• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.767-776
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• 2003

자돈사료 내 생약제제(Miracle$^{\circledR}$) 첨가가 생산성, 영양소 소화율, 분 내 미생물균총 그리고 혈액 성상에 대해 미치는 영향을 검정하기 위해 총 5주간의 사양실험을 실시하였다. 48두의 3원 교잡종(Y${\times}$L${\times}$D) 이유자돈(평균 개시 체중 7.84kg${\pm}$0.17, 28일령)을 4처리 4반복, 반복 당 3두씩 배치하였고, 처리구들은 대조구(T1), CTC 100ppm(T2), Miracle$^{\circledR}$ 0.15%(T3) 그리고 CTC 100ppm + Miracle$^{\circledR}$ 0.15%(T4)로 하였다. 생약제제 첨가(T3)구에서 증체량, 사료 섭취 및 사료 효율을 개선하는 경향이 있었지만, 처리구간 유의적 차이는 없었다. 영양소 소화율은 처리구들 간에 유의적 차이가 있었는데(P〈0.05), T3 급여구에서 건물, 조단백질, NFE, P 그리고 아미노산 소화율이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 혈청 내 콜레스테롤 수준은 T3 처리구에서 가장 낮았는데 항생제 처리구(T2)보다 유의하게(P〈0.05) 낮았고 타 처리구들에 비해서는 낮았지만 유의차는 없었다. T3 처리구는 Triglyceride와 HDL 수준에서도 다른 처리구들 보다 낮았으나 유의적 차이는 없었다. 혈청 IgG의 수준은 T4에서 가장 높았으며(P〈0.05) 다음으로 T1, T2 그리고 T3 순이었다. 혈청 내 AST 수준은 T1에서 가장 낮았다. 혈청 총 단백질, albumin 그리고 ALT의 수준은 처리구간 유의적 차이는 없었다. 분 내 Lactobacillus, Cl. perfringens 그리고 E. coli의 수 CFU는 처리구들 간에 차이는 없었으나 3주와 5주에서 T2 (CTC 100ppm) 처리구의 Cl. perfringens가 낮은 경향이 있었다. 결론적으로 생약제제 MiracleⓇ은 이유자돈의 생산성에는 유의한 영향을 미치지 못하였으며 소화율, 혈청 IgG 및 콜레스테롤 수준은 낮추고 AST 수준은 높였다. 항생제(CTC)와 생약제제 Miracle$^{\circledR}$의 혼합 사용은 단일 사용에 비교해서 상승 효과가 없었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.285-292
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• 2017

Antibiotics have been used for treating human and animal disease and enhancing growth of cattle, swine, and poultries. However, overused antibiotics can be released into the environment and produce antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. Main objective of this research was to monitor residual of antibiotics in solid matrix such as manure, wastewater sludge, soil and sediment. Total of six antibiotics, Chlortetracycline (CTC), Oxytetracycline (OTC), Tetracycline (TC), Sulfamethazine (SMT), Sulfamethoxazole (SMX), Sulfathiazole (STZ), used for both human and animal was monitored. Result showed that the detection frequency of 6 antibiotics was ordered SMT (100%) > TC = CTC (75%) > OTC (38%) > STZ (13%) > SMZ (0%) and the highest concentration ($309.83{\mu}g\;kg^{-1}$, SMT) was observed in manure. Comparing residual concentration of antibiotics (TC, CTC, and OTC) in soil and sediment, higher concentration was observed in sediment indicating that dissolved forms of antibiotics are released into river and sorbed into sediment particle. In conclusion, monitoring for residual of antibiotics in the environment is necessary and more research should be conducted to verify the source of antibiotic release.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.505-507
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• 1994

A total of 526 domestic and experimental animals in Miyagi prefecture, Japan were investigated for fecal carriage of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. C. jejuni was detected in chickens (8.2%), dogs (6.3%), pigs (4.3%), cattle (1.8%) and hamsters (1.4%). C. coli was only detected from pigs (20.7%). Drug susceptibility test was performed on 5 strains of C. jejuni isolated from chickens and 13 strains of C. coli isolated from pigs to tylosin (TS), thianphenicol (TP), carbadox (CDX), chroltetracyclin (CTC), vancomycin (VCM), cefoperazone (CPZ), latamoxef (LMOX), GM were highly effective and CTC, CP and PL were moderately effective against both C. jejuni and C. coli. TS and TPH were moderately effective against C. jejuni; however, they were less effective to C. coli. One strain of C. jejuni against CTC considered to be drug resistant. The results suggest that C. jejuni and C. coli can be controlled by several drugs effectively, although a drug resistant strain exists.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.4745-4749
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• 2015

Background: The aim of this study was to assess detection of circulating tumor cells (CTC) using anti-CEA pre and post surgery in Chilean patients with colo-rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: The presence of CTCs was evaluated in 80 colorectal cancer patients pre and post surgery using standard immunocytochemistry and the results were compared with findings for standard clinico-pathological parameters. Results: In patients presurgery CEA (+) CTCs were frequently found, with no relation to tumor size or nodal status. After surgery, the presence of CTCs was associated with such clinico-pathological parameters. The frequency of CTC detection in node positive patients did not change after surgery. In patients with metastasis there was also no change in the frequency of CTC detection, and clusters of 3 or more CTCs were evident. Conclusions: Secondary CTCs are associated with clinico-pathological parameters only after surgical removal of the primary tumor, and might be important in identifying patients at high risk of relapse. Primary CTCs detected before surgical removal are frequently found, are not associated with the clinico-pathological parameters and might have a role in cancer screening. These findings suggest the need for studies with a larger population of patients.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.32-39
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• 2004

Railway signaling systems consist of several vital computerized equipment such as CTC(Centralized Traffic Control), EIS(Electronic Interlocking System), ATC(Automatic Train Control) and so on. Currently, the project for development of railway signaling systems for the next-generation high-speed train is progressed according to the G7 project and railway signaling related several companies and research institute are joined this project consortium. The railway signaling systems, being developed in this project, called as a kTCS(Korean Train Control System), is composed of kTCS-CTC, kTCS-IXL, kTCS-ATC and etc. kTCS signaling systems have to be operated at the laboratory testing level as integrated signaling systems by interface between each railway signaling systems before railway field installation and revenue service. To solve this matter, communication protocols between each signaling equipment are designed and message codes for each defined protocols have defined. And also several equipment has developed for the railway integrated signaling systems for laboratory testing. We has plentifully tested and verified the designed protocols and the characteristics of integrated railway signaling systems with our developed each kTCS signaling equipment and communication protocols. In this paper, the integrated kTCS system including communication protocols is presented.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.187-190
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• 2003

Seven essential oils were tested for in vitro cytotoxicity against the cancerous cell lines A-549, HEp-2 and DLA and normal BRL-3A, NRK-49F and Vero cell lines using standard MTT, SRB and dye exclusion techniques. The A-549 cell line was found to be the most susceptible to all the essential oils. The essential oils of A. nilagirica, A. calamus and O. sanctum were found to be the more active against these cells with mean $CTC_{50}$ values of 17.75, 19.00 and $24.37\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. The essential oil of Acorus calamus was found to be the most potent with low $CTC_{50}$ values against the cancerous and comparatively higher $CTC_{50}$ values against the normal cell lines. Artemisia pellens and Pelargonium graveolens oils also showed potent activity. These oils merit further investigation to identify the active principles and nature of the anti tumor activity in animal models.

• Plant Resources
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.169-175
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• 2002

The soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Inchinoe; SCN) is a devastating pest of soybean and is responsible for significant losses in yield. The use of resistant cultivars is the effective method to reduce or eliminate SCN damage. The objective of this research is to identify AFLP markers linked to the SCN resistant genes. Bulked genomic DNA was made from resistant and susceptible genotypes to SCN and a total of 19 primer combinations were used. About 31 fragments were detected per primer combination. The banding patterns were readily distinguished in resistant and susceptible bulked genotypes. Polymorphic fragments were detected between resistant and susceptible bulked genotypes in the primer combination of CGT/GGC, CAG/GTG and CTC/GAG. In primer combinations of CGT/GGC and CAG/GTG, bulked resistant genotype produced a polymorphic bands. However, in primer of CTC/GAG, bulked susceptible genotype produced a polymorphic fragments. Three AFLP markers identified as a polymorphic fragments between bulked genomic DNA were mapped in 85 F2 population. Among them, only two markers, CGT/GGC and CTC/GAG, was linked and was mapped. Broad application of AFLP marker would be possible for improving resistant cultivars to SCN.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.339-348
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• 1997

The purpose of the survey were determined the residual antibiotics and tetracyclines in beef(n=1,364), pork(n=2,817) and chickens(n=1,921) by the EEC 4-plate method, Charm IIand HPLC. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. The recovery rates in spiked samples were 98.8-107.2% for oxytetracycline(OTC), 33.2-48.6% for tetracycline(TC) and 64.1-72.3% for chlortetracycline(CTC) at 0.05-0.1ppm by HPLC using MSPD. 2. Residues of antibiotic were detected from 10 beef(0.75%) and 36 pork(1.31%) by EEC 4-plate method. In case of chickens were not detected. 3. Twenty-eight from 46 positive samples by the EEC 4-plate method were classified as TCs(60.9 %) by Charm II and TC of 12 samples were detected by HPLC. 4. Ten samples were detected levels of OTC ranging from 0.035 to 0.635 ppm and 3 samples were levels of CTC ranging from 0.066 to 0.150 ppm. OTC and CTC levels in 3 beef and 4 pork samples were exceeded the current tolerance level of 0.1 ppm.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 2002년도 춘계공동학술대회
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• pp.285-292
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• 2002

A cluster tool for semiconductor manufacturing is an integrated device that consists of several single wafer processing modules and a wafer transport module based on a robot. The distributed module controllers are integrated by an inter-module communication network and coordinated by a centralized controller, called a cluster tool controller (CTC). Since the CTC monitors and coordinates the distributed complex module controllers for advanced process control, complex commuication messaging and services between the CTC and the module controllers are required. A SEMI standard, CTMC(Cluster Tool Module Communication), specifies application-level communication service requirements for inter-module communication. We propose the use of high-level fieldbuses, for instance. PROFIBUS-FMS, for implementing CTMC since the high-level fieldbuses are well suited for complex real-time distributed manufacturing control applications. We present a way of implementing CTMC using PROFIBUS-FMS as the communication enabler. We first propose improvements of a key object of CTMC for material transfer and the part transfer protocol to meet the functional requirements of modem advanced cluster tools. We also discuss mapping objects and services of CTMC to PROFIBUS-FMS communication objects and services. Finally, we explain how to implement the mappings.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.863-869
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• 2006

The existing Europe Standard, EN 50159 with respect of safety of railway signalling communication protocol has been changed into International Standard, IEC 62280. This Standard presents the requirement for safe communication between safety-related devices which connects with transmission system, there are both closed and open transmission system. Regardless of this international Standards, the communication protocol for interface between CTC communication server and external facilities has been standardized several years ago in our country, so this is applied to integrated CTC system in KORAIL. Two Standards are currently standardized as a protocol between CTC and external facilities, these standard protocols are also required high level safety as a communication link which is transmitted vital control information in common with the train control system. For that reason, we have made analysis of requirement for the safe transmission required by international standard. Under this analysis, we have studied safety features of communication protocol applying to our standard. In other words, we have researched that how many the requirement from international standard for safe transmission is reflected in domestic standard protocol, and also whether our standard makes sure of safety enough or not.