• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.330-331
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• 2010

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.1100-1105
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• 2012

Green tea intake is known to have preventive effects against cancer. In this study, we evaluated the tumor suppressive effects of dietary green tea extracts (GTE) as a modulator on cisplatin in an established colon cancer mouse model. The cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity was determined with cell viability of the mouse colon cancer cell line (CT26) in vitro. The influence of GTE on the anti-tumor activity of cisplatin was evaluated by measuring tumor size with digital calipers in mice bearing CT26 colon carcinomas. The CT26 cell viability decreased to 93% at a $20{\mu}g/mL$ concentration of cisplatin. However, cell viability decreased to 15% with a combination of $20{\mu}g/mL$ cisplatin and GTE ($75{\mu}g/mL$). There were no apparent changes in cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity with GTE and epigallocathechin gallate (EGCG) treatments. Tumor size decreased in dietary GTE combining intra-peritoneal cisplatin-injected tumors bearing mice compared with cisplatin or GTE alone administered to tumor-bearing mice. These experiments showed that dietary GTE has a potentiating effect on the cisplatin anti-tumor activity of an established mice colon cancer model. Therefore, the GTE may be a candidate for modulators in anticancer treatments with cisplatin.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.42 no.12
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• pp.869-883
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• 2019

Interleukin (IL)-15 is an essential immune-modulator with high potential for use in cancer treatment. Natural IL-15 has a low biological potency because of its short half-life and difficulties in mass-production. IL-15Rα, a member of the IL-15 receptor complex, is famous for its high affinity to IL-15 and its ability to lengthen the half-life of IL-15. We have double-transfected IL-15 and its truncated receptor IL-15Rα into CT26 colon cancer cells to target them for intracellular assembly. The secreted IL-15:IL-15Rα complexes were confirmed in ELISA and Co-IP experiments. IL-15:IL-15Rα secreting clones showed a higher anti-tumor effect than IL-15 secreting clones. Furthermore, we also evaluated the vaccine and therapeutic efficacy of the whole cancer-cell vaccine using mitomycin C (MMC)-treated IL-15:IL-15Rα secreting CT26 clones. Three sets of experiments were evaluated; (1) therapeutics, (2) vaccination, and (3) long-term protection. Wild-type CT26-bearing mice treated with a single dose of MMC-inactivated secreted IL-15:IL-15Rα clones prolonged survival compared to the control group. Survival of MMC-inactivated IL-15:IL-15Rα clone-vaccinated mice (without any further adjuvant) exceeded up to 100%. This protection effect even lasted for at least three months after the immunization. Secreted IL-15:IL-15Rα clones challenging trigger anti-tumor response via CD4⁺ T, CD8⁺ T, and natural killer (NK) cell-dependent cytotoxicity. Our result suggested that cell-based vaccine secreting IL-15:IL-15Rα, may offer the new tools for immunotherapy to treat cancer.

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.322.1-322.1
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• 2005

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2006

Methanolic and aqueous extracts from 37 seaweed species (10 green and 27 brown seaweeds) collected from Jeju Island coast were prepared at high ($70^{\circ}C$) and room ($20^{\circ}C$) temperatures and examined for cytotoxic activity against 4 tumor cell lines: U937 (human monoblastoid leukemia cell line), HL60 (human promyelocytic leukemia cell line), HeLa (woman cervical carcinoma cell line) and CT26 (mouse colon carcinoma line). Both MeOH extracts of Desmarestia tabacoides and Dictyota dichotoma possessed strong cytotoxic activities against all the tumor cell lines tested, but the aqueous extract exhibited no activity. On the other hand Ecklonia cava showed strong cytotoxic activities for the $20^{\circ}C$ aqueous extract against the three tumor cells except HeLa cell. Sagassum coreanum and Sagassum siliquastrum $20^{\circ}C$ aqueous extracts also exhibited strong cytotoxic activities against U937, HL60, HeLa cells. Even though green seaweeds showed less activity than brown seaweeds, $20^{\circ}C$ aqueous extracts of Codium contractum and Codium fragile exhibited strong cytotoxic activities against HL60 or CT26 cells, respectively.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1062-1070
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• 2019

A components of garlic (Allium sativum) have anti-proliferative effects against various types of cancer. We aimed to investigate the capacity of garlic compounds to anti-tumor on a various cancer cell lines. Fractionation of garlic extract, guided by antiproliferative activity against human gastric cancer (AGS) cells, has resulted in the isolation of N-benzyl-N-methyldecan-1-amine (NBNMA). We investigated the effect of newly isolated NBNMA from garlic cloves on the inhibition of the growth of CT-26, AGS, HepG2, HCT-116, MCF7, B16F10, and Sarcoma-180 cells for in vitro and CT-26 colon carcinoma cells in vivo. NBNMA exhibited an antiproliferative effect in CT-26 cells by apoptotic cell death. NBNMA exhibited down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins and up-regulation of apoptotic Bad protein expression in western blot analyses. In addition, NBNMA meagre activated caspase 3 and caspase 9, initiator caspases of the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis. NBNMA treatment at a dose of 10 mg/kg for 21 days in experimental mice implanted with tumors resulted in significant reduction of the tumor weight (43%). NBNMA exhibited both in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity. These results indicate that NBNMA has promising potential to become a novel anticancer agent from garlic cloves for the treatment of colon carcinoma cancer.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 2020

Stichopus japonicas (red sea cucumbers) inhabit the coastal sea surrounding Jeju Island, South Korea, and are thought to have various medicinal properties. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of a red sea cucumber (S. japonicus) collected from Jeju Island. We obtained the red sea cucumber extract (RSCE), and observed that it inhibited the tumor cell growth and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production associated with the induction of apoptosis through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in murine colon carcinoma cells (CT-26). Treatment with RSCE and N-acetylcysteine, which is a ROS scavenger, increased ROS production and apoptosis via the regulation by the MAPK pathway on the ERK and JNK compared with the nontreated group. Therefore, RSCE promotes ROS-mediated suppression of the ERK and JNK activation, and subsequently inhibits cancer progression, suggesting that RSCE may be beneficial in treating colon carcinoma.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.123-127
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• 2005

The polyclonal antibody was generated against the peptide fragment of 62 amino acid residues (D 181-T242) near the COOH-terminal region of the extracellular domain of epithelial-cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM) and shown to be able to recognize Ep-CAM in competitive ELISA. Then, sulforhodamine 101 acid chloride (so called Texas red), a fluorescence dye, was conjugated to the affinity-purified anti-Ep-CAM antibody utilizing the reaction between the aliphatic amines of antibody and the sulfonyl chloride of Texas red. The molar ratio of Texas red to antibody was estimated to be approximately 1.86 by measuring optical densities at 280 nm and 596 nm, implying that the two molecules of Texas red at most were conjugated to antibody. The anti-Ep-CAM antibody-Texas red conjugate was then used for immunohistochemistry of CT-26 murine colon carcinoma cells. Based upon the fluorescence microscope images, anti-Ep-CAM antibody is able to deliver Texas red specifically to the surface of CT-26 cells on which Ep-CAM was actively expressed. This result indicates that anti-Ep-CAM antibody could be useful for the tissue-specific delivery of photosensitizers via antigen-antibody interaction.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.489-494
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• 2014

Background: Psychiatric patients appear to be at lower risk of cancer. Some antipsychotic drugs might have inhibitory effects on tumor growth, including penfluridol, a strong agent. To test this, we conducted a study to determine whether penfluridol exerts cytotoxic effects on tumor cells and, if so, to explore its anti-tumor mechanisms. Methods: Growth inhibition of mouse cancer cell lines by penfluridol was determined using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cytotoxic activity was determined by clonogenic cell survival and trypan blue assays. Animal tumor models of these cancer cells were established and to evaluate penfluridol for its anti-tumor efficacy in vivo. Unesterified cholesterol in cancer cells was examined by filipin staining. Serum total cholesterol and tumor total cholesterol were detected using the cholesterol oxidase/p-aminophenazone (CHOD-PAP) method. Results: Penfluridol inhibited the proliferation of B16 melanoma (B16/F10), LL/2 lung carcinoma (LL/2), CT26 colon carcinoma (CT26) and 4T1 breast cancer (4T1) cells in vitro. In vivo penfluridol was particularly effective at inhibiting LL/2 lung tumor growth, and obviously prolonged the survival time of mice bearing LL/2 lung tumors implanted subcutaneously. Accumulated unesterified cholesterol was found in all of the cancer cells treated with penfluridol, and this effect was most evident in LL/2, 4T1 and CT26 cells. No significant difference in serum cholesterol levels was found between the normal saline-treated mice and the penfluridol-treated mice. However, a dose-dependent decrease of total cholesterol in tumor tissues was observed in penfluridol-treated mice, which was most evident in B16/F10-, LL/2-, and 4T1-tumor-bearing mice. Conclusion: Our results suggested that penfluridol is not only cytotoxic to cancer cells in vitro but can also inhibit tumor growth in vivo. Dysregulation of cholesterol homeostasis by penfluridol may be involved in its anti-tumor mechanisms.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.66-72
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to develop novel nanoparticles based on polyion complex formation between low molecular weight water-soluble chitosan (LMWSC) and all-trans retinoic acid (atRA). LMWSC nanoparticles encapsulating atRA based on polyion complex were prepared by mixing of atRA into LMWSC aqueous solution using ultrasonication. In FTIR spectra, the carbonyl group of atRA at 1690 $cm^{-1}$ disappeared or decreased when ion complexes were formed between LMWSC and atRA. In ${1}^H$ NMR spectra, specific peaks of atRA disappeared when atRA-encapsulated LMWSC (RAC) nanoparticles were reconstituted into $D_{2}O$ while specific peaks both of atRA and LMWSC appeared in $D_{2}O$/DMSO (1/3, v/v) mixture. XRD patterns also showed that the crystal peaks of atRA were disappeared by encapsulation into LMWSC nanoparticles. LMWSC nanoparticles encapsulating atRA have spherical shapes with particle size below 200 nm. The mechanism of encapsulation of atRA into LMWSC nanoparticles was thought to be an ion complex formation between LMWSC and atRA. LMWSC nanoparticles showed high atRA loading efficiency over 90$\%$ (w/w). AtRA was continuously released from nanoparticles over 10 days. In in vitro cell cytotoxicity test, free atRA showed higher cytotoxic effect against CT 26 colon carcinoma cell line on 1 day. However, RAC nanoparticles showed similar cytotoxicity against CT 26 cells on 2 day. These results suggest the potential for the introduction of LMWSC nanoparticles into various biomedical fields such as drug delivery.