• Clinical Endoscopy
• /
• v.56 no.3
• /
• pp.340-352
• /
• 2023

Background/Aims: Colonic volvulus (CV), a common cause of bowel obstruction, often requires intervention. We aimed to identify hospitalization trends and CV outcomes in the United States. Methods: We used the National Inpatient Sample to identify all adult CV hospitalizations in the United States from 2007 to 2017. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and inpatient outcomes were highlighted. Outcomes of endoscopic and surgical management were compared. Results: From 2007 to 2017, there were 220,666 CV hospitalizations. CV-related hospitalizations increased from 17,888 in 2007 to 21,715 in 2017 (p<0.001). However, inpatient mortality decreased from 7.6% in 2007 to 6.2% in 2017 (p<0.001). Of all CV-related hospitalizations, 13,745 underwent endoscopic intervention, and 77,157 underwent surgery. Although the endoscopic cohort had patients with a higher Charlson comorbidity index, we noted lower inpatient mortality (6.1% vs. 7.0%, p<0.001), mean length of stay (8.3 vs. 11.8 days, p<0.001), and mean total healthcare charge ($68,126 vs. $106,703, p<0.001) compared to the surgical cohort. Male sex, increased Charlson comorbidity index scores, acute kidney injury, and malnutrition were associated with higher odds of inpatient mortality in patients with CV who underwent endoscopic management. Conclusions: Endoscopic intervention has lower inpatient mortality and is an excellent alternative to surgery for appropriately selected CV hospitalizations.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 1992

These studies were carried out to compare toxicological test methods of two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch,; and to investigate relationship between in vivo resistant level of highly acaricide-selected population, and in vitro insensitivity of the AChE in the same population to carbophenothion and ethion. The slide dip method (CV = 8.7%) was of more accuracy and suitability than that of the leaf dip method(CV=12.2%) and leaf disc method (CV= 13.6 %) in determination of the resistant levels of twospotted spider mite to acaricides. The slide dip method also had the advantages of simple treatment with different populations on a slide at the same time, standardization of post-treatement conditions and living plants exclud¬ed from the test. Even though the topical application method(CV =8.1 %) showed high accuracy, it had the demerits of the much time consuming, need of expensive equipment and difficulty of test manipulation. For a limited time, the 22nd successive carbophenothion-selected population of two-spotted spider mite showed 156- and 128-fold resistant levels to carbophenothion and ethion(both alPs), respectively. However, the 24th successive ethion-selected population revealed 64.1- and 65-fold resistant levels to ethion and carbophenothion, respectively. In the inhibition of AChE activity, the carbophenothion-selected population showed 3.3- and 2.7-fold insensitivity in AChE activity to carbophenothion and ethion, respectively. Likewise, the ethion -selected population exhibited 3- and 2.6-fold insensitivity in AChE activity to carbophenothion and ethion, respectively, as compared with that of susceptible population. As a result, a good relation was recognized between in vivo resistance to organophosphorous acaricides and in vitro insensitivity of the AChE to corresponding inhibitors.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.91-100
• /
• 2011

Objectives : To classify needling or moxibustion-prohibited acupoints in Emergency Formulas Worth a Thousand in Gold (EFWTG) and Supplement to the Formulas Worth a Thousand in Gold (SFWTG). Methods : We found needling or moxibustion-prohibited acupoints in EFWTG and SFWTG, then investigated the influences of needling or moxibustion-prohibited acupoints on A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion. Results : In EFWTG, the needling-prohibited points were LI13, ST17, BL56, TE8, CV8, CV15 and GV24. Acupoints needed careful needling were LU2, ST12, KI2, KI7, TE19, GB3 and jwagak. The moxibustion-prohibited points were LU3, LU8, ST1, ST8, ST9, ST17, ST32, ST33, BL6, BL30, TE18, TE23, GB33, GB42, CV5, CV15, GV6, GV15, GV16 and GV17. Acupoints needed careful moxibustion were ST7, ST30, TE21 and GB22. In SFWTG, the needling-prohibited points were LU2, LI13, ST12, ST17, ST32, BL56, KI2, KI7, TE8, TE19, GB3, CV8, CV15, GV24 and jwagak. The moxibustion-prohibited points were LU3, LU8, ST1, ST7, ST8, ST9, ST17, ST30, ST32, ST33, BL6, BL30, TE18, TE23, GB22, GB33, GB42, CV5, CV15, GV6, GV15, GV16, GV17 and ijung. Conclusions : There were 7 needling-prohibited points, 7 acupoints needed careful needling, 20 moxibustion-prohibited points, and 4 acupoints needed careful needling in EFWTG, and 15 needling-prohibited points and 24 moxibustion-prohibited points in SFWTG. The needling or moxibustion-prohibited acupoints in A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion had a strong influence on those in the two literatures.

• Journal of Oriental Medical Thermology
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.11-16
• /
• 2003

Purpose D.I.T.I. can be used to diagnose the dysmenorrhea and prove the Oriental Medical Theory and the Sasang Constitutional Medicine concerning Dysmenorrhea. According to the Sasang Constitutional Medicine, we chose 39 dysmenorrhea patients (Soeumin 26 Patients, Taeumin 13 Patients) and expremented D.I.T.I. to find difference of chilliness and fever in the upper part of body and the lower part of body. Methods We expremented 39 dysmenorrhea patients chosena expremental group from Apr 1. 2002 to May 30, 2002. We diagnosed the constitution by Q.S.C.C. and selected six acu-points CV-17, CV-12, CV-4, G-21, B-15 and B-23. To appraise difference of temperature according to constitution we compared skin temperature of front to back. Result Mean Absolute Value of ${\Delta}T$ in body (front and back) shows significant difference. Totally the temperature of front is higher than the temperature of back. the temperature of Soeumin is higher than the temperature of Taeumin in whole. Conciusion Especially the upper abdomen area(CV-17) shows high temperature in 39 dysmenorrhea patients, the lower abdomen area (CV-4) of Soeumin shows lower temperature relatively.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.57-63
• /
• 2009

Objectives : Since the Front Points are treated as response zone, it can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of disease in viscera and bowels. Jeonjung($CV_{17}$) is the Front Point of SIMPO, it is related with cardiovascular, neuro-psychiatrical disease in aspect of Oriental Medicine. This research is for clarifying relations with palpation of the Jeonjung($CV_{17}$) and autonomic nerve system by comparing HRV and SRI(Stress Reaction Index). Methods : This study was proceeded for three months, from June 2009 to September 2009. Among 31 healthy volunteers, 13 subjects who complained the pressure pain around Jeonjung($CV_{17}$) are classified pressure pain group and 18 subjects who had no pain around Jeonjung($CV_{17}$) as normal group. All subjects had their HRV(SA-2000E: Medicore Co..Ltd. Korea) and SRI measured at visit. We studied the difference of HRV between two groups.(Statistics by Student t-test, p<0.05) Results : LF normalization of the pressure pain group were significantly higher than those of the normal group. HF normalization of the pressure pain group were significantly lower than those of the normal group. Compared with those of the normal group, total SRI of the pressure pain group were low but it's not significant. Conclusions : The results of HRV of the pressure pain group show that pressure pain around Jeonjung($CV_{17}$) is related to mental stress and autonomic disturbance.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.185-195
• /
• 1997

Sequence comparison of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of human caliciviruses (HuCVs) from Korean children with gastroenteritis revealed significant genetic variation among them. cDNA clones were produced from the HuCVs collected from pediatric population during a period of 1987-1994. The application of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using primers directed to the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase region within ORF1 of Norwalk virus (NV) showed that 13.7% of HuCVs yielded PCR products of similar size to the NV prototype, NV8FIIa/68/US, with exceptions of HuCV 185/87/Korea and HuCV 1115/90/Korea. Computer analyses showed that the PCR products had a continuous protein encoding frame on the positive strand, and contained GLPSG and YGDD amino acid motifs at the predicted distance from primers. Alignment of the amino acid sequences of HuCVs with previously published sequences for Snow Mountain agent (SMA), NV, and Sapporo/82/Japan indicated that these strains can be divided into four major genogroups. There were 10 (45%) SMA-like CVs, one (4.5%) NV-like HuCVs, two (9%) Sapporo-like HuCVs, and nine (41%) unidentified HuCVs. This fourth genogroup should be investigated further. HuCV 185/87/Korea and HuCV 1115/90/Korea, Sapporo-like CVs, were genetically distinct from previously characterized HuCVs and more closely related to known animal CVs. One of the animal CV-like strain, HuCV 185/87/Korea, showed nucleotide and amino acid homology of only 67% and 73% with the prototype Sapporo/82/Japan. Further characterization of animal and human CV genomes and studies of possible cross-transmission of CVs from animals to humans are likely to be beneficial in understanding the epidemiology of HuCVs.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.471-482
• /
• 2001

Infantile Convulsion, one of common emergency symptoms in pediatrics, arises from sudden derangement of the central nerve system, and can cause a sudden loss of consciousness and spasm. It falls into three categories: Acute Infantile Convulsion, Chronic Infantile Convulsion and Chronic Spleen Convulsion. According to research, approximately 6~7% of all babies undergo spasm more than once. Since the treatment must be done immediately, acupuncture & moxibustion treatment can be one of the most important treatments in this Particular case. Therefore, the focus of this study is on how acupuncture & moxibustion can be utilized in the treatment of Infantile Convulsion, and the literary findings are as follows: 1. The meridian points used on acute infantile convulsion are Sugu(GV26), T'aech'ung(Liv3), Hapkok(LI4). 2. The meridians used on acute infantile convulsion are Governor Vessel(GV), Bladder Meridian(BL), Stomach Meridian(ST). 3. The meridian points used on accompanied symptoms with acute infantile convulsion are Haenggan(Liv2), Yangnungch'on(Liv3) on spasm, Paek'oe(GV14) on opisthotonus, Kokchi(LI11), Taech'u(GV14) on fever, Nogung(P8), Yongch'on(K1) on fainting spell, Chok-samri(S36) on body weakness. 4. The meridian points used on chronic infantile convulsion are Shinguol(CV8), Ch'onchj'u(S25), T'aech'ung(Liv3), Kwanwon(CV4), Ch'ukt'aek(L5). 5. The meridians used on chronic infantile convulsion are Conception Vessel(CV), Governor Vessel(GV), Stomach Meridian(ST). 6. The meridian points used on accompanied symptoms with chronic infantile convulsion are Ch'onchj'u(S25), Kolli(CV11) on diarrhea, Taenung(P7), Shinmun(H7) on fainting spell, Kansu(B18), T'aech'ung(Liv3) on spasm. 7. The meridian Points and meridians are Paek'oe(GV14), Sangsung(GV23), Sugu(GV26) of Governor Vessel(GV) and Choiyung(CV16), Shinguol(CV16) of Conception Vessel(CV) and Taedon(Liv1), Changmun(Liv13).

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.30-33
• /
• 2007

One hundred and eighty-six leaves of soybean cv. Seokryangputkong that showed mild mosaic symptoms were collected randomly and ELISA tests were conducted with those leaf samples to screen the presence of Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV). Ninety-three out of 186 samples reacted positively to CPMV, but those samples did negatively to Soybean mosaic virus (SMV). At least, 55 leaf samples revealed higher values than that of positive control. The results strongly confirmed that CPMV occurred severely in soybean cv. Seokryangputkong. However, a question is raised on the primary reservoir and vector for transmission of this virus. Since the farmer changes seeds every year, seed transmission is excluded. The virus was also purified, the analysis of coat protein conformed the virus of cowpea mosaic virus and UV absorption pattern confirmed that the causal virus of mosaic disease in soybean putkong was cowpea mosaic virus.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.74-81
• /
• 1996

리그닌분해능(分解能)이 높은 균주(菌株)로 선발(選拔)된 Coriolus versicolor-13 (CV-13), LKY-7 및 LKY-12세 균주(菌株)에 대하여 균체외(菌體外) laccase 생산(生産)을 검토(檢討)하였다. Glucose-peptone broth에서 균체외(菌體外) laccase활성(活性)은 CV-13의 경우 3일 이상배양후(以上培養後)에 나타났고 LKY-7과 LKY-12균주(菌株)의 laccase 활성(活性)은 배양(培養) 2일째에 검출(檢出)되었다. 탄소원(炭素源)으로서는 maltose가 glucose와 비슷한 laccase 생산효과(生産效果)를 나타냈고 질소원(窒素源)으로서는 유기태질소(有機態窒素)가 무기태(無機態) 질소(窒素)보다 효과적(效果的)이었다. Laccase 유도물질(誘導物質)로서는 2,5-Xylidine이 가장 우수하였으며 1mM 이하(以下)의 농도(濃度)에서는 유도효과(誘導效果)가 크게 나타났으나 1.5mM 이상(以上)의 농도(濃度)에서는 laccase생산(生産)이 억제(抑制)되었고, 균사생장(菌絲生長) 초기(初期)에 첨가(添加)하는 것이 효과적(效果的)으로 나타났다. SDS-PAGE 후, CV-13 균주(菌株)의 균체외(菌體外) 단백질(蛋白質)에서는 약 69, 66, 25, 23, 19kDa 크기의 laccase band가 5개 나타났고 LKY-7 균주(菌株)에서는 27kDa과 19kDa 크기의 2개 band가, LKY-12 균주(菌株)에서는 22, 20, 17kDa 크기의 laccase band가 3개 나타났다.

• Speech Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.127-140
• /
• 2006

This study examined acoustic characteristics of 900 CV syllables produced by five English native speakers. Those target syllables were produced between the syllable /ba/ twenty times. The syllables were segmented and normalized by the maximum intensity value of each syllable and were divided into consonant or vowel sections by a few visible acoustic criteria. Intensity values were collected at 100 relative time points per syllable. Also, cumulative intensity values and consonant and vowel durations along with the ratio of a consonant to each syllable were measured using Praat scripts. Results showed as follows: Firstly, the consonantal section amounted to a quarter of the syllable in terms of both the cumulative intensity and duration. Secondly, the consonantal ratio by the cumulative intensity was similar to that by the duration. Finally, the sum of the cumulative intensity values in each syllable partially coincided with the consonant order by the current sonority scale. Further studies would be desirable on more reliable acoustical measurements and sophisticated perceptual experiments on the English syllables.