• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제74권2호
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• pp.157-173
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• 2020

In the finite element modelling of long-span cable-stayed bridges, there are a lot of uncertainties brought about by the complex structural configuration, material behaviour, boundary conditions, structural connections, etc. In order to reduce the discrepancies between the theoretical finite element model and the actual static and dynamic behaviour, updating is indispensable after establishment of the finite element model to provide a reliable baseline version for further analysis. Traditional sensitivity-based updating methods cannot support updating based on static and dynamic measurement data at the same time. The finite element model is required in every optimization iteration which limits the efficiency greatly. A convenient but accurate Kriging surrogate model for updating of the finite element model of cable-stayed bridge is proposed. First, a simple cable-stayed bridge is used to verify the method and the updating results of Kriging model are compared with those using the response surface model. Results show that Kriging model has higher accuracy than the response surface model. Then the method is utilized to update the model of a long-span cable-stayed bridge in Hong Kong. The natural frequencies are extracted using various methods from the ambient data collected by the Wind and Structural Health Monitoring System installed on the bridge. The maximum deflection records at two specific locations in the load test form the updating objective function. Finally, the fatigue lives of the structure at two cross sections are calculated with the finite element models before and after updating considering the mean stress effect. Results are compared with those calculated from the strain gauge data for verification.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2006년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.759-763
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• 2006

Cable Stayed Bridge is mainly composed of three element. Composed element are cable. stiffening girder and Pylon. The characteristic of bridge's behavior depend on these three element's relative stiffness, shape and system of bridge. The purpose of this paper is to exame the characteristic of bridge's behavior and buckling strength of stiffening girder according to shape and flexure stiffness of pylon

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.491-522
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• 2016

A benchmark problem for modal identification of a cable-stayed bridge was proposed by a research team at Hong Kong Polytechnic University. By taking an instrumented cable-stayed bridge as a test bed, nineteen sets of vibration records with known/unknown excitations were provided to invited researchers. In this paper, the vibration responses of the bridge under a series of excitation conditions are examined to estimate the wind and traffic-induced variations of its dynamic characteristics. Firstly, two output-only experimental modal identification methods are selected. Secondly, the bridge and its monitoring system are described and the nineteen sets of vibration records are analyzed in time-domain and frequency-domain. Excitations sources of blind datasets are predicted based on the analysis of excitation conditions of known datasets. Thirdly, modal parameters are extracted by using the two selected output-only modal identification methods. The identified modal parameters are examined with respect to at least two different conditions such as traffic- and typhoon-induced loadings. Finally, the typhoon-induced effects on dynamic characteristics of the bridge are estimated by analyzing the relationship between the wind velocity and the modal parameters.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.253-273
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• 2016

Ice accretions on stay cables may result in the instable vibration of galloping, which would affect the safety of cable-stayed bridges. A large number of studies have investigated the galloping vibrations of transmission lines. However, the obtained aerodynamics in transmission lines cannot be directly applied to the stay cables on cable-stayed bridges. In this study, linear and nonlinear single degree-of-freedom models were introduced to obtain the critical galloping wind velocity of iced stay cables where the aerodynamic lift and drag coefficients were identified in the wind tunnel tests. Specifically, six ice shapes were discussed using section models with geometric scale 1:1. The results presented obvious sudden decrease regions of the aerodynamic lift coefficient for all six test models. Numerical analyses of iced stay cables associated to a medium-span cable-stayed bridge were carried out to evaluate the potential galloping instability. The obtained nonlinear critical wind velocity for a 243-meter-long stay cable is much lower than the design wind velocity. The calculated linear critical wind velocity is even lower. In addition, numerical analyses demonstrated that increasing structural damping could effectively mitigate the galloping vibrations of iced stay cables.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.483-499
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• 2014

Most of the methods presented in the literature to define the target service stresses (Objective Service Stage, OSS) of cable-stayed bridges rarely include the time-dependent phenomena effects. Nevertheless, especially in concrete structures, this assumption might be on the unsafe side because time-dependent phenomena usually modify service stresses. To fill this gap, this paper studies the time-dependent phenomena effects into service stresses of concrete cable-stayed bridges. After illustrating the important role of these phenomena in an asymmetrical cable-stayed bridge without backstay, a new method to include their effects into the OSS is presented. An important issue to be considered in this method is the target time in which the OSS is defined to be achieved. The application of this method to two different structures showed the convenience of defining the OSS to be achieved at early times because that way the envelope of service stresses is reduced.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.441-453
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• 2008

In this study, a partially earth-anchored cable system is studied in order to reduce the dynamic wind response of cable-stayed bridges. The employment of earth-anchored cables changes the dynamic characteristics of cable-stayed bridges under wind loads. In order to estimate the changes in the member forces, the spectral analysis for wind buffeting loads are performed and the peak responses are evaluated using 3-D finite element models of the three-span cable-stayed bridges with the partially earth-anchored cable system and with the self-anchored cable system, respectively. Comparing the results for the two different models, it is found that the earth-anchored cables affect longitudinal and vertical modes of the bridge. The changes of the natural frequencies for the longitudinal modes remarkably decrease the peak bending moment in the pylon and the movements at the expansion joints. The small changes of the natural frequencies for the vertical modes slightly increase bending moments and deflections in the girder. The original effects of the partially earth-anchored cable system are also shown under wind loads; the decrement of girder axial forces and bearing uplifting forces, and the increment of cable forces in the earth-anchored cables.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2007

강사장교의 거더와 주탑은 축력과 모멘트를 동시에 받는 보-기둥 부재이기 때문에 단일 힘을 고려하는 일반도로교의 내하율 산정식은 강사장교의 거더와 주탑에 적용할 수 없다. 현재, 사장교의 거더와 주탑에 적용 가능한 이론적인 내하율 산정방법은 아직 정립되지 않았다. 본 논문에서는 축력과 모멘트를 동시에 받는 부재의 상관공식을 적용하여 강사장교 거더와 주탑의 내하율을 산정하기 위한 식을 제안하였다. 영향선해석을 수행하여 각 부재에 압축력 최대, 정 및 부모멘트 최대의 경우에 활하중 재하 형태를 결정하였고 각 부재의 내하율 산정절차를 정리하였다. 제안된 내하율 산정방법의 타당성을 검증하기 위하여 실교량 모델인 돌산대교에 대한 적용예를 제시하였다. 일반도로교의 내하율 산정식은 돌산대교 거더와 주탑의 내하율을 과대평가 하였으며, 제안된 내하율 산정식은 축력과 모멘트를 동시에 지지하는 사장교 거더와 주탑의 거동을 적절히 반영하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2005

본 논문은 사장교에서 모니터링 시스템을 통해 획득한 가속도 자료를 이용하여 케이블 관리기준 장력을 결정하기 위한 방법을 제시한다. 현재 한국의 많은 장대교량에 모니터링 시스템이 설치되어 있다. 모니터링 시스템은 교량의 이상현상이나 손상을 진단하고 관리주체에 경고하기 위해 설치된다. 사장교에 있어서는 그 기하학적인 형상 때문에 케이블 장력이 교량 이상징후의 중요한 지시가 될 수 있다. 만약 케이블 장력관리치가 너무 높거나 또는 너무 낮게 설정되면, 모니터링 시스템은 교량의 이상징후를 적절하게 경고하지 못할 것이다. 일반적으로, 관리치는 경험이나 공학적 판단에 의해 결정된다. 그러나 본 논문에서는 케이블 장력에 대한 확률분포모형과 신뢰성 해석에 기초한 새로운 케이블 장력관리치 설정에 대한 방법을 제시한다. 제안된 방법은 적용성 검토를 위하여 실제 콘크리트 사장교에 적용되었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.637-655
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• 2012

In this study, stochastic responses of a cable-stayed bridge subjected to the spatially varying earthquake ground motion are investigated by the finite element method taking into account soil-structure interaction (SSI) effects. The considered bridge in the analysis is Quincy Bay-view Bridge built on the Mississippi River in between 1983-1987 in Illinois, USA. The bridge is composed of two H-shaped concrete towers, double plane fan type cables and a composite concrete-steel girder deck. In order to determine the stochastic response of the bridge, a two-dimensional lumped masses model is considered. Incoherence, wave-passage and site response effects are taken into account for the spatially varying earthquake ground motion. Depending on variation in the earthquake motion, the response values of the cable-stayed bridge supported on firm, medium and soft foundation soil are obtained, separately. The effects of SSI on the stochastic response of the cable-stayed bridge are also investigated including foundation as a rigidly capped vertical pile groups. In this approach, piles closely grouped together beneath the towers are viewed as a single equivalent upright beam. The soil-pile interaction is linearly idealized as an upright beam on Winkler foundation model which is commonly used to study the response of single piles. A sufficient number of springs on the beam should be used along the length of the piles. The springs near the surface are usually the most important to characterize the response of the piles surrounded by the soil; thus a closer spacing may be used in that region. However, in generally springs are evenly spaced at about half the diameter of the pile. The results of the stochastic analysis with and without the SSI are compared each other while the bridge is under the sway of the spatially varying earthquake ground motion. Specifically, in case of rigid towers and soft soil condition, it is pointed out that the SSI should be significantly taken into account for the design of such bridges.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2004년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.210-217
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• 2004

Developed is the new program that the reliability analysis can be performed more effectively considering the correlation of structural members about the cable stayed bridge. This program is formulated the stochastic finite element method suitable for the reliability analysis and the new safety evaluation method is proposed which is different from the existing one by the deterministic method or MCS response analysis. After conducting the initial equilibrium analysis of cable stayed bridges, the stochastic finite element is formulated through the perturbation method and the reliability analysis considering the correlation of stochastic variables is conducted. The results in various types of cable stayed bridge show that the probability of failure considering the correlation is larger than the non-correlation. The fan system is more stable than other systems at the structural response and the probability failure.