• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.2113-2120
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• 2018

Cross-reactive material 197 ($CRM_{197}$) is a non-toxic mutant of diphtheria toxin containing a single amino acid substitution of glycine 52 with glutamic acid. $CRM_{197}$ has been used as a carrier protein for poorly immunogenic polysaccharide antigens to improve immune responses. In this study, to develop a sandwich ELISA that can detect $CRM_{197}$ and $CRM_{197}$ conjugate vaccines, we generated a human anti-$CRM_{197}$ monoclonal antibody (mAb) 3F9 using a phage-displayed human synthetic Fab library and produced mouse anti-$CRM_{197}$ polyclonal antibody. The affinity ($K_D$) of 3F9 for $CRM_{197}$ was 3.55 nM, based on Bio-Layer interferometry, and it bound specifically to the B fragment of $CRM_{197}$. The sandwich ELISA was carried out using 3F9 as a capture antibody and the mouse polyclonal antibody as a detection antibody. The detection limit of the sandwich ELISA was <1 ng/ml $CRM_{197}$. In addition, the 3F9 antibody bound to the $CRM_{197}$-polysaccharide conjugates tested in a dose-dependent manner. This ELISA system will be useful for the quantification and characterization of $CRM_{197}$ and $CRM_{197}$ conjugate vaccines. To our knowledge, this study is the first to generate a human monoclonal antibody against $CRM_{197}$ and to develop a sandwich ELISA for $CRM_{197}$ conjugate vaccines.

• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.226-229
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• 2003

This study presents an intelligent CRM (Customer Relationship Management) application methodology for supplier companies in Business-to-Business environments. The intelligent methodology proposed in this study consists of three-stage-procedures such as static CRM application stage, adaptive CRM application stage and external CRM application stage.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.03a
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• pp.38-44
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• 2002

고객관계관리(CRM)나 마케팅과 같은 경영방식에서도 대용량의 공간 데이터베이스를 사용하는 지리정보시스템(GIS)과 같은 응용분야를 접목하고 있다. gCRM은 지리정보시스템과 고객관계관리를 결합한 것으로, 이러한 실정을 단적으로 보여 주고 있는 경영방식이다. gCRM은 대용량의 데이터베이스로부터 관심 있는 분야를 찾아내고 분석하게 된다. 그러기 위해서는 데이터마이닝이라는 기술이 필요하다. 하지만, gCRM은 일반적인 데이터베이스뿐만 아니라 공간 데이터베이스 역시 많이 사용되어진다. 이러한 공간데이터베이스로부터 관심 있는 부분이나 관계 그리고 특성 등을 찾아내기 위해서는 공간데이타마이닝이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 gCRM 솔루션들의 기능을 중심으로 다양한 공간데이타마이닝 기법과 어떠한 관계가 있는지를 살펴봄으로써 gCRM과 공간데이타마이닝이 접목할 수 있는 부분에 대하여 정리하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2008.10b
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• pp.194-198
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• 2008

Under the rapid change of business circumstance to E-business, CRM is one of the major strategic choices to reinforce the relationship with customers. In this point, this study attempts to understand the relationships among the quality of CRM and the variables of post adoption on the innovation diffusion theory. With integration of information system success model and innovation diffusion theory, it developed a research model and several hypotheses focusing on CRM performance of post-adoption. To testify the hypotheses, it conducted a survey on insurance industry and performed a statistical analysis for the research model with structure equation model. The results show that the factors of CRM quality (system, service, and information) have significant relationships with level of CRM usage and satisfaction. And the relationships between satisfaction and CRM performance and between CRM performance and intension of CRM extension are found as statistically significant.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.99-109
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• 2003

This study tries to grasp common problems which most companies utilizing CRM are facing and present solutions to such problems in utilizing CRM. For these purposes, we try to determine the most important and most urgent factors in CRM utilization by using AHP, one of the Multi-criteria decision-making methods proposed by Satty. AHP is widely used for determining relative magnitude per evaluation item, i. e. priority on problems and is expected to make more systematic and objective evaluations than conventional methods do. Even in the present situation where any general criterion on CRM dose not exist, utilization of CRM is expected to be actively continued, which will cause many problems. In this regard, evaluating CRM counts. This study also tries to present a model applicable to such CRM evaluations

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.133-143
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• 2003

Even in the present situation where any general criterion on CRM dose not exist, utilization of CRM is expected to be actively continued, which will cause many problems. In this regard, evaluating CRM counts. As the result, projects are being suspended and budgets cut, plans for introducing CRM suspended or cancelled and many CRM software vendors and technical consulting firms are facing serious management crisis. Yet, this phenomenon can be regarded as an interim one. In fact, some cases that successfully introduced CRM show that CRM is migrating from small scale which is typical when introduced to larger scale through various tests. Therefore, this study tries to segment customer for the sloving the problem. And it make efficient customer management. Using this model, SN ratio of taguchi method for each of subjective factors as well as values of weights are used in this comprehensive method for customer. A example is presented to illustrate the model and to show a rank reversal when compared to a model that does not eliminate extreme values and eliminates the highest and lowest experts' values allocating the weights and the subjective factors.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2008

One of the major applications of CRM systems is to integrate and automate selling processes. CRM systems provide sales people with tools and data sources they need to reengineer their selling processes. In the industry where sales are traditionally based on personal relationships and the use of the CRM systems is voluntary, the installation of technical solutions does not guarantee Selling Process Reengineering (SPR). The objective of this study is to investigate (1) organizational factors that influence CRM use by sales personnel; and (2) the mediation effect of CRM system use on SPR success when system use and process reengineering are voluntary rather than institutional. Understanding the determinants of voluntary CRM system use and SPR success provide valuable guidance for managers. Managers can benefit from this study by focusing on improving the factors that affect voluntary CRM system use and SPR success.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.123-133
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• 2000

The asphalt mixture with CRM(Crumb Rubber Modifier) is known to show a better performance in resisting thermal cracking, fatigue cracking, and rutting compared with the conventional mixture. In this research, the lab tests on the physical and the mechanical characteristics of the domestic crumb rubber modified asphalt binder and conventional asphalts (AP-3, AP-5) were conducted. The physical test results show that CRM asphalt has better physical characteristics than that of conventional asphalts. The dynamic shear rheometer test results in high temperature show that CRM asphalt has higher complex shear modulus and aging resistance than those of conventional asphalts. And, the bending beam rheometer in low temperature test results show that CRM asphalt has higher resistance to thermal cracking than that of conventional asphalts.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.71-77
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• 2006

Many computer game developers and marketers have adopted diverse internet technologies to raise customers' interest in their websites and communities in order to take fragmentary customers' information. In this paper, we suggest why and how CRM(customer relationship management) could be effectively applied to game industry. CRM system is a systematic management model which properly manages the interactive information drawn between customers and the games. This study on CRM system in games covers 1) components of CRM, 2) customers' features in games, 3) CRM's application in games.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.65-83
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• 2008

Although a variety of customer relationship management (CRM) activities have been provided by many hospitals in Korea, there lacks empirical evidence on the effect of CRM. The present study was conducted to examine the effect of CRM in terms of the customer response to CRM in a woman's hospital setting. A total of 380 patients receiving inpatient or outpatient care from woman's hospital between October 25 and November 4, 2005 were surveyed for the degree of their experience of and preference for CRM activities of the hospital by 5-point Likert-type scale. Patients were also asked about the level of customer loyalty to the hospital. Eighteen CRM activities offered by the hospital was classified into 4 types of CRM strategies according to Berry and Parasuranman: price, social, structural, and relationship recovery strategy. There's a significant positive correlation between the degree of experience of CRM and preference for CRM(r=0.49, p<0.001). Regression analysis results showed the significant positive relationship between the degree of experience of CRM and customer loyalty(${\beta}$=0.448, p<0.05). Among the 4 CRM strategies, only social(${\beta}$=0.127, p<0.05) and structural strategy(${\beta}$=0.266, p<0.05) showed signifiant positive relationship with customer loyalty. Overall, the favorable customer response to CRM in terms of preference for CRM and customer loyalty indicates that there's a positive effect of CRM on the continuity of the relationship between patients and health care providers.