• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.1042-1053
• /
• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 중년여성이 뉴로피드백(NF) 또는 두개천골요법(CST) 및 병용요법(CT:NF+CST)을 받고난 후 경험한 효과를 확인하고자 하는 것이다. 연구참여자는 S시 M동에 거주하는 중년여성으로서 NF군 17명, CST군 17명, CT군 19명, 총 53명이었다. 2007년 10월 8일부터 12월 14일까지 10주 동안 NF 30회, CST 10회, CT는 NF 30회의 훈련과 CST 10회가 시술되었고, 자료는 각각의 요법을 시술받는 동안 경험한 반응을 매일 일지에 자필로 작성하도록 하여 수집되었다. 자료분석은 연구참여자들이 기술한 자료를 토대로 의미 있는 내용을 찾아내어 내용분석 자료를 표출한 후, 각각의 자료를 속성의 유사점과 차이점을 확인하여 분류되었고, 분류된 속성들은 유사한 의미를 갖는 속성끼리 묶어 상위속성으로 범주화하여 명명하였다. 원 자료에서 효과를 진술한 내용 중 의미 있는 것을 뽑은 결과 NF 37개, CST 91개, CT 110개의 내용분석 자료가 표출되었고, 각각의 내용분석 자료를 유사한 것끼리 묶은 결과 NF 22개, CST 63개, CT 68개의 속성으로 분류되었다. 이 속성들은 9개의 상위속성 즉 불편감, 이완감, 신체증상 완화, 정신기능 향상, 신체적 이완, 심리적 이완, 시술자와의 교감, 카타르시스, 기(氣) 경험으로 범주화되었다. 요법 시 가장 많이 나타난 속성을 보면 NF 시에는 훈련 중 졸림, 마음이 편안해 짐, 몸이 가벼워짐, 마음이 가벼워짐 등 이었고, CST 시에는 마음이 편안해짐, 수면 향상, 건강해 짐, 울음, 몸이 편안해짐 등 이었으며, CT 시에는 마음이 편안해짐, 몸이 가벼워짐, 몸이 편안해짐, 수면 향상, 눈물 등 이었다. 결론적으로 NF 또는 CST 및 CT는 중년여성에게 신체적, 심리적 이완효과가 있으므로 중년여성의 심신이완을 위한 보완대체요법으로 활용할 수 있다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제13권5호
• /
• pp.29-37
• /
• 1993

본 논문은 추계론적 유한요소해석의 한 방법인 가중적분법의 확장에 대해서 논하였다. 가중적분법의 사용은 Deodatis에 의해서 삼각형요소로 확장되었다. 이에 의해서 2차원 문제에 대한 응답변화도를 수치적인 해석에 의해서 얻을 수 있게 되었다. 본 논문에서는 가중적분법을 일반 평면요소를 사용할 수 있도록 확장한다. 제안된 방법에 의해서 확정론적 유한요소해석에서 사용된 요소망은 추계론적 유한요소해석에서도 그대로 사용할 수 있도록 되었다. 나아가서, CST요소는 상수만을 그 요소로 가지는 변위-변형률 행렬을 가지는 특수한 경우이므로 제안된 방법을 사용할 경우 CST요소와 일반 평면 사변형 요소를 혼용하여 사용할 수 있을 것이다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제63권6호
• /
• pp.713-723
• /
• 2017

As a new type of ballastless track, longitudinal continuous slab track (CST) has been widely used in China. It can partly isolate the interaction between the ballastless track and the bridge and thus the rail expansion device would be unnecessary. Compared with the traditional track, CST is composed of multi layers of continuous structures and various connecting components. In order to investigate the performance of CST on a long-span bridge, the spatial finite element model considering each layer of the CST structure, connecting components, bridge, and subgrade is established and verified according to the theory of beam-rail interaction. The nonlinear resistance of materials between multilayer track structures is measured by experiments, while the temperature gradients of the bridge and CST are based on the long-term measured data. This study compares the force distribution rules of ballasted track and CST as respectively applied to a long span bridge. The effects of different damage conditions on CST structures are also discussed. The results show that the additional rail stress is small and the CST structure has a high safety factor under the measured temperature load. The rail expansion device can be cancelled when CST is adopted on the long span bridge. Beam end rotation caused by temperature gradient and vertical load will have a significant effect on the rail stress of CST. The additional flexure stress should be considered with the additional expansion stress simultaneously when the rail stress of CST requires to be checked. Both the maximum sliding friction coefficient of sliding layer and cracking condition of concrete plate should be considered to decide the arrangement of connecting components and the ultimate expansion span of the bridge when adopting CST.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.379-387
• /
• 2021

In general, trans-membrane pressure (TMP), flux, filtration resistance are used as indicators to evaluate the degree of fouling in MBR. However, they have limitations in determining the level of EPS generation, which is known as an important factor of fouling. Therefore, a new evaluation method is required to monitor the amount of EPS generation. In this study, the applicability of capillary suction time (CST), which is used to measure the dewaterability of sludge, was evaluated as an indirect fouling evaluation index. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of EPS on CST, and to determine whether EPS has high similarity with representative fouling evaluation indicators and CST, and quantitatively compared them. As a result, the correlation coefficient between CST and bEPS was 0.7988, which was higher than the correlation coefficient between filtration resistance and bEPS. Since bEPS is a major factor inducing fouling by affecting the formation of the cake layer, it was evaluated that CST, which has a high correlation with bEPS, is suitable to represent EPS. In addition, it was evaluated that the correlation coefficient between filtration resistance and CST was high as 0.7187, which could be used as a fouling evaluation index.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산유체공학회 2009년 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.9-18
• /
• 2009

This paper presents the state of the art of computational structures technology(CST) and comparison of two computational mechanics - CST and CFD, to the CFD engineers. Classical mechanics is based on the five classical axioms which describe the motion and behaviors of the continuum materials like solid structures and fluids. Computational structures technology uses the finite element method to solve the governing equation, whereas finite volume method is generally used in CFD. A few famous commercial structural analysis programs and DIAMOND/IPSAP will be introduced. DIAMOND/IPSAP is the efficient parallel structural analysis package developed by our research team. DIAMOND/IPSAP shows the better performance than the commercial structural analysis software not only in the parallel computing environments but also in a single computer.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제47권1호
• /
• pp.19-36
• /
• 2023

An experimental study of eleven PVC-FRP Confined Concrete (PFCC) column-Reinforced Concrete (RC) beam joints reinforced with Core Steel Tube (CST) under axial compression is carried out. All specimens are designed in accordance with the principle of "weak column and strong joint". The influences of FRP strips spacing, length and steel ratio of CST, height and stirrup ratio of joint on mechanical behavior are investigated. As the design anticipated, all specimens are destroyed by column failure. The failure mode of PFCC column-RC beam joint reinforced with CST is the yielding of longitudinal steel bars, CST and stirrups of column as well as the fracture of FRP strips and PVC tube. The ultimate bearing capacity decreases as FRP strips spacing or joint height increases. The effects of other three studied parameters on ultimate bearing capacity are not obvious. The strain development rules of longitudinal steel bars, PVC tube, FRP strips, column stirrups and CST are revealed. The effects of various studied parameters on stiffness are also examined. Additionally, an influence coefficient of joint height is introduced based on the regression analysis of test data, a theoretical formula for predicting bearing capacity is proposed and it agrees well with test data.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제43권5호
• /
• pp.877-888
• /
• 2023

We studied the proteolysis and conducted a sensory evaluation of fermented sausages using strains derived from Kimchi [Pediococcus pentosaceus-SMFM2021-GK1 (GK1); P. pentosaceus-SMFM2021-NK3 (NK3)], Doenjang [Debaryomyces hansenii-SMFM2021-D1 (D1)], and spontaneous fermented sausage [Penicillium nalgiovense-SMFM2021-S6 (S6)]. Fermented sausages were classified as commercial starter culture (CST), mixed with GK1, D1, and S6 (GKDS), and mixed with NK3, D1, and S6 (NKDS). The protein content and pH of GKDS and NKDS were significantly higher than those of CST on days 3 and 31, respectively (p<0.05). Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the NKDS had higher molecular weight proteins than the GKDS and CST. The myofibrillar protein solubility of the GKDS and NKDS was significantly higher than that of the CST on day 31 (p<0.05). The GKDS displayed significantly higher pepsin and trypsin digestion than the NKDS on day 31 (p<0.05). The hardness, chewiness, gumminess, and cohesiveness of the GKDS were not significantly different from those of the CST. The GKDS exhibited the highest values for flavor, tenderness, texture, and overall acceptability. According to this study, sausages fermented using lactic acid bacteria (GK1), yeast (D1), and mold (S6) derived from Korean fermented foods displayed high proteolysis and excellent sensory evaluation results.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.287-294
• /
• 2007

전산유체와 전산구조 연계 방법을 사용하여 하부에 외부 장착물이 부착된 초음속 비행체의 날개에 대한 정적 공탄성 해석을 수행하였다. 전산유체와 전산구조의 연계를 위하여 두 개의 사상 알고리즘, 즉 압력 사상 알고리즘과 변위 사상 알고리즘이 사용되었다. 공력해석은 날개주위의 유동장을 구하기 위하여 비정렬 3차원 오일러 방정식을 이용하였고 구조변위를 구하기 위하여 유한요소해석 프로그램을 사용하였다. 연계 절차는 특정 수렴조건을 만족할 때까지 반복 수행되며, 전형적인 초음속 비행체 날개에 대한 정적 공탄성 해석을 수행하여 수렴된 날개 형상을 얻었다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제34권6호
• /
• pp.326-331
• /
• 2022

Purpose: The stroke patients have gait dysfunction due to impaired neural tracts; corticospinal tract (CST), corticoreticular pathway (CRP), and vestibulospinal tract (VST). In this study, we investigated characteristics of gait pattern according to the injury aspect of the neural track in a stroke patient. Methods: One patient and six control subjects of similar age participated. A 19-year-old male patient with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage on right basal ganglia, thalamus, corona radiata and cerebral cortex due to arteriovenous malformation rupture. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data was acquired 21 months after the stroke. Kinematic and spatio-temporal parameters of gait were collected using a three-dimensional gait analysis system. Results: On 21 months DTI, the CST and CRP in affected hemisphere showed severe injury, in contrast, the VST in affected hemisphere showed intact integrity. Result of gait analysis, walking distance and speed were significantly decreased in a patient. The stance rate of unaffected lower limb, the swing rate of affected lower limb and the duration of double stance significantly increased compared with normal control. The knee and hip joint angle were significantly decreased in a patient. Conclusion: We found recovered independent gait ability may be associated with unimpaired VST in a patient with severe injury in CST and CRP.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.39-47
• /
• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the Sasang Constitution character strength of university students. Methods: One hundred fifty students of Woosuk University participated in this study. Their majors were Korean medicine, nursing science, and pharmacy. Their Sasang Constitutional types were determined using the results of a Two Step Questionnaire for Sasang Constitution Diagnosis (TS-QSCD). The subjects were also tested by a Characteristic Strength Test (CST). The Character Strength test scores were compared to the different Sasang Constitutions using analysis of variances (ANOVA). Also, the five Signature Strengths presented to the subjects were measured as a percentage within Sasang Constitution Groups, and compared to the different Sasang Constitutions. Results and Conclusions: 1. In CST score: Soyangin were significantly higher than Taeeumin in creativity, curiosity, love, social intelligence, vitality, leadership, appreciation of beauty and excellence, and humor. Also, Soyangin was significantly higher than Soeumin in wisdom, kindness, bravery, and authenticity. 2. In CST score: Taeeumin were significantly higher than Soyangin in modesty. Taeeumin and Soeumin were significantly higher than Soyangin in prudence. 3. In the five signature strength analysis: Extrovert character strengths such as curiosity, vitality, social intelligence, bravery, and leadership, were higher in Soyangin. On the other hand, Introvert character strengths such as modesty, prudence, and self-regulation, were higher in Taeeumin and Soeumin. 4. In the five signature strength analysis: The signature strengths of Soyangin and Soeumin indicated a biased distribution. The signature strengths of Taeeumin indicated an even distribution.