation method using pulp and $ZrOCl_2{\cdot}8H_2O$ as an initial material. The synthesized powders were characterized by XRD and FE-SEM. The particle size of the powder was controlled by preparation conditions, such as drying temperature and time. As a result of the various drying and calcination conditions, 30~50 nm sized homogeneous zirconia particles were obtained at $800^{\circ}C$ for 1 h. Crystallization and the rapid growth of particles were accelerated with increasing calcination temperature and time. Tetragonal phase generated below $800^{\circ}C$ were transferred to monoclinic phase with increasing calcination temperature and time. Moreover, above $800^{\circ}C$, heat treatment time had very large influence on the particle growth, and the change of drying condition also had large influence on the growth of a crystal.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.65-73
• /
• 2015

하수슬러지는 도시 하수처리시설이나 공단 폐수종말처리시설 등에서 배출되는 유기성 슬러지로서 높은 함수상태 (70-80%)와 중금속, 다량의 유기물 등으로부터 그 처리 및 재활용에 큰 제약이 되고 있으며, 아직까지 효과적인 방법이 없다. 이에 본 연구에서는 경제성 및 2차 환경오염 방지 차원의 보다 근본적인 하수슬러지 처리 및 자원화 기술개발의 기초연구로서, 특정 온도범위($650{\sim}800^{\circ}C$)내로 열처리하고 소정의 분말도로 조정된 소성하수슬러지의 포졸란 반응 활성도와 그 영향인자를 분석하여 콘크리트용 혼화재료로서의 활용 가능성을 검토하고자 수행되었다. 본 연구의 수산화칼슘(알칼리 활성제)을 이용한 소성하수슬러지 혼입 모르타르의 압축강도 발현특성 및 수화생성물 분석결과는 재령에 따른 소성하수슬러지의 포졸란 반응 활성을 명백히 보여주었으며, 기존 콘크리트용 혼화재인 플라이애쉬나 고로슬래그미분말과 비교해 볼 때, 콘크리트용 혼화재로서의 활용가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.143-148
• /
• 2007

본 연구는 대부분 매립 처분되고 있는 굴패각을 소성가공을 통한 약상 칼슘제 추출을 목적으로 굴패각의 이화화적인 특성과 열적특성 및 소성가구 후 패각의 특성 등 액상 칼슘제 추출을 위한 기초연구를 수행한 결과 굴패각 분쇄시 입자특성은 시료에 따라 입경의 차이가 큰 자이가 나타났으며, 소성온도에 따른 특성변화는 소성온도가 높을수록, 소성시산이 경과 할수록 무게감소량이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 또한 칼슘함량은 소성신간이 경과 할수록, 소성온도가 높을수록 칼슘함량이 증가하는 것으로 나타나 소성온도가 높고, 분말의 입자크기를 작게 할수록 소성가공이 가장 효율적인 것으로 나타났다. 아울러 소성가공된 패각은 식물이 이용할 수 있는 양이온치환능력(CEC) 함량이 30~60배까지 증가하는 하는 것으로 나타나 소성 가공된 굴패각을 식물에 유익한 영양소원으로 재활용 가능한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국기계연구소 소보
• /
• 통권20호
• /
• pp.65-70
• /
• 1990

The $Y_2 BaCuO_5$ phase was synthesized under various calcination temperatures and sintered. The $Y_2 BaCuO_5$ phase strarted to form at $850^{\circ}C$ for 6hours calcination time and, at $1000^{\circ}C$, all the X-ray diffraction peaks corresponded to $Y_2 BaCuO_5$. The sintered density of $Y_2 BaCuO_5$ was increased to 97 % of its theoretical density by the control of calcination temperature.

• 환경위생공학
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2002

The Purpose of this study is to reduce environmental problems caused by landfill of bituminous coal fly ash emitted from the power plant and to reuse it. First of all, we experimented that Al and Si elements were extracted from fly ash and investigated that extracted Al and Si elements night use a coagulant. The extraction was carried out under various conditions ; concentration of the extraction solution, calcination temperature and calcination time. As the results, it was found that the optimum conditions of the extraction of Al and Si elements from fly ash were as follows, concentration of NaOH was 5N for both of them, calcination temperature was $700^{\circ}C$ and $600^{\circ}C$ and calcination time was 1hr and 1.5hr, respectively The extracted solution was used as a coagulant to treat the diluted metal-plating solutions which contained Pb and Cu, respectively. As the result of treatment on the diluted Pb-plating solution with 315NTU, the removal efficiency of turbidity was more than 90%, and the removal efficiency of Pb was about 80%. As for treatment of the non-turbid diluted Cu-plating solution, the removal efficiency of Cu was about 98%.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제31권11호
• /
• pp.1378-1386
• /
• 1994

The characteristic of calcined BaTiO3 powder and sintered PTC ceramics was investigated varing with calcination temperature and time of BaTiO(C2O4)2.4H2O synthesized from BaCl2.2H2O, TiCl4, oxalic acid and ethanol by oxalic acid method. When the particle size was less than 0.1 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ by controlling calcination temperature and time, the resistance at room temperature was measured very high (above M{{{{ OMEGA }}). However, when the calcined particle sizes ranged from 0.2 to 0.3 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$, the resistance was 100 {{{{ OMEGA }} (After sintering, the grain size was 10~30 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ homogeneously with the addition of dopant in sintering, the resistivity, resistance, $\alpha$ value and jumped to were 110{{{{ OMEGA }}.cm, 24$^{\circ}C$/% and 106{{{{ OMEGA }}, respectively.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제32권6호
• /
• pp.719-725
• /
• 1995

ZST powders were synthesized by coprecipitation of (Zr4+, Ti4+)-hydroxide in the presence of SnO2 particles. Zn(NO3)2 was used as a sintering additive, and according to the adding sequence, sintering and dielectric properties were investigated. Sintered densities of ZST prepared by adding Zn(NO3)2 before calcination were a little higher than those added after calcination, and dielectric properties of the specimen added by Zn(NO3)2 after calcination were better (sintered at 125$0^{\circ}C$/2 h ; Q$\times$f(GHz)=49, 000, $\varepsilon$r=41) than before calcination (Q$\times$f(GHz)=42, 000, $\varepsilon$r=39.5). Through the observation of TEM, it was identified that the cause was due to the difference of the degree of Zn2+ diffusion into grains. With increasing sintering time from 2 to 8 hrs, grain size was doubled and dielectric properties were somewhat deteriorated.